Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gxg78 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T06:41:24.811Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Genetic resources of lentil and its utilization in India

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 January 2011

Mohar Singh ,
Saroj Sardana  and
Shyam Kumar Sharma
Mohar Singh*
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi-110 012, India
Saroj Sardana
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi-110 012, India
Shyam Kumar Sharma
Affiliation:
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi-110 012, India
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: singhmohar_2003@yahoo.com
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Lentil is recognised as the most nutritious rabi pulse and, with respect to acreage, it ranks next to chickpea. It is grown throughout northern and central India. A large percentage of Indians are vegetarian and lentil has long been part of India's indigenous diet, and is a common source of protein. Of about 60 varieties released in India to date, 13 have been developed by hybridization, mostly from parents not distantly related. The narrow genetic base of the presently cultivated varieties and losses due to biotic and abiotic stress factors remain the main cause of concern. Introgression of genes between microsperma and macrosperma groups of lentil from closely related species like L. culinaris subspp. Orientalis and use of biotechnological tools, wherever necessary, have been recommended by various workers to broaden the genetic base of this crop. Direct selection for grain yield through important component traits such as pods/plant, seeds/pod, number of clusters/plant, harvest index, biological yield, early maturing and breeding for better yield quality have been suggested. Realizing the significance of plant germplasm, special efforts have been made by the national bureau to collect the genetic resources of lentil from different states of India. A large number of accessions were characterised and evaluated for various agro-morphological traits, using the lentil minimal descriptor. The core collection comprising 287 promising accessions recorded variation for seed yield and its important component traits; variation was also observed for important morphological traits, using mutation breeding approaches. These genetic resources of lentil have also been screened for tolerance to several biotic stresses and a few lines showed immunity against rust, blight and fusarium wilt and these have been utilized as donors in cross-breeding programmes. On the other hand, wild Lens species revealed substantial genetic diversity for phenological and agro-morphological characters, including some important diseases of lentil. From these genetic resources, potential donors of desirable traits have been selected after evaluation and characterization and have been utilized in the genetic improvement of cultivars.

Keywords

Genetic resourceslentilcharacterizationdocumentationpre-breeding
Type
Review Article
Information
Plant Genetic Resources , Volume 9 , Issue 1 , April 2011 , pp. 30 - 37
Copyright
Copyright © NIAB 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agrawal, I and Lal, MS (1985) Studies on variability in lentil germplasm in Madhya Pradesh, India. LENS Newsletter 12: 26–27.Google Scholar
Agrawal, SC, Khare, MN and Agarwal, PS (1976) Field screening of lentil lines for resistance to rust. Indian Phytopathology 29: 208.Google Scholar
Andrahennadi, CPI, Slinkard, AE and Vandenberg, A (1996) Ascochyta resistance in lentil. LENS Newsletter 23: 5–7.Google Scholar
Asthana, AN and Chandra, S (1997) Utilization of pulse germplasm in India. In: Asthana, AN and Ali, M (eds) Recent Advances in Pulses Research. Kanpur: Indian Society of Pulses Research, pp. 757–784.Google Scholar
Bayaa, B, Erskine, W and Singh, M (1997) Screening lentil for resistance to fusarium wilt: methodology and sources of resistance. Euphytica 98: 69–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chahota, RK and Sharma, SK (1993) Studies on genetic variability and component analysis in macrosperma and microsperma lentils. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 53: 411–417.Google Scholar
