Hostname: page-component-76c49bb84f-lvrpm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-07-12T05:12:28.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Southern Oscillation Signal in South American Palaeoclimatic Data of the Last 7000 Years

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Louis Martin ,
Marc Fournier ,
Philippe Mourguiart ,
Abdelfatah Sifeddine ,
Bruno Turcq ,
Jean-Marie Flexor  and
Maria Lucia Absy
Louis Martin
Affiliation:
Programme GEOCIT, ORSTOM, 72 Route d'Aulnay, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France
Marc Fournier
Affiliation:
Programme GEOCIT, ORSTOM, 72 Route d'Aulnay, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France
Philippe Mourguiart
Affiliation:
Programme GEOCIT, ORSTOM, 72 Route d'Aulnay, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France
Abdelfatah Sifeddine
Affiliation:
Programme GEOCIT, ORSTOM, 72 Route d'Aulnay, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France
Bruno Turcq
Affiliation:
Programme GEOCIT, ORSTOM, 72 Route d'Aulnay, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France
Jean-Marie Flexor
Affiliation:
Obervatorio National, rua General Bruce 586, 20921 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Maria Lucia Absy
Affiliation:
INPA, CP 478, 69000 Manaus, AM, Brazil
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

During strong El Niño events, rainfall anomalies and changes in wind patterns are observed in different regions of South America. Along the central Brazilian coast, during the 1983 El Niño year, the frontal systems were blocked to the south, provoking a reversal of the longshore sand transport. Long-duration reversals of longshore transport were also recorded in Holocene beach-ridge terraces from the Rio Doce coastal plain. This led to the formulation of a model relating these reversals of longshore transport to El Niño-like conditions. El Niño-like conditions are past average climate situations that generate the same perturbations as the strong El Niño events observed during the last decade. They are likely to correspond to the long-duration low phase of the Southern Oscillation. To confirm this hypothesis we compared the Holocene beach-ridge record with other palaeoenvironmental records from regions where strong El Niño events would have a substancial signal as well: (1) water-level fluctuations of Lake Titicaca, (2) a pollen and sediment record in an eastern Amazonian lake, (3) changes of the Rio Xingu discharge in eastern Amazonia, and (4) variations of sand supply at the Rio Piura and Rio Chira outlets in the Sechura Desert. The occurrences of El Niño-like conditions were numerous before 3900-3600 yr B.P., absent between 39003600 and 2800-2500 yr B.P., and infrequent after 2800-2500 yr B.P.

Information

Type
Articles
Information
Quaternary Research , Volume 39 , Issue 3 , May 1993 , pp. 338 - 346
Copyright
University of Washington

