Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T13:33:31.000Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Was marine faunal diversity in the Pleistocene affected by changes in sea level?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2016

Kurt P. Wise  and
Thomas J. M. Schopf
Kurt P. Wise
Affiliation:
Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637
Thomas J. M. Schopf
Affiliation:
Department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

We have investigated whether changes in marine faunal diversity during the Pleistocene would have been affected by changes in sea level. Our estimate of changes in area of shallow marine seas between low stand and high stand of sea level (approximately 200 m) leads to a prediction of approximately a 25% change in species diversity, 10% change in generic diversity and less than a 5% change in familial diversity. This agrees with the observation that large scale generic or familial changes have not been widely noted for the Pleistocene. As in other intervals of geologic time, changes in the sizes of faunal provinces owing to changes in sea level are less likely to be the significant factor in changing marine diversity than are changes in the number of faunal provinces.

Type
Articles
Information
Paleobiology , Volume 7 , Issue 3 , Summer 1981 , pp. 394 - 399
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

Abele, L. G. and Walters, K. 1979. Marine benthic diversity: a critique and alternative explanation. J. Biogeogr. 6:115–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bond, G. 1978. Speculations on real sea-level changes and vertical motions of continents at selected times in the Cretaceous and Tertiary Periods. Geology 6:247–250.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bousfield, E. L. 1973. Shallow-water Gammaridean Amphipoda of New England. 312 pp. Cornell Univ. Press; Ithaca, New York.Google Scholar
Bousfield, E. L. and Thomas, M. L. H. 1975. Postglacial changes in distribution of littoral marine invertebrates in the Canadian Atlantic region. Proc. Nova Scotia Inst. Sci. 27(Suppl. 3):47–60.Google Scholar
Clark, J. A., Farrell, W. E., and Peltier, W. R. 1978. Global changes in postglacial sea level: a numerical calculation. Quat. Res. 9:265–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Connor, E. F. and McCoy, E. D. 1979. The statistics and biology of the species-area relationship. Am. Nat. 113:791–833.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dando, P. R. and Southward, A. J. 1980. Speciation studies on Chthamalid barnacles …. Abstracts of Second Int. Congress of Syst. Evol. Biol. Pp. 415. Vancouver.Google Scholar
Deevey, E. S. Jr. 1950. Hydroids from Louisiana and Texas, with remarks on the Pleistocene biogeography of the western Gulf of Mexico. Ecology. 31:334–367.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diamond, J. M. 1973. Distributional ecology of New Guinea birds. Science. 179:759–769.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Espenshade, E. B. Jr. ed. 1970. Goode's World Atlas. Rand McNally & Company, Chicago.Google Scholar
Flessa, K. W. 1975. Area, continental drift and mammalian diversity. Paleobiology. 1:189–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flessa, K. W. and Imbrie, J. 1973. Evolutionary pulsations: evidence from Phanerozoic diversity patterns. pp. 247–285. In: Implications of Continental Drift for the Earth Sciences. Tarling, D. H. and Runcorn, S. K., eds. Academic Press; London.Google Scholar
Flessa, K. W. and Sepkoski, J. J. Jr. 1978. On the relationship between Phanerozoic diversity and changes in habitable area. Paleobiology. 4:359–366.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Forney, G. G. 1975. Permo-Triassic sea-level changes. J. Geol. 83:773–779.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacArthur, R. H. and Wilson, E. O. 1963. An equilibrium theory of insular zoogeography. Evolution. 17:373–387.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
MacArthur, R. H. and Wilson, E. O. 1967. The Theory of Island Biogeography. 203 pp. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton; New Jersey.Google Scholar
May, R. M. 1975. Patterns of species abundance and diversity. pp. 81–120. In: Ecology and Evolution of Communities. Cody, M. L. and Diamond, J. M., eds. Belknap Press; Cambridge, Mass.Google Scholar
Menard, H. W. and Smith, S. M. 1966. Hypsometry of ocean basin provinces. J. Geophysical Res. 71:4305–4325.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Preston, F. W. 1962. The canonical distribution of commonness and rarity. Ecology. 43:410–432.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raup, D. M. 1979. Size of the Permo-Triassic bottleneck and its evolutionary implications. Science. 206:217–218.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schopf, T. J. M. 1974. Permo-Triassic extinctions: relation to sea-floor spreading. J. Geology. 82:129–143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schopf, T. J. M. 1977. Population genetics of Bryozoa. pp. 459–486. In: Woollacott, R. M. and Zimmer, R. L., eds. Biology of Bryozoans. Academic Press; New York.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schopf, T. J. M. 1979. The role of biogeographic provinces in regulating marine faunal diversity through geologic time. pp. 449–457. In: Historical Biogeography, Plate Tectonics, and the Changing Environment. Gray, J. and Boucot, A. J., eds. Oregon State Univ. Press; Corvallis, Oregon.Google Scholar
Schopf, T. J. M. 1980. Paleoceanography. 341 pp. Harvard Univ. Press; Cambridge, Mass.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schopf, T. J. M. and Dutton, A. R. 1976. Parallel clines in morphologic and genetic differentiation in a coastal zone marine invertebrate: the bryozoan Schizoporella errata. Paleobiology. 2:255–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schopf, T. J. M. and Murphy, L. S. 1973. Protein polymorphism of the hybridizing seastars Asterias forbesi and Asterias vulgaris and implications for their evolution. Biological Bulletin. 145:589–597.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schopf, T. J. M., Fisher, J. B., and Smith, C. A. F. III. 1978. Is the marine latitudinal diversity gradient merely another example of the species-area curve? Pp. 365–383. In: Battaglia, B. and Beardmore, J. A., eds. Marine Organisms: Genetics, Ecology, and Evolution. Plenum Press; New York.Google Scholar
Shepard, F. P. 1973. Submarine Geology. 3rd Edition. 517 pp. Harper & Row; New York.Google Scholar
Simberloff, D. S. 1972. Models in biogeography. Pp. 160–191. In: Models in Paleobiology. Schopf, T. J. M., ed. Freeman, Cooper and Co.; San Francisco, Calif., 250 pp.Google Scholar
Simberloff, D. S. 1974. Permo-Triassic extinctions: Effects of area on biotic equilibrium. J. Geology. 82:267–274.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spivey, H. R. 1981. Origins, distribution, and Zoogeographic affinities of the Cirripedia (Crustacea) of the Gulf of Mexico. J. Biogeogr. 8:153–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thiel, E. C. 1962. The amount of ice on planet earth, Antarctic Research, Am. Geophys. Union, Natl. Acad. Sci. Natl. Res. Council, publ. #1036, Geophys. Monogr. no. 7, Washington, D.C. Pp. 172–175.Google Scholar
Van Valen, L. 1973. Are categories in different phyla comparable? Taxon. 22:333–373.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Walcott, R. I. 1972. Past sea levels, eustasy and deformation of the earth. Quat. Res. 2:1–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, J. E., ed. 1970. Prentice-Hall World Atlas. 120 pp. Prentice-Hall, Inc.; Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.Google Scholar