Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-21T12:07:13.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Age of onset in bipolar affective disorder and misdiagnosis as schizophrenia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2009

Peter R. Joyce
Peter R. Joyce*
Affiliation:
Sunnyside Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
*
1Address for correspondence: Dr Peter Joyce Department of Psychological Medicine, The Princess Margaret Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Synopsis

The age of onset in bipolar affective disorder was determined in 200 hospitalized patients. The mean age of their first affective syndrome was 28·3 years, and the mean age of first hospitalization was 30·8 years. However, the median age for first affective syndrome was 23 years (26 years for first hospitalization), and the most common age of onset was 15–19 years. Those patients with an early onset, especially if they were first hospitalized for mania, were most likely to have received a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Type
Research Article
Information
Psychological Medicine , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , February 1984 , pp. 145 - 149
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abrams, R. & Taylor, M. A. (1981). Importance of schizophrenic symptoms in the diagnosis of mania. American Journal of Psychiatry 318, 658–661.Google Scholar
Ballenger, J. C., Reus, V. I. & Post, R. M. (1982). The ‘atypical’ clinical picture of adolescent mania. American Journal of Psychiatry 139, 602–606.Google ScholarPubMed
Baron, M., Klotz, J., Mendlewicz, J. & Rainer, J. (1981). Multiple-threshold transmission of affective disorders. Archives of General Psychiatry 38, 79–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brockington, I. F., Wainwright, S. & Kendell, R. E. (1980). Manic patients with schizophrenic or paranoid symptoms. Psychological Medicine 10, 73–83.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carlson, G. A. & Strober, M. (1978). Manic-depressive illness in early adolescence. Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry 17, 138–153.Google Scholar
Carpenter, W. T. & Stephens, J. N. (1980). The diagnosis of mania. In Mania: An Evolving Concept (ed. Belmaker, R. H. and van Praag, H. M.), pp 7–24. MTP Press: Lancaster.Google Scholar
Dunner, D. L. & Rosenthal, N. E. (1979). Schizoaffective states. The Psychiatric Clinics of North America 2, 441–448.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edelstein, P., Schultz, J. R., Hirschowitz, J., Kanter, D. R. & Garver, D. L. (1981). Physostigmine and lithium response in schizophrenias. American Journal of Psychiatry 138, 1078–1081.Google Scholar
Kane, J., Struve, F. A., Weinhold, P. & Woerner, M. (1980). Strategy for the study of patients at high risk for tardive dyskinesia. American Journal of Psychiatry 137, 1265–1267.Google Scholar
Kraepelin, E. (1921). Manic-depressive Insanity and Paranoia. Livingstone: Edinburgh.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leonhard, K., Korff, I. & Schulz, H. (1962). Temperament in families with monopolar and bipolar phasic psychoses. Psychiatria et Neurologica 143, 416.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loranger, A. W. & Levine, P. M. (1978). Age at onset of bipolar affective illness. Archives of General Psychiatry 35, 1345–1348.Google Scholar
Petterson, U. (1977). Manic-depressive illness: a clinical, social and genetic study. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica Suppl. 269.Google Scholar
Pope, H. G. & Lipinski, J. F. (1978). Diagnosis in schizophrenia and manic-depressive illness: a reassessment of the specificity of ‘schizophrenic’ symptoms in the light of current research. Archives of General Psychiatry 35, 811–828.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pope, H. G., Lipinski, J. F., Cohen, B. M. & Axelrod, D. T. (1980). ‘Schizoaffective disorder’: an invalid diagnosis? A comparison of schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia, and affective disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry 137, 921–927.Google ScholarPubMed
Rosenbaum, K. M., Niven, R. G., Hanson, H. P. & Swanson, D. W. (1977). Tardive dyskinesia: relationship with primary affective disorder. Diseases of the Nervous System 38, 423–426.Google Scholar
Roth, M. & Barnes, T. R. E. (1981). The classification of affective disorders: a synthesis of old and new concepts. Comprehensive Psychiatry 22, 54–77.Google Scholar
Rush, M., Diamond, F. & Alpert, M. (1982). Depression as a risk factor in tardive dyskinesia. Biological Psychiatry 17, 387–392.Google Scholar
Sachar, E. J. & Baron, M. (1979). The biology of affective disorders. Annual Review of Neuroscience 2, 505–518.Google Scholar
Targum, S. D. (1983). Neuroendocrine dysfunction in schizophreniform disorder: Correlation with six-month clinical outcome. American Journal of Psychiatry 140, 309–313.Google Scholar
Taylor, M. A. & Abrams, R. (1980). Reassessing the bipolar–unipolar dichotomy. Journal of Affective Disorders 2, 195–217.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Winokur, G., Clayton, P. J. & Reich, T. (1969). Manic-depressive Illness. C. V Mosby: St Louis.Google Scholar