Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T21:30:21.925Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

IN OMNIBUS REGIONIBUS? THE FOURTEEN REGIONS AND THE CITY OF ROME

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 January 2020

Penelope J. Goodman
Get access

Abstract

Scholarship on the fourteen Augustan regions of Rome has tended to focus on their political and topographical significance. As a result, evidence for their social meaning and their impact on the mindsets and practices of the city's administrators and rulers has been under-exploited. This article seeks to address this lacuna. It begins by reviewing the history of Rome's regions and asking how and where the boundaries of the Augustan regions were recorded, before moving on to consider the impact of the regions on the Romans’ understanding and experiences of their city. This includes examining the evidence for bottom-up social identification with the regions, despite their top-down original creation. The paper also looks at the administrators who worked with the regions (regional magistrates and the food, water and fire services), arguing that the conceptual framework which the regions provided began to shape their working practices. Finally, it demonstrates the existence of a rhetoric of consistent provision across all fourteen regions, propagated especially by the emperors. The findings across all of these areas reveal that it is essential to take the regions and their impact into account when attempting to understand the topography of the city and the lives of its inhabitants.

La ricerca accademica sulle quattordici regioni augustee di Roma ha teso a concentrarsi sul loro significato politico e topografico. Di conseguenza, le prove del loro significato sociale e del loro impatto sulle mentalità e sulle pratiche degli amministratori e dei governanti della città sono state sottoutilizzate. Il presente articolo cerca di affrontare questa lacuna. Si prendono le mosse esaminando la storia delle regioni di Roma, cercando di capire come e dove venissero registrati i confini delle regioni augustee, prima di passare a considerare l'impatto che le regioni stesse hanno avuto sulla comprensione e sulle esperienze che i romani ebbero della loro città. Ciò include l'esame dell'evidenza per un'identificazione sociale dal basso verso l'alto con le regioni, nonostante la loro creazione originale sia da intendere in senso opposto. Il contributo esamina anche gli amministratori che hanno avuto a che fare con le regioni (magistrati regionali e servizi alimentari, responsabili dei servi idraulici e antincendio), sostenendo che il quadro concettuale fornito dalle regioni ha modellato le loro pratiche di lavoro. Infine, dimostra l'esistenza di una retorica di disposizioni coerenti in tutte e quattordici le regioni, posta in essere e diffusa soprattutto dagli imperatori. I rinvenimenti in tutte queste aree rivelano che è essenziale tenere conto delle regioni e del loro impatto quando si cerca di comprendere la topografia della città e la vita dei suoi abitanti.

