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Variability of 14C reservoir age and air–sea flux of CO2 in the Peru–Chile upwelling region during the past 12,000 years

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Matthieu Carré ,
Donald Jackson ,
Antonio Maldonado ,
Brian M. Chase  and
Julian P. Sachs
Matthieu Carré*
Affiliation:
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
Donald Jackson
Affiliation:
Departamento de Antropología, FACSO, Universidad de Chile, Ignacio Carrera Pinto 1045, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
Antonio Maldonado
Affiliation:
Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 599, La Serena, Chile
Brian M. Chase
Affiliation:
Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France
Julian P. Sachs
Affiliation:
School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Box 355351, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
*
⁎Corresponding author. E-mail address:matthieu.carre@umontpellier.fr (M. Carré).
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Abstract

The variability of radiocarbon marine reservoir age through time and space limits the accuracy of chronologies in marine paleo-environmental archives. We report here new radiocarbon reservoir ages (ΔR) from the central coast of Chile (~ 32°S) for the Holocene period and compare these values to existing reservoir age reconstructions from southern Peru and northern Chile. Late Holocene ΔR values show little variability from central Chile to Peru. Prior to 6000 cal yr BP, however, ΔR values were markedly increased in southern Peru and northern Chile, while similar or slightly lower-than-modern ΔR values were observed in central Chile. This extended dataset suggests that the early Holocene was characterized by a substantial increase in the latitudinal gradient of marine reservoir age between central and northern Chile. This change in the marine reservoir ages indicates that the early Holocene air–sea flux of CO2 could have been up to five times more intense than in the late Holocene in the Peruvian upwelling, while slightly reduced in central Chile. Our results show that oceanic circulation changes in the Humboldt system during the Holocene have substantially modified the air–sea carbon flux in this region.

Keywords

Humboldt systemReservoir ageShell middensDeglaciationRadiocarbonCO2
Type
Original Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 85 , Issue 1 , January 2016 , pp. 87 - 93
Copyright
University of Washington

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