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Article purchase

Temporarily unavailable

References

Absy, M. L. Cteef, A. L. M. Fournier, M. Martin, L. Servant, M. Sifeddine, A. Da Silva, M. F. Soubies, F. Suguio, K. Turcq, B., and Van der Hammen, Th. (1991). Mise en évidence de quatre phases d’ouverture de la forêt dense dans le sud-est de 1’Amazonie au cours des 60.00 dernières années. Premiere comparaison avec d’autres régions tropicales. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences Paris, Série II 312, 673–678.Google Scholar
Carmouze, J. P., and Aquize Jaen, E. (1981). La régulation hydrique du lac Titicaca et l’Hydrologie de ses tributaires. Revue d’Hydrobiologie TropicaleU, 311–328.Google Scholar
COHMAP Members (1988). Climatic changes of the last 18,000 years: Observations and model simulations. Science 241, 1043–1052.Google Scholar
Dominguez, J. M. L. Bittencourt, A. C. S. P., and Martin, L. (1983). O papel da deriva litorânea de sedimentos arenosos na construçāo das planfcies costeiras associadas às desembocaduras dos Rios Sāo Francisco (SE, AL), Jequitinhonha (Ba), Doce (ES) e Paraíba do Sul (RJ). Revista Brasileira de Geociências 13, 98–105.Google Scholar
Dominguez, J. M. L. Martin, L., and Bittencourt, A. C. S. P. (1987). Sea-level history and Quaternary evolution of river mouth-associated beach-ridge plains along the east-southeastern coast: A summary. In “Sea-level fluctuation and coastal evolution” (Nummedal, D. Pilkey, O. H. and Howard, J. D., Eds.), Special Publication 41. pp. 115–127, Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists.Google Scholar
Enfield, B. E. (1989). El Niño, past and present. Review of Geophysics 27, 159–187.Google Scholar
Farias, F. F. Bittencourt, A. C. S. P., Zanini, A. and Dominguez, J. M. (1985). Variaçōes temporais e espaciais na dinâmica de sedimentaçāo da praia de Armaçāo-Salvador (Ba). Revista Brasileira de Geociências 15, 48–54.Google Scholar
Francou, B., and Pizarro, L. (1985). El Nin̄o y la sequía en los Altos Andes Centrales (Perú y Bolivia). Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Etudes Aridities 14, 1–18.Google Scholar
Goldberg, R. A., and Tisnado, M. (1987). Characteristics of extreme rainfall events in Northern Peru during the 1982-1983 El Nin̄o period. Journal of Geophysical Research 92, 14,225–14,241.Google Scholar
Hastenrath, S. (1991). “Climate Dynamics of the Tropics.” Kluwer, Dordrecht.Google Scholar
Kousky, V. E. Kagano, M. T., and Cavalcanti, I. F. A. (1984). A review of the Southern Oscillation: Oceanic-atmospheric circulation changes and related rainfall anomalies. Tellus 36A, 490–504.Google Scholar
Lamb, H. H. (1977). “Climate, Present, Past and Future: Climatic History and the Future World,” Vol. 2. Methuen and Co Ltd, London.Google Scholar
Markgraf, V. (1989). Paleoclimates in Central and South America since 18,000 BP based on pollen and lake-level records. Quaternary Science Reviews 8, 1–24.Google Scholar
Martin, L. Flexor, J. M. Kousky, V. F., and Cavalcanti, I. F. A. (1984). Inversions du sens du transport littoral enregistrées dans les cordons littoraux de la plaine côtière du Rio Doce (Brésil). Possible liaison avec des modifications de la circulation athmospherique. Comptes Rendus de l’Académie des Sciences Paris, série II 298, 25–27.Google Scholar
Martin, L. Flexor, J. M., and Suguio, K. (1991). Possible changes in the Holocene wind pattern recorded on southeastern brazitian coast. Proceedings of International Symposium on Global Changes in South America during the Quaternary. Sao Paulo (1989). Boletim do Institute de Geociências da Universidade de Sāo Paulo, Pubiicaçāo Especial 8, 117–131.Google Scholar
Martin, L., and Suguio, K. (1992). Variation of coastal dynamics during the last 7,000 years recorded in beach-ridge plains associated with river mouths: example from the central Brazilian coast. Palaeogeog-raphy, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 99, 119–160.Google Scholar
Martin, L. Suguio, K. Flexor, J. M. Dominguez, J. M. L., and Bit-tencourt, A. C. S. P. (1987). Quaternary evolution of the central part of the Brazilian coast, the role of relative sea-level variation and shoreline drift. UNESCO Reports in Marine Science 43, 97–145.Google Scholar
Mourguiart, Ph., and Roux, M. (1990). Une approche nouvelle du prob-lème posé par les reconstructions des paléoniveaux lacustres: Utilisation d’une fonction de transfert basée sur les faunes d’ostracodes. Géodynamique 5(2), 57–71.Google Scholar
Perota, C, and Botelho, W. C. (1990). O sambaquí de Guara-l e as variaçōs climáticas no Holoceno. “Symposium International sur l’Evolution des littoraux des Guyanes et de la zone caraïbe méridio-nale pendant le Quaternaire, Résumés,” pp. 144–146. Cayenne.Google Scholar
Philander, S. G. H. (1983). El Nin̄o southern oscillation phenomena. Nature 302, 295–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quinn, W. H. Neal, V. T., and Antunez de Mayolo, S. E. A. (1987). El Nin̄o occurrences over the past four and half centuries. Journal of Geophysical Research 92, 14,449–14,461.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
RADAM Projeto (1974). “Programa de integraçāo nacional. Levanta-mento de recursos naturals,” Vol 4. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro.Google Scholar
RADAM Projeto (1975). “Programa de integraçāo nacional. Levanta-mento de recursos naturais,” Vol. 7. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro.Google Scholar
RADAM Projeto (1975). “Programa de integraçāo nacional. Levanta-mento de recursos naturais,” Vol. 8. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro.Google Scholar
RADAM Projeto (1976). “Programa de integraçāo nacional. Levanta-mento de recursos naturais,” Vol. 10. IBGE, Rio de Janeiro.Google Scholar
Richardson, J. B. (1983). The Chira beach-ridges, sea-level change and the origins of marine economics of the Peruvian coast. Annals of Carnegie Museum 52, 265–276.Google Scholar
Sandweis, D. H. Rollins, H. B., and Richardson, J. B. (1983). Landscape alteration and prehistoric human occupation on the north coast of Peru. Annals of Carnegie Museum 52, 277–297.Google Scholar
Sifeddine, A. (1991). La sédimentation en région tropicale humide (Car-ajas, Amazonie, Brésil): Relation avec les modifications de Fenviron-nement climatique au cours des 60 000 dernières années. Unpublished thesis. Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris.Google Scholar
Suguio, K., and Martin, L. (1981). Significance of Quaternary sea-level fluctuations for delta construction along the Brazilian coast. Geo-Marine Letters 1, 181–185.Google Scholar
Suguio, K. Martin, L., and Dominguez, J. M. L. (1982). Evoluçāo da planicie costeira do Rio Doce (ES) durante o Quaternário: Influência das flutuações do nível do mar. “Atas IV Simposio do Quaternário no Brasil,” pp. 93–116. Rio de Janeiro.Google Scholar
Wyrtki, K. (1982). The Southern Oscillation ocean-atmosphere interaction and El Nin̄o. Marine Technological Society Journal 16, 3–10.Google Scholar