Chandra, S (1983) Kabuli chickpea and lentil in India. In: Sexana, MC and Verma, S (eds) Fababeans, Kabuli Chickpea and Lentils in the 1980's. Proceedings of an International Workshop at Aleppo. Aleppo, Syria: International Centre for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas, pp. 367–377.Google Scholar
Chhabra, KS (1981) Mechanism of insect-pest resistance in pulse crops. In: Gill, KS (ed.) Breeding Method for the Improvement of Pulse Crops. Ludhiana, India: Kalyani Publishers, pp. 142–160.Google Scholar
Chopra, N and Rajni, HR (1987) Resistance to different lentil varieties to attack of Bruchids lentis. LENS Newsletter 14: 23–27.Google Scholar
Dixit, P and Dubey, DK (1986) Chloro-mutations and seedling morphology mutations induced by separate and simultaneous application of gamma-rays and NMU in lentil. LENS Newsletter 13: 5–8.Google Scholar
FAO(2009) Agricultural-Production Yearbook. Rome, Italy: FAO, p. 58.Google Scholar
Fergueson, E, Morag Larry, and Robertson, D (1999) Morphological and phonological variation in the wild relatives of lentil. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 46: 3–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gaur, PM and Chaturvedi, SK (1994) Genetic options for managing biotic stresses in pulse crops. In: Masood Ali, , Singh, BB, Shiv Kumar, and Vishwa Dhar, (eds) Pulses in New Perspective. Kanpur: Indian Society of Pulses Research, pp. 91–111.Google Scholar
Gupta, D and Sharma, SK (2006) Evaluation of wild Lens taxa for agro-morphological traits, fungal diseases and moisture stress in North Western Indian Hills. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 53: 1233–1241.Google Scholar
Iqbal, SM, Bakhsh, A and Malik, RA (1990) Identification of resistance sources to ascochyta blight in lentil. LENS Newsletter 17: 26–27.Google Scholar
Kannaiyan, J and Nene, YL (1976) Reaction of lentil germplasm and cultivars against three root pathogens. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 46: 165–167.Google Scholar
Kapoor, S, Singh, G and Gill, AS (1990) Lentil lines resistant to ascochyta blight. LENS Newsletter 17: 26–28.Google Scholar
Khare, MN (1981) Diseases of lentil. In: Webb, C and Hawtin, G (eds) Lentils. England: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau International, pp. 163–172.Google Scholar
Khare, MN and Sharma, HC (1970) Field screening of lentil varieties against fusarium wilt. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences 41: 254–257.Google Scholar
Khare, MN, Agarwal, SC and Jain, AC (1979) Diseases of lentil and their control. Technical Bulletin. Jabalpur: JNKVV.Google Scholar
Khare, MN, Bayaa, B and Beniwa, B (1993) Selection method for disease resistance in lentil. In: Singh, KB and Saxena, MC (eds) Breeding for Stress Tolerance in Cool-Season Food Legumes. NY: John Wiley, pp. 107–121.Google Scholar
Khatri, HL and Singh, K (1975) Lentil blight – a new record for India. Labdev Journal of Science and Technology 13: 73–74.Google Scholar
Kishore, N and Gupta, VP (2002) Early generation selection in microsperma and macrosperma derived gene pool of lentil. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 62: 34–37.Google Scholar
Kumar, B, Mehra, KL and Sapra, RL (1983) Catalogue on Lentil (Indigenous Germplasm). Regional Station, Phagli, Shimla: NBPGR, p. 98.Google Scholar
Kumar, S, Sanjeev Gupta, , Suresh Chandra, and Singh, BB (2004) How wide is the genetic base of pulse crops. In: Masood Ali, , Singh, BB, Shiv Kumar, and Vishwa Dhar, (eds) Pulses in New Perspective. Kanpur: Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development, IIPR, pp. 211–221.Google Scholar
Kumar, V, Singh, BM, Singh, S and Sugha, SK (1997) Evaluation of lentil germplasm for resistance to rust. LENS Newsletter 24: 21–22.Google Scholar
Mahajan, RK, Sapra, RL, Srivastava, U, Singh, M and Sharma, GD (2000) Minimal Descriptors for Characterization and Evaluation of Agri-horticultural Crops, Part I. New Delhi: National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, p. 230.Google Scholar
