Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jn8rn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-20T16:08:33.095Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Diabetes in the elderly

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 November 2008

Paul V Knight
Paul V Knight*
Affiliation:
Lightburn Hospital, Glasgow, UK
*
Paul V Knight, Consultant Physician, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Lightburn Hospital, Glasgow G32 6ND, UK.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Clinical geriatrics
Information
Reviews in Clinical Gerontology , Volume 3 , Issue 1 , February 1993 , pp. 39 - 53
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1993

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Anonymous. Diabetes practice: the information gap [Editorial]. Lancer 1992; 339: 97–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG). Classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and other categories of glucose intolerance. Diabetes 1979; 28: 1039.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
3World Health Organization Expert Committee on Diabetes. Second report. Geneva: World Health Organization, Technical Report Series, 1980: 646.Google Scholar
4Gatling, WG, Houston, AC, Hill, RD. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a typical English community. J R Coil Phys [Lond] 1985; 19: 248–50.Google Scholar
5Croxson, SC, Burden, AC, Bodington, M, Botha, JL. The prevalence of diabetes in elderly people. Diabetic Med 1991; 8: 28–31.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6Harris, MI. Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus among the elderly in the United States. Clin Geriatr Med 1990; 6: 703–19.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7Wilson, PWF, Anderson, KM, Kannel, WB. Epidemiology of diabetes mellitus in the elderly. Am J Med 1986; 80 (5A): 3–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8Laakso, M, Pyorala, K.Age of onset and type of diabetes. Diabetes Care 1985; 8: 114–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9Mather, HM, Keen, H. The Southall Diabetes Survey: prevalence of known diabetes in Asians and Europeans. Br Med J 1985; 291: 1081–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10Scott, RS, Brown, U. Prevalence and incidence of insulin-treated diabetes mellitus in adults in Canterbury, New Zealand. Diabetic Med 1991; 8: 443–47.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11Davidson, MB. The effect of aging on carbohydrate metabolism: a review of the English literature and a practical approach to the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the elderly. Metabolism 1979; 28: 688–705.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12Ward, WK, Beard, JC, Halter, JB, Pfeifer, MA, Porte, D.Pathophysiology of insulin secretion in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care 1984; 7: 491–502.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13DeFronzo, RA.Glucose intolerance and aging: evidence for tissue insensitivity to insulin. Diabetes 1979; 28: 1095–1101.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14Chen, M, Bergman, RN, Port, D. Insulin resistance and B-cell dysfunction in aging: the importance of dietary carbohydrate. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1988; 67: 951–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15Levin, ME. Diabetes: the geriatric difference. Geriatrics 1982; 37: 41–45.Google ScholarPubMed
16Kilvert, A, Fitzgerald, MG, Wright, AD, Nattrass, M. Clinical characteristics and aetiological classification of insulin-dependent diabetes in the elderly. Q J Med 1986; 60: 865–72.Google ScholarPubMed
17Landin-Olsson, M, Nilsson, KO, Lermark, A, Sundkvist, G. Islet cell antibodies and fasting C-peptide predict insulin requirement at diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetologia 1990; 33: 561–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18Amer, P, Pollare, T, Lithell, H. Different aetiologies of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in obese and non-obese subjects. Diabetologia 1991; 34: 483–87.Google Scholar
19Mykkanen, L, Laakso, M, Uusitupia, M, Pyorala, K. Prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in elderly subjects and their association with obesity and family history of diabetes. Diabetes Care 1990; 13: 1099–1105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20Modan, M, Halkin, H, Almog, Set al. Hyperinsulinaemia. A link between hypertension obesity and glucose intolerance. J Clin Invest 1985; 75: 809–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21Martin, BJ, Knight, PV, Kesson, CM, O'Donnel, JR, Young, RE. Glycosylated haemoglobin: its value in screening for diabetes mellitus in the elderly. J Clin Exp Gerontol 1984; 8: 51–85.Google Scholar
22Croxson, SC, Absalom, S, Burden, AC. Fructosamine in diabetes screening of the elderly. Ann Clin Biochem 1991; 28: 279–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
23Tattershall, RB. Diabetes in the elderly – a neglected area? Diabetologia 1984; 27: 167–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
24Wickramasinghe, LSP, Chazan, BI, Farrow, M, Bansa, SK, Basu, SK. C-peptide response to oral glucose and its clinical role in elderly people. Age Ageing 1992; 21: 103–108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
25Katzeff, HL, Savage, PJ, Barclay-White, B, Nagulesparan, M, Bennet, PH. C-peptide measurement in the differentiation of type 1 (insulin-dependent) and type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Diabetolgia 1985; 28: 264–68.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26Knight, PV, Kesson, CM. Educating elderly diabetics. Diabetic Med 1986; 3: 170–73.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
