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Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Nanophase Ceramics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 February 2011

R. W. Siegel  and
J. A. Eastman
R. W. Siegel
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.
J. A. Eastman
Affiliation:
Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439.
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Abstract

Ultrafine-grained ceramics have been synthesized by the production of ultrafine (2–20 nm) particles, using the gas-condensation method, followed by their in-situ, ultra-high vacuum consolidation at room temperature. These new nanophase ceramics have properties that are significantly improved relative to those of their coarser-grained, conventionally-prepared counterparts. For example, nanophase rutile (TiO2) with an initial mean grain diameter of 12 nm sinters at 400 to 600°C lower temperatures than conventional powders, without the need for compacting or sintering aids. The sintered nanophase rutile exhibits both improved microhardness and fracture characteristics. These property improvements result from the reduced scale of the grains and the increased cleanliness of the particle surfaces and the subsequently-formed grain boundaries. Research completed on the synthesis, characterization, and properties of nanophase ceramics is reviewed and the potential for using the nanophase synthesis method for engineering new and/or improved ceramics and composites is considered.

Type
Research Article
Information
MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) , Volume 132: Symposium G – Multicomponent Ultrafine Microstructures , 1988 , 3
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1989

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