Malik, SS, Srivastava, U, Tomar, JB, Bhandari, DC, Pandey, A, Hore, DK and Dikshit, N (2001) Plant germplasm and germplasm collection. In: Dhillon, BS, Varaprasad, KS, Srinivasan, K, Singh, M, Archak, S, Srivastava, U and Sharma, GD (eds) A Compendium of Achievements. New Delhi: NBPGR, pp. 31–68.Google Scholar
Mishra, RP (1973) Studies on powdery mildew of lentil (Erysiphe polygoni DC) in Madhya Pradesh. PKV Research Journal 2: 72–73.Google Scholar
Mishra, RP, Kotasthane, SR, Khare, MN, Gupta, O and Tiwari, SP (1985) Reaction of lentil varieties and exotic germplasm to rust (Uromyces fabea). LENS Newsletter 12: 25–27.Google Scholar
Mishra, SK, Sarker, A, Singh, BB, Basandrai, D and Basandrai, AK (2005) Slow rusting and its potential donors for resistance in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 65: 319–320.Google Scholar
Mohammad, A and Kumar, U (1986) Screening of lentil varieties against Ozononium texanum var. parasiticum and Sclerotium rolfsii causing wilt and collar rot. Indian Phytopathology 39: 93–95.Google Scholar
Muehlbauer, FJ (1993) Use of wild species as source of resistance in cool-season legume crops. In: Singh, KB and Saxena, MC (eds) Breeding for Stress Tolerance in Cool-season Food Legumes. Chickester: John Willey & Sons, pp. 359–372.Google Scholar
Muehlbauer, FJ, Kaiser, WJ, Clement, SL and Summerfield, RJ (1995) Production and breeding of lentil. Advances in Agronomy 54: 283–332.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nasir, M and Bretag, TW (1998) Reaction of lentil accessions from 25 different countries to Australian isolates of Ascochyta lentis. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 45: 297–299.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Negi, KS, Muneem, KC, Sapra, RL and Chande, KPS (1996) Catalogue on Lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) Germplasm. Regional Station Bhowali, Nainital: NBPGR.Google Scholar
Nene, YL (1988) Multiple diseaes resistance in grain legumes. Annual Reveiw of Phytopathology 26: 203–217.Google Scholar
Nene, YL, Kannaiyan, J and Saxena, GC (1975) Note on the performance of lentil varieties and germplasm culture against Uromyces fabea. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 45: 117–118.Google Scholar
Pandey, BP, Pandey, MP and Singh, JP (1980) Development of PL-406 lentil resistant to rust and wilt. LENS Newsletter 7: 34–37.Google Scholar
Pandey, A, Singh, DP and Singh, BB (1992) Evaluation of Indigenous Germplasm for Yield and Yield Components in Lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Research Bulletin no. 1. Faizabad: Narendra Dev University of Agriculture and Technology, p. 45.Google Scholar
Piergiovanni, AR, Laghetti, GG, Olita, M, Monti, G, Preiti, D and Prima, GD (1998) Screening for agronomic and biochemical traits in lentil germplasm collection. LENS Newsletter 12: 11–16.Google Scholar
Ramesh, B, Kumar, P and Kumar, B (2000) Genetic divergence for yield and its component traits in cultivated microsperma lentil (Lens culinaris Med.). Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 13: 123–126.Google Scholar
Ramgiry, SR, Paliwal, KK and Tomar, SK (1989) Variability and correlations of grain yield and other quantitative characters in lentil. LENS Newsletter 16: 19–21.Google Scholar
Reddy, MV and Vishwa Dhar, (1997) Disease resistance in major pulse crops. In: Asthana, AN and Ali Masood, (eds) Recent Advances in Pulse Research. Kanpur: Indian Society of Pulse Reseach, pp. 281–300.Google Scholar
Rodriguez, MM, Paredes, CM and Becerra, VV (1999) Isoenzymatic diversity of germplasm of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) naturalized in Chile. Agricultura Aecnica Santiago 59: 186–195.Google Scholar
Sandhu, TS and Malhotra, RS (1980) Objective and breeding approaches and achievements in lentil (L. culinaris Medik.). In: Gill, KS (ed.) Methods for the Improvement of Pulse Crops. Ludhiana: PAU, pp. 260–271.Google Scholar
Sapra, RL, Kumar, B and Mehra, KL (1984) Non-hierarchical cluster analysis in lentil. Lens Newsletter 11: 7–10.Google Scholar
