Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T03:57:09.588Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

A Middle Wisconsin Pollen Record from Hay Lake, Arizona

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Bonnie Fine Jacobs
Bonnie Fine Jacobs*
Affiliation:
Southern Methodist University, Shuler Museum of Paleontology, Institute for the Study of Earth and Man, Dallas, Texas 75275
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The lower part of a 5-m core from Hay Lake (34°N, 109° 25′W) at 2780 m in east-central Arizona provides a pollen record for the middle Wisconsin. Identification of fossil pines is based on a key modified from Hansen and Cushing (1973, Geological Society of America Bulletin 84, 1181–1200). Pinus edulis and P. monophylla are similar in size and morphology but are significantly different from P. flexilis. Haploxylon pines dominate the pollen record. The abundance of pinyon pines during the middle Wisconsin is interpreted as indicating that this group was widespread at lower elevations. The local vegetation was mixed conifer forest consisting of Picea, P. aristata, P. flexilis and/or P. strobiformis, and with P. ponderosa and/or P. contorta after about 26,000 yr B.P. Tree line was above the elevation of Hay Lake. The middle Wisconsin climate is inferred to have been cooler than today and is marked by more available moisture that permitted pinyon pines to grow at low elevations.

Type
Research Article
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 24 , Issue 1 , July 1985 , pp. 121 - 130
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adam, D.P. Byrne, R. Luther, E. (1981). A late Pleistocene and Holocene pollen record from Laguna de las Trancas, northern coastal Santa Cruz County, California Madroño 28, 255–272 Google Scholar
Bailey, D.K. (1970). Phytogeography and taxonomy of Pinus subsection Balfourianae Annals of the Missouri Botanic Garden 57, 210–249 Google Scholar
Baker, R.G. Richmond, G.M. (1978). Geology, palynology, and climatic significance of two pre-Pinedale lake sediment sequences in and near Yellowstone National Park Quaternary Research 10, 226–240 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bent, A.M. Wright, H.E. (1963). Pollen analyses of surface materials and lake sediments from the Chuska Mountains, New Mexico Geological Society of America Bulletin 74, 491–500 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Betancourt, J.L. Davis, O.K. (1984). Packrat middens from Canyon de Chelly, northeastern Arizona: Paleoecological and archaeological implications Quaternary Research 21, 56–64 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Betancourt, J.L. Van Devender, T.R. (1981). Holocene vegetation in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico Science (Washington, D.C.) 214, 656–658 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birks, H.J.B. Birks, H.H. (1980). Quaternary Paleoecology Arnold London Google Scholar
Brunner, C.A. (1982). Paleoceanography of surface waters in the Gulf of Mexico during the late Quaternary Quaternary Research 17, 105–119 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryson, R.A. (1957). The annual march of precipitation in Arizona, New Mexico, and northwestern Mexico Technical Reports on the Meteorology and Climatology of Arid Regions, No. 6 Institute of Atmospheric Physics, University of Arizona Tucson Google Scholar
Bryson, R.A. Lowry, W.P. (1955). Synoptic climatology of the Arizona summer precipitation singularity Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 36, 329–339 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clisby, K.H. Sears, P.B. (1956). San Augustin Plains—Pleistocene climate changes Science (Washington, D.C.) 124, 527–539 Google Scholar
Cole, K.L. (1981). Late Quaternary Environments in the Eastern Grand Canyon: Vegetational Gradients over the Last 25,000 Years Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation University of Arizona Google Scholar
Critchfield, W.B. (1977). Hybridization of foxtail and bristlecone pines Madroño 24, 193–244 Google Scholar
Daubenmire, R.F. (1943). Vegetation zonation in the Rocky Mountains The Botanical Review 9, 326–393 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daubenmire, R.F. (1974). Plants and Environment: A Textbook of Plant Autecology Wiley New York Google Scholar
Douglas, A.V. Fritts, H.C. (1973). Tropical Cyclones of the Eastern Northern Pacific and Their Effects on the Climate of the Western United States: A Study of Circulation Features That May Be Recorded by Tree-Rings U.S. Department of Commerce, Environmental Data Service University of Arizona Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Final Report NOAA Contract 1-35241. Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Douglas, A.V. Fritts, H.C. (1974). Cutoff Lows in the Southwestern United States and Their Effects on the Precipitation of This Region. A Study of Circulation Features That May Be Recorded by Tree-Rings U.S. Department of Commerce, Environmental Data Service University of Arizona Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, Final Report NOAA Contract 1-35241, No. 3, Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
Dreimanis, A. Raukas, A. (1975). Did Middle Wisconsin, Middle Weichselian and their equivalence represent an interglacial or an interstadial complex in the Northern Hemisphere? Suggate, R.P. Cresswell, M.M. Quaternary Studies Royal Society of New Zealand Wellington 109–120 Google Scholar