27Reaven, GM, Thompson, LW, Nahum, D, Haskins, E. Relationship between hyperglycaemia and cognitive function in older NIDDM patients. Diabetes Care 1990; 13: 16–21.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28Tun, PA, Nathan, DM, Perimuter, LC. Cognitive and affective disorders in elderly diabetics. Clin Geriatr Med 1990; 6: 731–46.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29U'Ren, RC, Riddle, MC, Lezak, MD, Bennington-Davis, M. The mental efficiency of the elderly person with type II diabetes mellitus. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990; 38: 505–10.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
30Mooradian, AD, Perryman, K, Fitten, Jet al. Cortical function in elderly non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Behavioral and electrophysiological studies. Arch Intern Med 1988; 148: 2369–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
31Gilden, JL, Hendryx, M, Casia, Cetal. The effectiveness of diabetic education programmes for older patients and their spouses. J Am Geriatr Soc 1989; 37: 1023–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
32Gilden, JL, Hendryx, M, Casia, C, Singh, SP. Diabetes support groups improve health care of older diabetic patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992; 40: 147–50.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33Assal, JP, Pernet, A. Education as part of therapy. In: Krall, LP, Alberti, KGMM eds. World book of diabetes in practice. Amsterdam: Excerpta Medica, 1982.Google Scholar
34Knight, PV, Cummins, AG, Kesson, CM. Practical knowledge of diabetes mellitus: a survey of medical and nursing staff. Pract Diabetes 1984; 1: 8–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
35Fylling, CP. Educating the diabetes care team. In: Krall, LP ed. World book of diabetes in practice, volume 2. Amsterdam, Elsevier, 1986.Google Scholar
36Assal, JP, Gfeller, R, Ekoe, JM eds. Patient education in diabetes. In: Recent trends in diabetic research. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiskell International, 1982.Google Scholar
37Gilden, JL, Casia, C, Hendryx, M, Singh, SP. Effects of self-monitoring of blood glucose on quality of life in elderly diabetic patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990; 38: 511–15.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38Tunbridge, R, Wetherill, JH. Reliability and cost of diabetic diets. Br Med J 1970; 2: 78–80.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
39Horwath, CC, Worsley, A. Dietary habits of elderly persons with diabetes. J Am Diet Assoc 1991; 91: 553–57.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
40Mann, J. Diabetic dietary prescriptions. Br Med J 1989; 298: 1535–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
41Albertii, KGMM, Gries, FA. Management of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in Europe: a consensus view. Diabetic Med 1988; 5: 275–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
42Phillips, PA. Dietary assessment and therapy. In: Kesson, CM, Knight, PV eds. Diabetes in elderly people. London: Chapman & Hall, 1990.Google Scholar
43Peden, NR, McPherson, JN. Management of the overweight patient with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Hosp Update 1990; 16: 884–96.Google Scholar
44Gerich, J. Oral hypoglycemic agents. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 1231–45.Google ScholarPubMed
45Ferner, RE, Albertii, KGMM. Sulphonylureas in the treatment of non-insulin diabetes. Q J Med 1989; 271: 987–95.Google Scholar
46Bailey, CJ. Metformin revisited: its actions and indications for use. Diabetic Med 1988; 5: 315–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
47Borthwick, LI, Wilson, S.Diabetic control with gliquidone – a short acting suiphonylurea. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1984; 26: 475–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
48Campbell, IW. Metformin and glibencalmide. Br Med J 1984; 289: 289.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
49Josephkutty, S, Potter, JM. Comparison of tolbutamide and metformin in elderly patients. Diabetic Med 1990; 7: 510–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
50Lalau, JD, Vermesch, A, Hary, L, Andrejack, M, Isnard, F, Quichaud, J. Type 2 diabetes in the elderly: an assessment of metformin. In tJ Clin Pharmacol Ther Toxicol 1990; 28: 329–32.Google ScholarPubMed
51Knight, PV, Semple, CG, Kesson, CM. The use of metformin in the elderly patient. J Clin Exp Gerontol 1986; 8: 51–58.Google Scholar
52Gregory, R, Tattershall, RB. Does knowledge of islet cell antibody status help in managing in middle and old age? Diabetic Med 1991; 8: 72–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
53Tattershall, RB, Scott, AR. When to use insulin in the maturity onset diabetic. Postgrad Med J 1987; 63: 859–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
54MacPherson, JN, Feely, J.Insulin. Br Med J 1990; 300: 731–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
55Pickup, J.Human insulin. Br Med J 1989; 299: 991–93.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
56Genuth, S. Insulin use in NIDDM. Diabetes Care 1990; 13: 1240–64.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
57Mutch, WJ, Dingwall-Fordyce, I. Is it a hypo? Knowledge of the symptoms of hypoglycaemia in elderly diabetic patients. Diabetic Med 1985; 2: 54–56.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
58Thomson, FJ, Masson, EA, Leeming, JT, Boulton, MM. Lack of knowledge of symptoms of hypoglycaemia by elderly diabetic patients. Age Ageing 1991; 20: 404–406.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
