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The Allegory of the Christ-Knight in Piers Plowman

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2020

Wilbur Gaffney*
Affiliation:
North Dakota State College

Extract

One of the allegorical motifs in the Vision of Piers Plowman which has often been specially noted on account of its boldness and picturesqueness is the description of Christ jousting against Satan upon the Cross clad in armor and embodying the chivalric virtues.

Type
Research Article
Information
PMLA , Volume 46 , Issue 1 , March 1931 , pp. 155 - 168
Copyright
Copyright © Modern Language Association of America, 1931

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References

page 155 note 1 B-text xvi, 90–96, 100–102, 160–166.

page 155 note 2 B-text xviii, 18–28.

page 155 note 3 B-text xviii, 60–65.

page 155 note 4 B-text xix, 6–14.

page 155 note 5 Rel. Lyrics of the XIV Cent., ed. Carleton Brown, p. 67, lines 9–14.

page 155 note 6 Ibid., pp. 63–64, lines 43–90.

page 155 note 7 Nouveau Recueil de Contes, Dits, Fabliaux, et autres Poésie inédits des XIII e, XIV e, et XV e Siècles pour faire suite aux collections Legrand D'Aussi, Barbezon, et Meon, mis au jour pour le premier fois, par Achille Jubinal. ii, 309.

page 155 note 8 Pierre de Langtoft's Chronicle, ed. by T. Wright, Rolls Series (Chronicles and Memorials of the History of Great Britain). Appendix ii, pp. 426–436.

page 155 note 9 Abbé de La Rue, Essais historiques sur les Bardes, etc., iii, 236, as noted by Meyer, loc. cit. infra.

page 155 note 10 Paul Meyer, “Notice et Extraits du MS. 8336 de la Bibliothèque de Sir Thomas Phillipps à Cheltenham,” Romania, xiii (1884), pp. 506–507.

page 155 note 11 P. Meyer, op. cit., pp. 530–1.

page 155 note 12 Note the occurrence of this detail in the summary of Bozon above.

page 155 note 13 Les Contes Moralisées de Nicole Bozon, L. T. Smith and Paul Meyer; (Soc. Anc. Textes Françaises, 1889). Pp. xlii–xliv.

page 155 note 14 B. Hauréau, Notices et extraits des mss., XXXII, deuxième partie, 281–2. [Meyer's note.] The Latin texts are also printed by Hauréau in Notices et extraits de quelques MSS latins, iv, (1892) 25–26.

page 155 note 15 Bist. littéraire, xxi, 174–80. [Meyer's note.]

page 155 note 16 Ibid., xxvii, 102–4. [Meyer's note.]

page 155 note 17 Printed from this MS. by T. Wright, A Selection of Latin Stories, etc., Percy Soc. viii, p. 132–3. For a list of the contents of Harl. 219 see J. A. Herbert, Catalogue of Romances in the Dept. of MSS, in the Brit. Mus., iii, 50 ff. Fables of Odo in this MS. include considerable expansions of the more authentic collections, and accordingly Odo may not be the author of the allegory here quoted. A literal translation of this version exists in B.M. MS. Addit. 9066 of the English Gesta Romanorum, (printed in the EETS ed., pp. 23–26—second version).

page 155 note 18 Wright prints “aporteret.”

page 155 note 19 B. Hauréau, Notices et Extraits de quelques MSS. latins de la Bibl. Nat., V (1892), 152

page 155 note 20 Gesta Rom. Innsbruck MS. 177 (dated 1342); also Egerton MS. 2258, f. 57 (J. A. Herbert, Cat. Romances in Dept. of MSS. Brit. Mus., iii, 247), Addit. MS. 21340, f. 40 (Herbert, op. cit., iii, 240), Addit. MS. 10291, Art. 32 (A German version—see Herbert, iii, 264). This story is also included in MS. Royal 15, D.v. of the Alphabetum Narrationum (see Herbert, iii, 445).

page 155 note 21 So in the English Gesta in Harley 7333 (ed. EETS, Ex. Ser. xxxiii, 23–26); and in the following Latin MSS.: Royal 8.F.vi, f. 35 (Herbert iii, 226), Sloane 4029, f. 17b (Herbert iii, 223), Addit. 33784, f. 27b (Herbert iii, 218), Harley 206, f. 79b (Herbert iii, 227), Harley 2270, f. 14b (Herbert iii, 214), Harley 3132, f. 10 (Herbert iii, 228), Harley 5259, f. 13 (Herbert iii, 200), Harley 5369, f. 48 (Herbert iii, 192). From the Gesta, evidently, the story of the bloody shirt was taken over as an exemplum for Passion Sunday in the “expanded” Northern Homily Collection (Vernon MS. f. 185a (col. 3); ed C. Horstmann, Herrig's Archiv lvii, 274–5).

page 155 note 22 The Ancren Riwle, ed. James Morton, Camden Soc., 1853, pp. 389–93.

page 155 note 23 For a discussion of theological opinion in regard to the Devil's ignorance of the Incarnation and his attempts to prevent the Crucifixion after he learned the truth see Dr. Beatrice Daw Brown, Southern Passion, EETS 169, pp. lxxii–lxxiv.

page 155 note 24 The precise date of the composition of Bozon's poem cannot be fixed, but Phillipps MS. 8336, in which it is contained, passed later into the possession of Friar William de Herebert, who died at Hereford in 1333 (cf. Carleton Brown, Rel. Lyrics of XIV cent., p. xiii). Bozon's poem, therefore, must in all probability have been composed as early as 1320.

page 155 note 25 Minor Poems of John Lydgate, Ed. H. N. MacCracken, EETS, p. 219, stanza 8.

page 155 note 26 Ibid., p. 251.

page 155 note 27 Towneley Plays, EETS, Ext. Ser. lxxi, p. 261.

page 155 note 28 York Mystery Plays, Ed. L. Toulmin Smith, p. 424, ll. 95–109.

page 155 note 29 (Univ. of North Carolina) Studies in Philology xv (1918) 223 ff.

page 155 note 30 Ibid., p. 246.