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Sunspot observation by the cooperation of amateur astronomers and researchers in Japan in early 20th century as early citizen science program

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2021

Harufumi Tamazawa Open the ORCID record for Harufumi Tamazawa [Opens in a new window]
Harufumi Tamazawa*
Affiliation:
Fucalty of Fine Arts, Kyoto City University of Arts, 13-6 Kutsukake-cho, Oe, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 610-1197 Japan Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University, Yoshida Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan email: tamazawa@kwasan.kyoto-u.ac.jp
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Abstract

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The development of astronomy has been developed by the cooperation of amateur astronomers and researchers. Sunspot observation is a good example of Extreme citizen science in early days. Issei YAMAMOTO (1889–1959), organized “Oriental Astronomical Association (OAA),” Yamamoto’s materials (now in Kwasan observatory) include solar observation data sent from many observers in Japan. From the viewpoint of today’s Citizen Science, collaborative observation of sunspot between researchers of solar physics and amateur astronomers in Japan has clearly a context of social mission rather than mere academic interest. From the viewpoint of science communication, we can see that Yamamoto’s call includes a social mission to promote astronomy in Japan, and that amateurs responded to Yamamoto’s call by participating in the observation network. It can be said that this collaboration have not only “cultural” aspect but also “civic”or “practical” aspect.

Keywords

history and philosophy of astronomysunspots
Type
Research Article
Information
Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union , Volume 15 , Symposium S367: Education and Heritage in the Era of Big Data in Astronomy , December 2019 , pp. 336 - 338
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of International Astronomical Union

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