Type
Articles
Information
Papers of the British School at Rome , Volume 88 , October 2020 , pp. 119 - 150
Copyright
Copyright © British School at Rome 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Albana, M. (2006) Archiatri … honeste obsequi tenuioribus malint quam turpiter servire divitibus (CTh 13, 3, 8). In Marino, R., Molè, C. and Pinzone, A. (eds), Poveri ammalati e ammalati poveri. Dinamiche socio-economiche, trasformazioni culturali e misure assistenziali nell'occidente romano in età tardoantica: 253–79. Catania, Prisma.Google Scholar
Arce, J. (1999) El inventario de Roma: Curiosum y Notitia. In Harris, W.V. (ed.), The Transformations of VRBS ROMA in Late Antiquity: 15–22. Portsmouth (RI), Journal of Roman Archaeology.Google Scholar
Bargagli, B. and Grosso, C. (1997) I Fasti Ostienses. Documento della storia di Ostia. Rome, Ministero per i beni culturali e ambientali, Soprintendenza archeologica di Ostia.Google Scholar
Barrow, R.H. (1973) Prefect and Emperor: The Relationes of Symmachus, A.D. 384. Oxford, Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Behrwald, R. (2006) Les régionnaires de Rome: stratigraphies d'un texte. Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 150: 743–64.Google Scholar
Bérenger, A. (2008) Comment indiquait-on son adresse à Rome? In Royo, M., Hubert, É. and Bérenger, A. (eds), Rome des Quartiers: des vici aux rioni: 165–74. Paris, De Boccard.Google Scholar
Blackman, D.R. and Hodge, A.T. (2001) Frontinus’ Legacy: Essays on Frontinus’ De aquis urbis Romae. Ann Arbor (MI), University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blake, M.E. (1959) Roman Construction in Italy from Tiberius through the Flavians. Washington, DC, Carnegie Institution.Google Scholar
Boulvert, G. (1964) Les esclaves et les affranchis impériaux sous le haut-empire Romain. Aix-Marseille Université, Ph.D. thesis.Google Scholar
Bruun, C. (1991) The Water Supply of Ancient Rome. A Study of Roman Imperial Administration. Helsinki, The Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters.Google Scholar
Ceparano, M.L. (1998) I pistrina nei Regionari di IV secolo. Mélanges de l'École française de Rome: Antiquité 110: 917–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chastagnol, A. (1997) Le fonctionnement de la préfecture urbaine. In La Rome impériale. Démographie et logistique: 111–19. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Chioffi, L. (1999) Tres Silani. In Steinby, E.M. (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae V (T–Z): 85. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Ciancio Rossetto, P. (2006) Il nuovo frammento della Forma severiana relativo al Circo Massimo. In Meneghini, R. and Valenzani, R. Santangeli (eds), Forma Urbis Romae: nuovi frammenti di piante marmoree dallo scavo dei Fori Imperiali: 127–41. Rome, L'Erma di Bretschneider.Google Scholar
Closs, V. (2016). Neronianis Temporibus: the so-called Arae Incendii Neroniani and the fire of A.D. 64 in Rome's monumental landscape. Journal of Roman Studies 106: 102–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coarelli, F. (1993) Argei, Sacraria. In Steinby, E.M. (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae I (A–C): 120–5. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Coarelli, F. (1996) ‘Murus Servii Tullii’: Porta Triumphalis. In Steinby, E.M. (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae III (H–O): 333–4. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Coarelli, F. (1997) La consistenza della città nel periodo imperiale: pomerium, vici, insulae. In La Rome impériale. Démographie et logistique: 89–109. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Coarelli, F. (2014) Collis. Il Quirinale e il Viminale nell'antichità. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Crawford, M.H. (ed.) (1996) Roman Statutes. London, Institute of Classical Studies.Google Scholar
de Kleijn, G. (2001) The Water Supply of Ancient Rome. City Area, Water, and Population. Amsterdam, Gieben.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Robertis, F.M. (1935) La cura regionum urbis nel periodo imperiale. Athenaeum 13: 171–86.Google Scholar
De Rossi, G.B. (1879) I adunanze dell'Istituto: comm. De Rossi. Bullettino dell'Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica 51: 73–5.Google Scholar
Di Carpegna Falconieri, T. (2008) Circoscrizioni ecclesiastiche nel medioevo alto e centrale. Il territorio tra organizzazione e rappresentazione. In Royo, M., Hubert, É. and Bérenger, A. (eds), Rome des Quartiers: des vici aux rioni: 77–88. Paris, De Boccard.Google Scholar
Duchesne, L. (1890) Les régions de Rome au moyen-âge. Mélanges de l’École française de Rome 10: 126–49.Google Scholar
Dumser, E. (2013) The urban topography of Rome. In Erdkamp, P. (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Rome: 131–50. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, H.B. (1994) Water Distribution in Ancient Rome. The Evidence of Frontinus. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Favro, D. (1996) The Urban Image of Augustan Rome. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Flower, H.I. (2018) The Dancing Lares and the Serpent in the Garden: Religion at the Roman Street Corner. Princeton, Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frézouls, E. (1987) Rome ville ouverte. Réflexions sur les problèmes de l'expansion urbaine d'Auguste à Aurélien. In Scheid, J. (ed.), L'Urbs. Espace urbain et histoire: 373–92. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Gerkan, A. von (1949) Grenzen und Größen der vierzehn Regionen Roms. Bonner Jahrbücher 149: 5–65.Google Scholar
