Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T15:39:31.777Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Eemian interglacial in Sweden, and comparison with Finland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2016

Ann-Marie Robertsson
Ann-Marie Robertsson*
Affiliation:
Department of Quaternary Research, Stockholm University, S-10691 STOCKHOLM, Sweden
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

The current status of knowledge concerning the Eemian interglacial in Sweden is surveyed, and comparisons are made with northern and western Finland. The course of shore displacement is fragmentarily known for Sweden, since brackish-marine sediments have been identified, on the basis of diatom analysis, at only few sites. In Finland, on the other hand, a shoredisplacement curve has been constructed for the Eemian Baltic Sea in Ostrobothnia, central western Finland.

The vegetation history is summarised for the southernmost part of Sweden, and can be correlated with that documented in Denmark. For the central part of Sweden, information is sparse, but the composition of the forests has been outlined for most of the interglacial, although information on regional pollen assemblage zones E3 and E4 (early-temperate substage) are mainly missing. A more complete picture of the interglacial vegetational history is known from Ostrobothnia in Finland. The thermophilous indicators Viscum, Ilex, Hedera and Osmunda grew far North during the Eemian. Corylus and Carpinus expanded much further to the North than during the Holocene. In Swedish and Finnish Lapland, the vegetation history is similar except that Larix was common in Finland during the Eemian, but its presence has so far not been confirmed in Sweden.

Eemian deposits relocated during the Weichselian glaciation contain pollen and diatoms that can be used for reconstruction of the Eemian environment. No clear indication of a rapid climatic deterioration during the Eemian has been found so far in either Swedish or Finnish sequences.

Keywords

EemianFinlandrebedded pollenrelocated depositsshore displacementSwedenvegetation history
Type
Research Article
Information
Netherlands Journal of Geosciences , Volume 79 , Issue 2-3 , August 2000 , pp. 325 - 333
Copyright
Copyright © Stichting Netherlands Journal of Geosciences 2000