Sardana, S, Gautam, NK, Kumar, D, Sapra, RL and Mithal, SK (1998) Genetic divergence in lentil germplasm. Indian Journal of Plant Genetic Resources 11: 25–30.Google Scholar
Sardana, S, Dhillon, BS, Singh Mahindra, and Mishra, SK (2005) Pulses germplasm: collection, conservation and utilization. In: Gurdial, Singh Sekhon, Harbhajan, singh and Jaspinder, Singh Kolar (eds) Pulses. Udaipur: Agrotech Publishing Academy, pp. 95–144.Google Scholar
Saxena, DR and Khare, MN (1988) Factors influencing vascular wilt of lentil. Indian Phytopathology 41: 69–74.Google Scholar
Sharma, SK and Chahota, RK (2000) Note on expression of heterosis in crosses with lentil mutants. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant breeding 60: 243–245.Google Scholar
Sharma, B and Kant, K (1975) Mutation studies in lentil (Lens culinaris). LENS Newsletter 2: 17–19.Google Scholar
Sharma, PC and Luthra, SK (1987) Genetic divergence of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Genetica Agraria 41: 349–359.Google Scholar
Sharma, SK and Sharma, B (1978 a) Induced variability for pod and seed size in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.). Current Science 47: 806–807.Google Scholar
Sharma, SK and Sharma, B (1978 b) Induction of tendril mutation in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.). Current Science 47: 864–866.Google Scholar
Sharma, SK and Sharma, B (1981 a) NMU-induced dwarf mutations in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.). Science and Culture 47: 230–232.Google Scholar
Sharma, SK and Sharma, B (1981 b) Induced chlorophyll mutations in lentil. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 41: 328–333.Google Scholar
Sharma, RP and Yadav, RP (1993) Response of lentil varieties to the incidence of bean aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) and its predatory coccinellids. LENS Newsletter 20: 60–62.Google Scholar
Sharma, SK, Chahota, RK and Lal Chuni, (1995) Genetic diversity and agronomic evaluation of microsperma and macrosperma lentils. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 42: 217–222.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sharma, SK, Dawson, IK and Waugh, R (1995) Relationship among cultivated and wild lentils revealed by RAPD analysis. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 91: 647–654.Google Scholar
Sharma, SK, Knox, MR and Ellis, THN (1996) AFLP analysis of the diversity and phylogeny of Lens and its comparison with RAPD analysis. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 93: 751–758.Google Scholar
Shaw, FJF and Bose, R (1929) Studies in Indian pulses. Lentil (Ervum lens Linn.) Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture India. Botanical Series XVI: 189.Google Scholar
Shukla, P (1984) Screening of lentil germplasm against Uromyces fabae. Indian Journal of Mycology and Plant Pathology 14: 89–90.Google Scholar
Singh, B (1988) Induced mutations in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.) PhD Thesis, Meerut University, Meerut.Google Scholar
Singh, DP (1991) Lentils in India – Genetics and Breeding of Pulse Crops. Ludhiana: Kalyani Publishers, pp. 217–238.Google Scholar
Singh, B and Rana, RS (1993) Genetic resources of lentil in India. In: Erskine, W and Saxena, MC (eds) Lentil in South Asia. Aleppo, Syria: ICARDA, pp. 11–21.Google Scholar
Singh, B and Rana, RS (2006) Pulses germplasm collection and enhancement at NBPGR: present accomplishments and future prospects. In: Asthana, AN and Ali Masood, (eds) Recent Advances in Pulses Research. Kanpur: Indian Society of Pulses Research and Development, Indian Institute of Pulses Research, pp. 743–755.Google Scholar
Singh, K and Sandhu, RS (1988) Screening cultivars of lentil for resistance to rust. LENS Newsletter 15: 28–29.Google Scholar
Singh, JP and Singh, IS (1990) Screening of lentil for resistance to rust. Indian Journal of Pulses Research 3: 132–135.Google Scholar
Singh, DP and Singh, BB (1991) Evaluation of exotic germplasm in lentil. Narendra Deva Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 304–306.Google Scholar
Singh, BB and Singh, DP (1993) Evaluation of lentil germplasm in Uttar Pradesh (Lens culinaris). LENS Newsletter 20: 11–12.Google Scholar
