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Bronze Age Woollen Textile Production in England: A Consideration of Evidence and Potentials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2021

Mark Haughton ,
Marie Louise Stig Sørensen  and
Lise Bender Jørgensen
Mark Haughton
Affiliation:
Cambridge Archaeological Unit, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK. Emails: mh850@cam.ac.uk; mlss@cam.ac.uk
Marie Louise Stig Sørensen
Affiliation:
Cambridge Archaeological Unit, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Downing St., Cambridge CB2 3DZ, UK. Emails: mh850@cam.ac.uk; mlss@cam.ac.uk
Lise Bender Jørgensen
Affiliation:
NTNU - The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Historical and Classical Studies, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Abstract

Responding to recent advances in knowledge about the first arrival of woollen sheep in Europe and linked investigations of textile remains on the Continent, this paper argues that our insight into the role of wool in the English Bronze Age needs rethinking. We argue that the relevant questions are: when did the procurement of and working with wool become a routine aspect of settlement life, and did the change from plant fibres to wool affect communities differently? The paper outlines some of the core research questions we need to consider and points to the necessity of triangulating between the evidence provided by textiles, faunal remains, and textile working tools to reach more comprehensive insights. The paper ends by indicating a further research question – namely whether the apparent differences in the ‘wool economy’ in different parts of Bronze Age Europe may suggest differences in ‘body politics’.

Résumé

RÉSUMÉ

Production de tissu de laine à l’âge du Bronze en Angleterre: etude de temoinage et de potential, de Mark Haughton, Marie Louise Stig Sørensen, et Lise Bender Jørgensen

En reponse à de récentes avancées dans notre connaissance de la prèmière arrivée des moutons à laine en Europe et des investigation qui y sont reliées de vestiges de textiles sur le continent, cet article argumente que notre connaisance du rôle de la laine dans l’âge du bronze anglais a besoin d’être repensée. Nous argumentons que les questions appropriées sont: quand l’achat et le travail de la laine sont-ils devenus un aspect routinier de la vie de l’occupation et est-ce-que le pasage des fibres végétales à la laine a eu des effets divers sur les communautés. L’article souligne certaines des questions fondamentales que nous avons besoin d’examiner et indique la nécessité d’une triangulation entre les témoinages fournis par les textiles, restes de faune et outils pour le travail du textile pour arriver à une compréhension plus complète. L’article se termine en indiquant une question de recherche supplémentaire, à savoir si les différences qui apparaissent dans l’économie de la laine dans diverses parties d’Europe de l’âge du Bronze pouvaient indiquer des différences dans les milieux politiques.

Zusammenfassung

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Bronzezeitliche Produktion von Wolltextilien in England: Eine Betrachtung von Belegen und Möglichkeiten, von Mark Haughton, Marie Louise Stig Sørensen, und Lise Bender Jørgensen

Als Reaktion auf die jüngsten Fortschritte in unserem Wissen über die erste Ankunft von Wollschafen in Europa und die damit verbundenen Untersuchungen von textilen Überresten auf dem Kontinent argumentiert dieser Aufsatz, dass unser Verständnis der Rolle von Wolle in der englischen Bronzezeit überdacht werden muss. Wir argumentieren, dass die relevanten Fragen lauten: Wann wurde die Beschaffung und die Bearbeitung von Wolle zu einem Routineaspekt des Siedlungslebens? Hatte der Wechsel von Pflanzenfasern zu Wolle unterschiedliche Auswirkungen auf die Gemeinschaften? Der Beitrag skizziert einige der zentralen Forschungsfragen, die wir berücksichtigen müssen, und weist auf die Notwendigkeit hin, zwischen den Erkenntnissen, die Textilien, tierische Überreste und Werkzeuge zur Textilverarbeitung ermöglichen, zu triangulieren, um zu umfassenderen Ergebnissen zu gelangen. Der Beitrag endet mit dem Hinweis auf eine weitere Forschungsfrage – nämlich, ob die offensichtlichen Unterschiede in der ‚Wollwirtschaft‘ in verschiedenen Teilen Europas in der Bronzezeit auf Unterschiede in der ‚Körperpolitik‘ hindeuten können.

Resumen

RESUMEN

Producción textil de lana durante la Edad del Bronce en Inglaterra: una reflexión de la evidencia y potenciales, por Mark Haughton, Marie Louise Stig Sørensen, y Lise Bender Jørgensen

En respuesta a los recientes avances en el conocimiento sobre la introducción de las ovejas de lana en Europa y las investigaciones relacionadas con estos restos textiles en el continente, este artículo sostiene que nuestra comprensión del papel de la lana en la Edad del Bronce inglesa necesita ser reevaluado. Sostenemos que las cuestiones relevantes son las referentes a ¿cuándo el abastecimiento y el trabajo de la lana llegan a ser un aspecto rutinario en los asentamientos, y cómo afectó el cambio de las fibras vegetales a la lana a las comunidades? Este artículo describe algunas de las preguntas de investigación fundamentales que necesitamos considerar y señala la necesidad de valorar la evidencia aportada por los textiles, los restos faunísticos y los útiles relacionados con la producción textil, con el objetivo de alcanzar un conocimiento completo. Este artículo acaba señalando una pregunta de investigación adicional sobre si las aparentes diferencias de la economía de la lana en las distintas partes de Europa durante la Edad del Bronce pueden sugerir diferencias en la ‘política corporal’.

Keywords

EnglandBronze Agetextilefaunasheepspindle whorlsloom weights
Type
Research Article
Information
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society , Volume 87 , December 2021 , pp. 173 - 188
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Prehistoric Society

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