References

Andersen, S.Th., 1975. The Eemian freshwater deposit at Egernsund, South Jylland, and the Eemian landscape development in Denmark. Danmarks Geologiske Undersøgelse Årbog 1974: 49–70.Google Scholar
Berglund, B.E. & Lagerlund, E., 1981. Eemian and Weichselian stratigraphy in South Sweden. Boreas 10: 323–362.Google Scholar
Donner, J., 1995. The Quaternary history of Scandinavia. World and regional geology 7. Cambridge University Press: 200 pp.Google Scholar
Eklund, A., Hellström, G., Rodhe, L., Sundh, M., Svedlund, J.-O. & Wiberg, B., 1991. Till stratigraphie studies in Västerbotten, northern Sweden - some preliminary results. Striae 34: 99–102.Google Scholar
Erikson, B., 1912. En submorän fossilförande aflagring vid Bolinäs i Hälsingland. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 34:500–541.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eriksson, B., 1993. The Eemian pollen stratigraphy and vegetational history of Ostrobothnia, Finland. Geological Survey of Finland Bulletin 372: 36 pp.Google Scholar
Eriksson, B., Grönlund, T. & Kujansuu, R., 1980. An interglacial deposit at Evijärvi in the Pohjanmaa region, Finland [in Finnish with English summary]. Geologi 32: 65–71.Google Scholar
Eriksson, B., Grönlund, T. & Uutela, A., 1999. Biostratigraphy of Eemian sediments at Mertuanoja, Pohjanmaa (Ostrobothnia), western Finland. Boreas 28: 274–291.Google Scholar
Forsström, L., 1990. Occurrence of larch (Larix) in Fennoscandia during the Eemian interglacial and Brörup interstadial according to pollen analytical data. Boreas 19: 241–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forsström, L., Aalto, M., Eronen, M. & Grönlund, T., 1988. Stratigraphic evidence for Eemian crustal movements and relative sealevel changes in Eastern Fennoscandia. Paleogeography Paleoclimatology Palaeoecology 68: 317–335.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grönlund, T., 1991a. New corings from Eemian interglacial marine deposits in Ostrobothnia, Finland. Geological Survey of Finland Bulletin 352: 23 pp.Google Scholar
Grönlund, T., 1991b. The diatom stratigraphy of the Eemian Baltic Sea on the basis of sediment discoveries in Ostrobothnia, Finland. Geological Survey of Finland Report of Investigation 102: 26 pp.Google Scholar
Halden, B. E:son, 1915. Det interglaciala Bollnäsfyndets stratigrafi. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 37: 452–479.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hättestrand, C. 1997. The glacial geomorphology of central and northern Sweden. Geological Survey of Sweden Research Papers Ca 85: 47 pp.Google Scholar
Hirvas, H., 1983. Correlation problems of interglacial deposits in Finnish Lapland. IGCP Project 73/1/24 Report 9 (Paris): 129–139.Google Scholar
Hirvas, H., 1991. Pleistocene stratigraphy of Finnish Lapland. Geological Survey of Finland Bulletin 354: 123 pp.Google Scholar
Hirvas, H., Korpela, K. & Kujansuu, R., 1981.Weichselian in Finland before 15.000 B.P. Boreas 10: 423–431.Google Scholar
Hirvas, H., Lagerbäck, R., Mäkinen, K., Nenonen, K., Olsen, L., Rodhe, L. & Thoresen, M., 1988. The Nordkalott Project: studies of Quaternary geology in northern Fennoscandia. Boreas 17: 431–437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kleman, J., 1994. Preservation of landforms under ice sheets and ice caps. Geomorphology 9: 19–32.Google Scholar
Kullman, L., 1998a. Palaeoecological, biogeographical and palaeoclimatological implications of early Holocene immigration of Larix sibirica Ledeb. into the Scandes Mountains, Sweden. Global Ecology and Biogeography Letters 7: 181–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kullman, L., 1998b. The occurrence of thermophilous trees in the Scandes Mountains during the early Holocene: evidence for a diverse tree flora from macroscopic remains. Journal of Ecology 86:421–428.Google Scholar
Lagerbäck, R., 1988. The Veiki moraines in northern Sweden -widespread evidence of an Early Weichselian deglaciation. Boreas 17:469–486.Google Scholar
Lagerbäck, R. & Robertsson, A.-M., 1988. Kettle holes - stratigraphical archives for Weichselian geology and palaeoenvironment in northernmost Sweden. Boreas 17: 439–468.Google Scholar
Liivrand, E., 1991. Biostratigraphy of the Pleistocene deposits in Estonia and correlations in the Baltic region. Ph.D. thesis Stockholm University; Department of Quaternary Research Report 19: 114 pp.Google Scholar
Lundqvist, G., 1963. Beskrivning till jordartskarta över Gävleborgs län. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning 42: 181 pp.Google Scholar
Lundqvist, J. (ed.), 1971. The interglacial deposit at the Leveäniemi mine, Svappavaara, Swedish Lapland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 658: 163 pp.Google Scholar
Lundqvist, J. & Miller, U., 1992. Weichselian stratigraphy and glaciations in the Tåsjö-Hoting area, central Sweden. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Research Papers C 826: 35 pp.Google Scholar
Mangerud, J., Sönstegaard, E., Sejrup, H.P. & Haldorsen, S., 1981. A continuous Eemian - Early Weichselian sequence containing pollen and marine fossils at Fjösanger, western Norway. Boreas 10: 137–208.Google Scholar
Miller, U., 1971. Diatom floras in the sediments at Leveäniemi, . In: Lundqvist, J. (ed.): The interglacial deposit at the Leveäniemi mine, Svappavaara, Swedish Lapland. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning C 658: 104–163.Google Scholar
Miller, U.,.*** 1977. Pleistocene deposits of the Alnarp Valley, southern Sweden - Microfossils and their stratigraphical application. Ph.D. thesis University of Lund: 125 pp.Google Scholar
Miller, U. & Persson, Ch., 1973. A lump of clay embedded in glacial intermorainic sand. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 95: 342–346.Google Scholar
Nenonen, K., 1995. Pleistocene stratigraphy and reference sections in southern and western Finland. Geological Survey of Finland, Regional Office for Mid-Finland, Dissertation: 94 pp.Google Scholar
Påsse, T., 1992. A Late Pleistocene sequence at Holmagärde, south-western Sweden. Geological Survey of Sweden Research Papers, Ca 81: 241–248.Google Scholar
Påsse, T., Robertsson, A.-M., Miller, U. & Klingberg, F., 1988. A Late Pleistocene sequence at Margreteberg, southwestern Sweden. Boreas 17: 141–163.Google Scholar
Robertsson, A.-M., 1991. The last interglacial in northernmost Sweden. Quaternary International 10/12***: 173–181.Google Scholar
Robertsson, A.-M., 1997. Reinvestigation of the interglacial pollen flora at Leveäniemi, Swedish Lapland. Boreas 26: 81–89.Google Scholar
Robertsson, A.-M. & García Ambrosiani, K., 1992. The Pleistocene in Sweden - a review of research, 1960–1990. Sveriges Geologiska Undersökning Research Papers Ca 81: 299–306.Google Scholar
Robertsson, A.-M. & Rodhe, L., 1988. A late Pleistocene sequence at Seitevare, Swedish Lapland. Boreas 17: 501–509.Google Scholar
Robertsson, A.-M., Svedlund, J.-O., Andrén, T. & Sundh, M., 1997. Pleistocene stratigraphy in the Dellen region, central Sweden. Boreas 26: 237–260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saarnisto, M. & Salonen, V.-P., 1995. Glacial history of Finland. In: Ehlers, J., Kozarski, S. & Gibbard, P. (eds.): Glacial deposits in north-east Europe. ***Balkema (Rotterdam/Brookfield): 3–10.Google Scholar
Saarnisto, M., Eriksson, B. & Hirvas, H., 1999. Tepsankumpu revisited - pollen evidence of stable Eemian climates in Finnish Lapland. Boreas 28: 12–22.Google Scholar