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Existing Approaches to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Education and Training for Health Professionals: Findings from an Integrative Literature Review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 February 2018

Mayumi Kako ,
Karen Hammad ,
Satoko Mitani  and
Paul Arbon
Mayumi Kako*
Affiliation:
Flinders University, Torrens Resilience Institute, Adelaide, Australia
Karen Hammad
Affiliation:
Flinders University, Torrens Resilience Institute, Adelaide, Australia
Satoko Mitani
Affiliation:
Gifu University of Medical Science, Seki City Gifu, Japan
Paul Arbon
Affiliation:
Flinders University, Torrens Resilience Institute, Adelaide, Australia
*
Correspondence: Mayumi Kako, PhD, RN Flinders University Torrens Resilience Institute GPO Box 2001 Adelaide, 5001, Australia E-mail: Mayumi.kako@flinders.edu.au
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Abstract

Objectives

This review was conducted to explore the literature to determine the availability, content, and evaluation of existing chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) education programs for health professionals.

Methods

An integrative review of the international literature describing disaster education for CBRN (2004-2016) was conducted. The following relevant databases were searched: Proquest, Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, Journals @ OVID, Google Scholar, Medline, and Ichuschi ver. 5 (Japanese database for health professionals). The search terms used were: “disaster,” “chemical,” “biological,” “radiological,” “nuclear,” “CBRN,” “health professional education,” and “method.” The following Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms, “education,” “nursing,” “continuing,” “disasters,” “disaster planning,” and “bioterrorism,” were used wherever possible and appropriate. The retrieved articles were narratively analyzed according to availability, content, and method. The content was thematically analyzed to provide an overview of the core content of the training.

Results

The literature search identified 619 potentially relevant articles for this study. Duplicates (n=104) were removed and 87 articles were identified for title review. In total, 67 articles were discarded, yielding 20 articles for all-text review, following 11 studies were retained for analysis, including one Japanese study. All articles published in English were from the USA, apart from the two studies located in Japan and Sweden. The most typical content in the selected literature was CBRN theory (n=11), followed by studies based on incident command (n=8), decontamination (n=7), disaster management (n=7), triage (n=7), personal protective equipment (PPE) use (n = 5), and post-training briefing (n=3).

Conclusion

While the CBRN training course requires the participants to gain specific skills and knowledge, proposed training courses should be effectively constructed to include approaches such as scenario-based simulations, depending on the participants’ needs.

KakoM, HammadK, MitaniS, ArbonP. Existing Approaches to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear (CBRN) Education and Training for Health Professionals: Findings from an Integrative Literature Review. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2018;33(2):182–190.

Keywords

CBRN disastereducationintegrative reviewmethods
Type
Comprehensive Reviews
Information
Prehospital and Disaster Medicine , Volume 33 , Issue 2 , April 2018 , pp. 182 - 190
Copyright
© World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine 2018 

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Footnotes

Conflicts of interest/funding: There are no conflicts of interest for this manuscript. This project was supported by Flinders University, the College of Nursing and Health Sciences (Adelaide, Australia), Start-up grant in 2013-14.

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