Goodman, P.J. (2007) The Roman City and its Periphery: From Rome to Gaul. London, Routledge.Google Scholar
Guilhembet, J.-P. (2006) Limites et entrées de la Rome antique: quelques rappels et quelques remarques. In Michaud-Frejaville, F., Dauphin, N. and Guilhembet, J.-P. (eds), Entrer en ville: 79–121. Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haselberger, L. (2007) Urbem adornare: die Stadt Rom und ihre Gestaltumwandlung unter Augustus = Rome's Urban Metamorphosis under Augustus. Portsmouth (RI), Journal of Roman Archaeology.Google Scholar
Hermansen, G. (1978) The population of imperial Rome: the regionaries. Historia 27: 129–68.Google Scholar
Hillner, J. (2001) Die Berufsangaben und Adressen auf den stadtrömischen Sklavenhalsbändern. Historia 50: 193–216.Google Scholar
Jolivet, V. (2007) La localisation des toponymes de la Rome antique à partir des Régionnaires. Une étude de cas. In Leone, A., Palombi, D. and Walker, S. (eds), Res bene gestae: ricerche di storia urbana su Roma antica in onore di Eva Margareta Steinby: 103–25. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Jones, B.W. (1992) The Emperor Domitian. London, Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kammerer Grothaus, H. (1979) Camere sepolcrali de’ liberti e liberte di Livia Augusta ed altri Caesari. Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome 91: 315–42.Google Scholar
Lanciani, R. (1892) Pagan and Christian Rome. Boston and New York, Houghton and Mifflin.Google Scholar
Ling, R. (1990) A stranger in town: finding the way in an ancient city. Greece & Rome 37: 204–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lo Cascio, E. (1997) Le procedure di recensus dalla tarda repubblica al tardo antico e il calcolo della popolazione di Roma. In La Rome impériale. Démographie et logistique: 3–76. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Lo Cascio, E. (1998) Registri dei beneficiari e modalità delle distribuzioni nella Roma tardoantica. In La Mémoire perdue: recherches sur l'administration romaine: 365–85. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Lo Cascio, E. (2007) Il ruolo dei vici e delle regiones nel controllo della popolazione e nell'amministrazione di Roma. In Haensch, R. and Heinrich, J. (eds), Herrschen und Verwalten: der Alltag der römischen Administration in der Hohen Kaiserzeit: 145–59. Cologne, Böhlau.Google Scholar
Lott, J.B. (2004) The Neighborhoods of Augustan Rome. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lott, J.B. (2013) Regions and neighbourhoods. In Erdkamp, P. (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Rome: 169–89. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Macciocca, M. (2005) Liviae Augustae e libertorum e servorum monumentum. In Regina, A. La (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae: Suburbium III (G–L): 235–8. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Maischberger, M. (1999) Tiberis. In Steinby, E.M. (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae V (T–Z): 69–73. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Malmberg, S. (2009) Finding your way in the Subura. In Driessen, M., Heeren, S., Hendriks, J., Kemmers, F. and Visser, R. (eds), TRAC 2008: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference: 39–51. Oxford, Oxbow Books.Google Scholar
Meneghini, R. (2007) La cartografia antica e il catasto di Roma imperiale. In Leone, A., Palombi, D. and Walker, S. (eds), Res bene gestae: ricerche di storia urbana su Roma antica in onore di Eva Margareta Steinby: 205–18. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Morrell, K. (2017) Pompey, Cato, and the Governance of the Roman Empire. Oxford, Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nasti, F. (1999) Curatores Regionum Urbis e il cursus honorum di C. Caelius Censorinus. In Evangelisti, S. and Galli, L. (eds), XI Congresso Internazionale di Epigrafia Greca e Latina: 533–44. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Nicolet, C. (1976) Le temple des Nymphes et les distributions frumentaires à Rome à l’époque républicaine d'après des découvertes récentes. Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 120: 29–51.Google Scholar
Nicolet, C. (1987) La table d'Héraclée et les origines du cadastre romain. In L'Urbs. Espace urbain et histoire (Ier siècle av. J.-C.–IIIe siècle ap. J.-C): 1–25. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Nicolet, C. (1991) Space, Geography and Politics in the Early Roman Empire. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nordh, A. (1949) Libellus de Regionibus Urbis Romae. Lund, Gleerup.Google Scholar
Nutton, V. (1977) Archiatri and the medical profession in antiquity. Papers of the British School at Rome 45: 191–226.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Owen, M. and Gildenhard, I. (2013) Tacitus, Annals, 15.20–23, 33–45. Cambridge, Open Book Publishers.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pailler, J.-M. (1985) Rome aux cinq régions? Mélanges de l’École française de Rome 97: 785–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Palmer, R. (1974) The excusatio magisteri and the administration of Rome under Commodus. Athenaeum n.s. 52: 266–88.Google Scholar
Palmer, R. (1980) Customs on market goods imported into the city of Rome. In D'Arms, J. and Kopff, E.C. (eds), The Seaborne Commerce of Ancient Rome: 217–33. Rome, American Academy in Rome.Google Scholar
