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Anti-α-Gal antibodies detected by novel neoglycoproteins as a diagnostic tool for Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania major

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 June 2018

Krishanthi S. Subramaniam
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
Victoria Austin
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
Nathaniel S. Schocker
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
Alba L. Montoya
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
Matthew S. Anderson
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
Roger A. Ashmus
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
Mina Mesri
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
Waleed Al-Salem
Affiliation:
National Centre of Tropical Diseases, National Health Laboratory, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Igor C. Almeida
Affiliation:
Border Biomedical Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
Katja Michael
Affiliation:
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 W. University Ave., El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
Alvaro Acosta-Serrano*
Affiliation:
Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
*
Author for correspondence: Alvaro Acosta-Serrano, E-mail: alvaro.acosta-serrano@lstmed.ac.uk

Abstract

Outbreaks of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) have significantly increased due to the conflicts in the Middle East, with most of the cases occurring in resource-limited areas such as refugee settlements. The standard methods of diagnosis include microscopy and parasite culture, which have several limitations. To address the growing need for a CL diagnostic that can be field applicable, we have identified five candidate neoglycoproteins (NGPs): Galα (NGP3B), Galα(1,3)Galα (NGP17B), Galα(1,3)Galβ (NGP9B), Galα(1,6)[Galα(1,2)]Galβ (NGP11B), and Galα(1,3)Galβ(1,4)Glcβ (NGP1B) that are differentially recognized in sera from individuals with Leishmania major infection as compared with sera from heterologous controls. These candidates contain terminal, non-reducing α-galactopyranosyl (α-Gal) residues, which are known potent immunogens to humans. Logistic regression models found that NGP3B retained the best diagnostic potential (area under the curve from receiver-operating characteristic curve = 0.8). Our data add to the growing body of work demonstrating the exploitability of the human anti-α-Gal response in CL diagnosis.

Type
Special Issue Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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