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Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Study of the Surface Layer in Poled Ceramic BaTiO3#

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 February 2011

D. Balzar ,
P. W. Stephens ,
H. Ledbetter ,
J. Li  and
M. L. Dunn
D. Balzar
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303, balzar@boulder.nist.gov Division of Materials Science and Electronics, Ruder Bošković Institute P.O. Box 1016, 10001, Zagreb, Croatia
P. W. Stephens
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794 National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973
H. Ledbetter
Affiliation:
Materials Science and Engineering Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80303, balzar@boulder.nist.gov
J. Li
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
M. L. Dunn
Affiliation:
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309
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Abstract

Both unpoled and poled BaTiO3 were studied by laboratory and synchrotron x-ray sources. The shorter-wavelength synchrotron radiation was used to probe deeper below the specimen surface. Diffraction patterns revealed a distinctive surface layer of the same tetragonal structure as the main BaTiO3 fraction. A sin2 Ψ analysis of peak shift confirmed that no measurable change of elastic strain occurs upon poling. This indicates that poling may induce excessive strain that was relieved by microcracking or that a majority of domains reverse orientation. However, domain switching and possible microcracking may induce inhomogeneous strain (microstrain) and alter domain-size distribution. Line-broadening analysis showed large anisotropy of both coherently diffracting domain size and microstrain. The poled specimen shows a larger microstrain and smaller average domain size, which indicates possible effects of microcracking and additional defects created during poling.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 453: Symposium R – Solid State Chemistry of Inorganic Materials , 1996 , 715
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1997

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References

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