Efford, R.C. (1970). The climate of California Climates of the States Vol. 2 NOAA Department of Commerce, Water Information Center, Inc 538–594 Port Washington, New YorkGoogle Scholar
Faegri, K. Iversen, J. 3rd ed. 1975 Textbook of Pollen Analysis Hafner New York Google Scholar
Hales, J.E. Jr. (1974). Southwestern United States summer monsoon source—Gulf of Mexico or Pacific Ocean? Journal of Applied Meteorology 13, 331–342 Google Scholar
Hansen, B.S. Cushing, H.J. (1973). Identification of pine pollen of late Quaternary age from the Chuska Mountains, New Mexico Geological Society of America Bulletin 84, 1181–1200 Google Scholar
Harris, A.M. (1977). Wisconsin age environments in the northern Chihuahuan Desert: Evidence from the higher vertebrates Weaver, R.H. Riskind, D.D. Transactions of the Symposium on the Biological Resources of the Chihuahuan Desert Region. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Transactions and Proceedings Series, No. 3.23–52 Google Scholar
Hastings, J.R. Turner, R.M. (1965). Seasonal precipitation regimes in Baja California, Mexico Geografiska Annaler 47, 204–223 Google Scholar
Hevly, R.H. (1968). Studies of the modern pollen rain in northern Arizona Journal of the Arizona Academy of Sciences 5, 116–127 Google Scholar
Jacobs, B.F. (1983). Past Vegetation and Climate of the Mogollon Rim Area, Arizona Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation University of Arizona Google Scholar
Kennett, J.P. Huddlestun, P. (1972). Late Pleistocene paleoclimatology, foraminiferal biostratigraphy and tephrochronology, western Gulf of Mexico Quaternary Research 2, 38–69 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Larsen, J.A. (1974). Ecology of the northern continental forest border Ives, J. Barry, R.G. Arctic and Alpine Environments Methuen New York 341–369 Google Scholar
Little, E.L. Jr. (1971). Atlas of U.S. Trees Vol. 1 “Conifers and Important Hardwoods.” USDA Forest Service Miscellaneous Publications 1146Google Scholar
Maher, L.J. Jr. (1963). Pollen analyses of surfaces materials from the southern San Juan Mountains, Colorado Geological Society of America Bulletin 74, 1485–1504 Google Scholar
Markgraf, V. (1980). Pollen dispersal in a mountain area Grana 19, 127–146 Google Scholar
Martin, P.S. (1963). Geochronology of pluvial Lake Cochise, southeastern Arizona. II. Pollen analysis of a 42-meter core Ecology 44, 436–444 Google Scholar
Mehringer, P.J. (1967). Pollen analysis of the Tule Springs area, Nevada Nevada State Museum Anthropological Papers 13, 129–200 Google Scholar
Mitchell, V.L. (1976). The regionalization of climate in the western United States Journal of Applied Meteorology 15, 920–927 Google Scholar
Peet, R. (1978). Latitudinal variation in southern Rocky Mountain forests Journal of Biogeography 5, 275–289 Google Scholar
Phillips, A.M. (1977). Packrats, Plants and the Pleistocene in the Lower Grand Canyon Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation University of Arizona Google Scholar
Pyke, C.B. (1972). Some Meteorological Aspects of the Seasonal Distribution of Precipitation in the Western U.S. and Baja California University of California Water Resources Center Contribution No. 139Google Scholar
Reitan, C.H. (1960). Distribution of precipitable water vapor over the continental United States Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 41, 79–87 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sellers, W.D. (1960). Precipitation trends in Arizona and western New Mexico Proceedings, 28th Annual Meeting, Western Snow Conference Santa Fe, New Mexico Colorado State University Fort Collins 81–94 Google Scholar
Sellers, W.D. Hill, R.H. (1974). Arizona Climate 1931–1972 Univ. of Arizona Press Tucson Google Scholar
Shackleton, N.J. Opdyke, N.D. (1976). Oxygenisotope and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of Pacific core V28-239: Late Pliocene to latest Pleistocene Geological Society of America Memoirs 145, 449–464 Google Scholar
Solomon, A.M. Blasing, T.J. Solomon, J.A. (1982). Interpretation of floodplain pollen in alluvial sediments from an arid region Quaternary Research 18, 52–71 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinhoff, R.J. Andresen, J.W. (1971). Geographic variation in Pinus flexilis and Pinus strobiformis and its bearing on their taxonomic status Silvae Genetica 20, 159–167 Google Scholar
Street, F.A. Grove, A.T. (1979). Global maps of lake-level fluctuations since 30,000 years B.P. Quaternary Research 12, 83–118 Google Scholar
Thompson, R.S. Van Devender, T.R. Martin, P.S. Foppe, T. Long, A. (1980). Shasta ground sloth (Nothrotheriops shastense Hoffstetter) at Shelter Cave, New Mexico: Environment, diet, and extinction Quaternary Research 14, 360–376 Google Scholar
Van Devender, T.R. Spaulding, W.G. (1979). Development of vegetation and climate in the southwestern United States Science (Washington, D.C.) 204, 701–710 Google Scholar
Webb, T. III Howe, S.E. Bradshaw, R.H.W. Heide, K.M. (1981). Estimating plant abundances from pollen assemblages: The use of regression analysis Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 34, 269–300 Google Scholar
Wright, H.E. Jr. Bent, A.M. Hansen, B.S. Maher, L.J. (1973). Present and past vegetation of the chuska Mountains, northwest New Mexico Geological Society of America Bulletin 84, 1155–1180 Google Scholar
Zavarin, E. Snajberk, K. Bailey, D. (1976). Variability in the essential oils of wood and foliage of Pinus aristata and Pinus longaeva Biochemical Systematics 4, 81–92 Google Scholar