Palombi, D. (1999a) Regiones Quattuor (topografia). In Steinby, E.M. (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae IV (P–S): 196–7. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Palombi, D. (1999b) Regiones Quattuordecim (topografia). In Steinby, E.M. (ed.), Lexicon Topographicum Urbis Romae IV (P–S): 199–204. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Palombi, D. (2008) Caratteri e trasformazioni dei confini urbani nell'area dei Fori imperiali. In Royo, M., Hubert, É. and Bérenger, A. (eds), Rome des Quartiers: des vici aux rioni: 299–320. Paris, De Boccard.Google Scholar
Panciera, S. (1970) Tra epigrafia e topografia I.3. Archeologia Classica 22: 151–63.Google Scholar
Paoli, U.E. (1963) Rome, Its People, Life and Customs. London, Longman.Google Scholar
Pardini, G. (2013) 2. La Meta Sudans augustea e il compitum. In Panella, C. (ed.), Scavare nel centro di Roma: storie, uomini, paesaggi: 58–75. Rome, Quasar.Google Scholar
Peachin, M. (2004) Frontinus and the curae of the curator aquarum. Stuttgart, Steiner.Google Scholar
Pietri, C. (1989) Régions ecclésiastiques et paroisses romaines. In Actes du XIe Congrès international d'archéologie chrétienne II: 1035–62. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Rainbird, J.S. (1986) The fire stations of imperial Rome. Papers of the British School at Rome 54: 147–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rea, J.R. (1972) The Oxyrhynchus Papyri XL. London, The Egypt Exploration Society.Google Scholar
Reynolds, D.W. (1997) The lost architecture of ancient Rome: insights from the Severan plan and the regionary catalogues. Expedition 39.2: 15–24.Google Scholar
Richardson, L. jr (1992) A New Topographical Dictionary of Ancient Rome. Baltimore and London, Johns Hopkins University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rickman, G. (1980) The Corn Supply of Ancient Rome. Oxford, Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Rodgers, R.H. (2004) Frontinus: De Aquaeductu Urbis Romae. Edited with an Introduction and Commentary. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rosenstein, N. (1995) Sorting out the lot in Republican Rome. American Journal of Philology 116: 43–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Royo, M. (1999) Domus imperatoriae: topographie, formation et imaginaire des palais impériaux du Palatin, IIe siècle av. J.-C., Ier siècle ap. J.-C. Rome, Ecole française.Google Scholar
Royo, M., Hubert, É. and Bérenger, A. (2008) Rome des Quartiers: des vici aux rioni. Paris, De Boccard.Google Scholar
Ruciński, S. (2004) Position des curatores regionum dans la hiérarchie administrative de la Ville de Rome. Eos 91: 108–19.Google Scholar
Ruciński, S. (2009) Praefectus urbi. Le Gardien de l'ordre public à Rome sous le Haut-Empire Romain. Poznań, Wydawnictwo Naukowe.Google Scholar
Sablayrolles, R. (1996) Libertinus miles. Les cohortes de vigiles. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Spencer, D. (2011) Movement and the linguistic turn: reading Varro's de Lingua Latina. In Laurence, R. and Newsome, D.J. (eds), Rome, Ostia, Pompeii: Movement and Space: 57–80. Oxford, Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spera, L. (2013) Il vescovo di Roma e la città: regioni ecclesiastiche, tituli e cimiteri. Ridefinizione di un problema amministrativo e territoriale. In Brandt, O., Cresci, S., Lopez Quiroga, J. and Pappalardo, C. (eds), Atti del XV Congreso Internacional de Arqueologia Cristiana: episcopus, civitas, territorium: 163–98. Vatican, Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana.Google Scholar
Stevens, S. (2017) City Boundaries and Urban Development in Roman Italy. Leuven, Peeters.Google Scholar
Stewart, R. (1998) Public Office in Early Rome. Ritual Procedure and Political Practice. Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Talbert, R. (1996) The senate and senatorial and equestrian posts. In Bowman, A., Champlin, E. and Lintott, A. (eds), The Cambridge Ancient History X: The Augustan Empire, 43 BC–AD 69: 324–43. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tarpin, M. (2002) Vici et pagi dans l'Occident romain. Rome, École française.Google Scholar
Tarpin, M. (2008) Les vici de Rome, entre sociabilité de voisinage et organisation administrative. In Royo, M., Hubert, E. and Bérenger, A. (eds), Rome des Quartiers: des vici aux rioni: 35–64. Paris, De Boccard.Google Scholar
Taylor, R. (2010) Bread and water: Septimius Severus and the rise of the curator aquarum et Miniciae. Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome 55: 199–220.Google Scholar
Thurmond, D.L. (1994) Some Roman slave collars in CIL. Athenaeum 82: 459–93.Google Scholar
Trimble, J. (2016) The Zoninus collar and the archaeology of Roman slavery. American Journal of Archaeology 120: 447–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Turner, E.G. (1975) Oxyrhynchus and Rome. Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 79: 1–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Virlouvet, C. (1995) Tessera frumentaria. Les procédures de distribution du blé public à Rome à la fin de la République et au début de l'Empire. Rome, École française.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace-Hadrill, A. (2008) Rome's Cultural Revolution. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Weber, E. (2008) Eine neue Inschrift für C. oder L. Caesar aus Rom. Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik 164: 245–7.Google Scholar
Welch, K. (2006) Art of the Roman Republican period. In Rosenstein, N. and Morstein-Marx, R. (eds), The Blackwell Companion to the Roman Republic, 496–542. Malden, Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar