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A New Approach to the Selection of Materials for Engineered Barriers and Appropriate Host Rocks for High Level Waste Disposal

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

B.I. Omelianenko ,
B.S. Nikonov ,
B.I. Ryzhov ,
N.D. Shikina  and
S.V. Yudintsev
B.I. Omelianenko
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Russian Academy of Sciences Staromonetny, 35, 109017Moscow, Russia
B.S. Nikonov
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Russian Academy of Sciences Staromonetny, 35, 109017Moscow, Russia
B.I. Ryzhov
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Russian Academy of Sciences Staromonetny, 35, 109017Moscow, Russia
N.D. Shikina
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Russian Academy of Sciences Staromonetny, 35, 109017Moscow, Russia
S.V. Yudintsev
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Russian Academy of Sciences Staromonetny, 35, 109017Moscow, Russia
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Abstract

Sorptive properties of weathered dunites, gabbro-diabases and basic volcanic rocks for Sr and Cs were studied. The results show that the sorptive capacities of these rocks are equivalent to or, in some cases, superior to industrial sorptive materials. Results of a uranium distribution study by fission-track radiography suggest that material from weathered basic rocks is characterized by high sorptive properties for uranium also. One can assume that other radionuclides of the transuranic group will be intensely sor-bed by the residuum of weathered basic rocks. Low-temperature hyd-rothermal transformation leads to sealing fissures of the basic rocks with highly sorptive minerals, for example, smectite, chlorite, serpentine, talc, zeolite, hydroxides of Fe, Ti, Mn. The process results in contemporaneous decreasing hydraulic conductivity and increasing sorptive capacity of the rocks. HLW disposal at the radiochemical plant “Mayak” is expected to be produced in deep wells situated in basaltic rocks. The safety of disposal is based on high sorptive properties of the crust of weathering and protective capacities of volcanic rocks. This method is not expensive and may allow the disposal of HLW in the near future.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 353: Symposium – Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XVIII , 1994 , 543
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1995

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References

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