Singh, JP and Singh, IS (1994) Evaluation of lentil germplasm for plant type, initial flowering and disease resistance (Lens culinaris). LENS Newsletter 21: 5–7.Google Scholar
Singh, BB, Singh, DB, Maurya, DM, Rai, OP and Gupta, RP (1977) Development of high yielding, bold seeded, rust and wilt resistant lentil cultivar, Narendra Masoor 1 for Uttar Pradesh, India. Lens Newsletter 24: 52–53.Google Scholar
Singh, GK, Singh, K, Gill, AS and Brar, JS (1982) Screening of lentil varieties/lines for blight resistance. Indian Phytopathology 35: 678–679.Google Scholar
Singh, IS, Singh, JP, Singh, AK and Chauhan, MP (1994) Plant lentil: a high yielding, rust, wilt and blight resistant variety for the North-western Plains of India. LENS Newsletter 21: 8–9.Google Scholar
Sinha, RP and Chaudhary, SK (1991) Induced co-dominant mutation for dwarfism in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.). Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 51: 370–371.Google Scholar
Solanki, IS (2005) Isolation of macro-mutations and mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency in lentil (Lens culinaris Medic.). Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 65: 264–268.Google Scholar
Solanki, IS and Sharma, B (2001 a) Differential behaviour of polygenic characters to mutagenic treatments and selection in macrosperma. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant breeding 61: 242–245.Google Scholar
Solanki, IS and Sharma, B (2001 b) Early generation selection of polygenic mutations in lentil. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 61: 330–334.Google Scholar
Solanki, IS and Sharma, B (2002) Induced polygenic variability in different groups of mutagenic damage in lentil. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 62: 135–139.Google Scholar
Solanki, IS, Kapoor, AC and Singh, U (1999) Nutritional parameters and yield evaluation of newly developed genotypes of lentil (Lens culinaris Med). Plant Food for Human Nutrition 54: 79–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sugha, SK, Singh, BM and Sharma, SK (1991) Performance of lentil varieties/lines against blight. LENS Newsletter 18: 34–35.Google Scholar
Swarup, I and Lal, MS (1987) Performance of bold seeded lentil in Madhya Pradesh. LENS Newsletter 14: 10–11.Google Scholar
Thakur, HK and Bajpai, GC (1993) Characterization of lentil germplasm for phenological and yield characters. Indian Journal of Pulses Research 6: 89–91.Google Scholar
Tickoo, JL, Sharma, B, Mishra, SK and Dikshit, HK (2009) Lentil (Lens culinaris) in India: present status and future prerspectives. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 75: 539–562.Google Scholar
Tiwari, AS and Singh, BR (1980) Evaluation of lentil germplasm. LENS Newsletter 7: 20–22.Google Scholar
Tullu, A, Kushmenoglu, I, McPhee, KE and Muehlbauer, FJ (2001) Characterization of core collection of lentil germplasm for phenology, morphology, seed and straw yields. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 48: 143–162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tyagi, BS and Gupta, PK (1991) Induced macromutations in lentil. LENS Newsletter 18: 3–7.Google Scholar
Vandana, A, Tripathy, RK and Dubey, DK (1994) Frequency and spectrum of mutations induced by EMS and DES in lentil var. K-85. LENS Newsletter 21: 16–18.Google Scholar
Vir, Om and Gupta, VP (2000) Cross-over and non-crossover and regression analysis for seed yield and other traits in macrosperma and microsperma derived gene pool in lentil. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 60: 335–340.Google Scholar
Vishnu-Mittrre, A (1974) The beginning of agriculture – paleobotanical evidence in India. In: Hutchinson, JB (ed.) Evolutionary Studied on World Crops: Diversity and Change in the Sub-Continent. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Ye, G, McNell, DL and Hill, GD (2002) Breeding for resistance to lentil ascochyta blight. Plant Breeding 121: 185–191.Google Scholar
Zohary, D (1972) The wild progenitors and place of origin of the cultivated lentil. Economic Botany 26: 326–332.Google Scholar