59Meneilly, GS, Minaker, KL, Young, JB, Landsberg, L, Rowe, JW. Counterregulatory responses to insulin-induced glucose reduction in the elderly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1985; 61: 178–82.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
60Ryder, REJ, Owens, DR, Ghatei, MA, Bloom, SR. Unawareness of hypoglycaemia and inadequate hypoglycaemic counterregulation: no causal relation with diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Br Med J 1990; 301: 783–87.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
61Paterson, JR, Orrell, JM, Neithercut, WD, Small, M. Drug therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus: an audit. Diabetes Res 1989; 12: 169–71.Google ScholarPubMed
62Cahill, GF. Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar coma: a syndrome almost unique to the elderly. J Am Geriatr Soc 1983; 31: 103–105.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
63Khardori, R, Soler, NG. Hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic nonketotic syndrome. Report of 22 cases and brief review. Am I Med 1984; 77: 899–904.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
64Husband, DJ, Thai, AC, Albertii, KGMM. Management of diabetes during surgery with glucose-insulin-potassium infusion. Diabetic Med 1986; 3: 69–74.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
65Croxson, SC, Burden, AC, Castleden, CM. Care of the elderly person with diabetes: a questionnaire study comparing geriatricians with diabetic specialists. Age Ageing 1990; 19: 390–94.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
66Fernando, DJS, Connor, H, Boulton, AJM. The diabetic foot 1990. Diabetic Med 1991; 8: 82–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
67Evans, SL, Nixon, BP, Lee, I, Yee, D, Mooradian, AD. The prevalence of podiatric problems in elderly diabetic patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991; 39: 241–45.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
68Connor, HM, Boulton, AJM, Ward, JD eds. The foot in diabetes. Chichester: Wiley, 1986.Google Scholar
69Stout, RW. Hyperglycaemia and stroke. Q J Med 1989; 271: 997–1004.Google Scholar
70Gray, CS, French, JM, Bates, D, Cartlidge, NEF, Venables, GS, James, OFW. Increasing age, diabetes mellitus and recovery from stroke. Posigrad Med J 1989; 65: 720–24.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
71Salonen, JT. Non-insulin dependent diabetes and ischaemic heart disease. Br Med J 1989; 298: 1050–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
72Newrick, PG, Wilson, AJ, Jakubowski, J, Boulton, AJM, Ward, JD. Sural nerve oxygen tension in diabetes. Br Med J 1986; 293: 1053–54.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
73Boulton, AJM, Drury, J, Clarke, B, Ward, JD. Continuous subcutaneous infusion in the management of painful diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes Care 1982; 5: 386–90.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
74Bilous, RW. Diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Br Med J 1990; 301: 565–67.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
75Ewing, DJ, Clarke, BF. Diagnosis and management of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Br Med J 1982; 285: 916–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
76McCance, DR, Hadden, DR, Atkinson, AB, Archer, DB, Kennedy, L. Long term glycaemic control and diabetic retinopathy. Lancet 1989; 2: 824–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
77Howard-Williams, J, Hilison, R.Bron, A, Awdry, P, Mann, JI, Hockaday, TDR. Retinopathy is associated with higher glycaemia in maturity-onset type diabetes. Diabetologia 1984; 27: 198–202.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
78Kennedy, H, Caird, Fl. Diabetic retinopathy in the eye and its disorders in the elderly. In: Williamson, J, Caird, Fl eds. Bristol: Wright, 1986.Google Scholar
79Roahn, TE, Frost, CD, Wald, NJ. Prevention of blindness by screening for diabetic retinopathy: a quantitative assessment. Br Med J 1989; 299: 1198–1201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
80Jones, D, Dolben, J, Owens, DR, Vora, JP, Young, S, Creagh, FM. Non-mydriatic polaroid photography in screening for diabetic retinopathy: evaluation in a clinical setting. Br Med J 1988; 296: 1029–30.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
81Cohen, DL, Neil, HA, Sparrow, J, Thorgood, M, Mann, JI. Lens opacity and mortality in diabetes. Diabetic Med 1990; 7: 615–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
82Damsgaard, EM, Froland, A, Jorgensen, OD, Mogensen, CE. Microalbuminuria as a predictor of increased mortality in elderly people. Br Med J 1990; 300: 297–300.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
83Joint Working Party. Treatment of and mortality from diabetic renal failure in patients identified in the 1985 United Kingdom survey. Br Med J 1989; 299: 1135–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
84Winocour, PH, Lenton, J, Puxty, JA, Anderson, DC. Lymphocyte transformation in elderly non-insulin-dependent diabetics before and after improved glycaemic control. Br J Clin Pract 1990; 44: 259–63.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
85Thorn, PA, Russel, RG. Diabetic clinics today and tomorrow; mini-clinics in general practice. Br Med J 1973; 2: 534–36.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
86Hayes, TM, Harries, J. Randomised controlled trial of routine hospital care versus general practice care for type II diabetics. Br Med J 1984; 289: 728–29.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
87Sinclair, AJ, Girling, AJ, Gray, L, Le, Guen C, Lunec, J, Barnett, AH. Disturbed handling of ascorbic acid in diabetic patients with and without microangiopathy during high dose ascorbate supplementation. Diabetologia 1991; 34: 171–75.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed