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An Experimentally Validated Micromechanical Model for Elasticity and Strength of Hydroxyapatite Biomaterials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 March 2011

Andreas Fritsch
Affiliation:
Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Karlsplatz 13, A-1040 Wien, Austria Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussess, 6-8 av. Blaise Pascal, 77455 Marne-la-Vallee, France
Luc Dormieux
Affiliation:
Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussess, 6-8 av. Blaise Pascal, 77455 Marne-la-Vallee, France
Christian Hellmich
Affiliation:
Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Karlsplatz 13, A-1040 Wien, Austria
Julien Sanahuja
Affiliation:
Électricité de France, Route de Sens, Ecuelles, 77818 Moret sur Loing, France
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Abstract

Hydroxyapatite biomaterials production has been a major field in biomaterials science and biomechanical engineering. As concerns prediction of their stiffness and strength, we propose to go beyond statistical correlations with porosity or empirical structure-property relationships, as to resolve the material-immanent microstructures governing the overall mechanical behavior. The macroscopic mechanical properties are estimated from the microstructures of the materials and their composition, in a homogenization process based on continuum micromechanics. Thereby, biomaterials are envisioned as porous polycrystals consisting of hydroxyapatite needles and spherical pores. Validation of respective micromechanical models relies on two independent experimental sets: Biomaterial-specific macroscopic (homogenized) stiffness and uniaxial (tensile and compressive) strength predicted from biomaterial-specific porosities, on the basis of biomaterial-independent (‘universal') elastic and strength properties of hydroxyapatite, are compared to corresponding biomaterial-specific experimentally determined (acoustic and mechanical) stiffness and strength values. The good agreement between model predictions and the corresponding experiments underlines the potential of micromechanical modeling in improving biomaterial design, through optimization of key parameters such as porosities or geometries of microstructures, in order to reach desired values for biomaterial stiffness or strength.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 2009

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