¹ D. Potter, A Knight of Malta at the Court of Elizabeth I: The Correspondence of Michel de Seure, French Ambassador 1560–61, Royal Historical Society, Camden Society, 5th ser., 45 (2014).

² Jensen, De Lamar, ‘French diplomacy and the wars of Religion’, Sixteenth Century Journal, 5:2 (1974), 23–46CrossRefGoogle Scholar, at 39.

³ Most recent explorations which consider Paul de Foix's despatches include Paranque, Estelle, Elizabeth I of England through Valois Eyes, 1558–1588 (Basingstoke, 2019)CrossRefGoogle Scholar, ch. 2, and Doran, Susan, Monarchy and Matrimony: The Courtships of Elizabeth I (London and New York, 1996)Google Scholar, ch. 4.

⁴ Doran, Monarchy and Matrimony, 3–13.

⁵ Oratio in funere Pauli Foxii Archiepiscopi Tolosani oratoris ad Gregorium XIII. Pont. Max. Et ad sedem Apostolicam regij, habita Romae … MDLXXXIIII … Rome, 1584; published in a French translation by Auger de Mauléon, sr de Granier, in the Lettres de messire Paul de Foix, ambassadeur pour le roi auprès du Pape Grégoire XIII écrites au Roy Henry III (Paris: Charles Chappelain, 1728) and in Latin in the first volume of the Œuvres of Muret (Verona, 1727).

⁶ Thou, Jacques-Auguste de, La Vie de Jacques-Auguste de Thou (I. Aug. Thuani vita), ed. Teissier-Ensminger, Anne (Paris, 2007)Google Scholar.

⁷ N. Didier, ‘Paul de Foix et Grégoire XIII, 1572–1574: Une suite de la mercuriale de 1559’, in Annales de l'Université de Grenoble, ns, Lettres-Droit, XVII (1941).

⁸ Muret, who was from Limoges, served the king of Navarre in 1560 as orator before the Pope.

⁹ Lettres de messire Paul de Foix, intro, sig. e.

¹⁰ Vers françois de feu Estienne De la Boëtie (1571), epistre.

¹¹ Garrigues, Véronique, Adrien de Monluc (1571–1646): D'encre et de sang (Limoges, 2003)Google Scholar.

¹² Francis I to Chancellor du Bourg, 4 May 1537, AN J965/6/24, orig.

¹³ Catalogue des actes de François Ier, ed. P. Marichal et al., 10 vols (Paris, 1887–1908), III, no. 8243.

¹⁴ J.-A. de Thou, Mémoires de la vie de Jacques-Auguste de Thou (Rotterdam, 1740), 14.

¹⁵ Muret in Lettres de messire Paul de Foix, sig. Eiijr. AM Toulouse, BB 274, fo. 161.

¹⁶ De Thou, Mémoires, 15.

¹⁷ On the chronological difficulties of all this see Berriat-Saint-Prix, Jacques, Histoire du droit romain: Suivie de L'Histoire de Cujas (Paris, 1821), 476–478Google Scholar.

¹⁸ Blanchard, François, Les Presidens au mortier du Parlement de Paris: Leurs emplois, charges, qualitez, armes, blasons & genealogies: Depuis l'an 1331 iusques à present: Ensemble vn catalogue de tous les conseillers (Paris, 1647), 70Google Scholar.

¹⁹ His name does not appear on the list in BnF fr.7856, pp. 1148–1150, though he is commonly described as such, e.g. Didier, ‘Paul de Foix et Grégoire XIII’, 98; Petris, Loris, La Plume et la tribune: Michel de l'Hospital et ses discours (1559–1562), suivi de l’édition du ‘De initiatione Sermo’ (1559) et des ‘Discours de Michel de L'Hospital’ (1560–1562), Travaux d'humanisme et Renaissance (Geneva, 2002), 489Google Scholar.

²⁰ See Letters Nos 1 and 80 (numbers of letters in this volume are given in bold).

²¹ Evidence of Faye in 1574, Didier, ‘Paul de Foix et Gregoire XIII’, 413 n. 1.

²² Didier, ‘Paul de Foix et Grégoire XIII’, ‘Diende rebus suis omnibus atque negotiis imposterum et interesse et praecesse velle significat’, 108 and 413.

²³ See No. 80; De Thou, Mémoires, 17.

²⁴ Lettres de messire Paul de Foix, i v^o–i ijr.

²⁵ De Thou, quoted Secousse, D., ‘Mémoire historique et critique, pour servir à l'histoire de Messire Paul de Foix, conseiller d'Etat, et Archevêque de Toulouse’, in Mémoires de littérature tirés des registres de l'Académie Royale des Inscriptions et Belles-lettres, 17 (Paris, 1751), 621–623Google Scholar.

²⁶ References to de Foix as protonotary: Throckmorton to Elizabeth, 14 November 1561, CSPF IV, no. 659; Somers to Throckmorton, 23 November 1561, ibid. no. 678; La Quadra to Chantonnay, 23 November 1561, ADE, III, 143.

²⁷ Throckmorton to Elizabeth I, 18 March 1561, TNA, SP 70/24, fos 47ff.

²⁸ Randolph to Cecil, 10 December 1561, TNA, SP 52/6, fo. 180.

²⁹ Throckmorton to Elizabeth I, 8 March 1562, TNA, SP 70/35, fo. 79r.

³⁰ ed., D. Secousse, Mémoires de Condé, 6 vols (London and The Hague, 1743) II, 409–423Google Scholar – commentary by Smith, Malcolm, Montaigne and Religious Freedom (Geneva, 1991), 193–194Google Scholar.

³¹ BnF fr.4746, fos 24–33.

³² Daubresse, S., Le Parlement de Paris ou la voix de la raison (1559–89), Travaux d'Humanisme et Renaissance (Geneva, 2005), 92Google Scholar.

³³ Smith, Malcolm, ‘Paul de Foix and freedom of conscience’, Bibliothèque d'humanisme et Renaissance, 55:2 (1993), 301–315Google Scholar, at 314.

³⁴ Mémoires de M. Henry de la Tour d'Auvergne, Coll. Universelle des mémoires, Vol. 49 (Paris, 1788), 374–375.

³⁵ P. Denis, ‘L'Envoyé de l'esprit et les hommes d’église: Justus Velsius à Francfort et Londres (1556–1563), Bulletin de la Société de l'histoire du Protestantisme français, Special issue on Divers aspects de la Réforme (1975), 181–237, at 187. Text of the Lectio: Hessels, J.H., Ecclesiae Londino-Bataviae Archivum (Cambridge, 1897), IIIGoogle Scholar, i, 23.

³⁶ Des Gallars to Calvin, 7 March 1563, in Lettres à Jean Calvin de la collection Sarrau (Paris, 1972).

³⁷ No. 84. Denis, ‘L'Envoyé de l'esprit’, 208–209; Grindal to Cecil, TNA, SP 12/28, fos 18–19, Grindal, Edmund, Remains, ed. Nicholson, W., Parker Society (Cambridge, 1843), 254Google Scholar; Strype, J., Annals of the Reformation (Oxford, 1824), IGoogle Scholar, ii, 13; Velsius to Elizabeth, TNA, SP 12/28, fo. 36; Denis, ‘L'Envoyé de l'esprit’, 21–27.

³⁸ No. 18.

³⁹ Didier, ‘Paul de Foix et Grégoire XIII’, passim.

⁴⁰ E. Johnstone, Actes du Consistoire de l'Eglise française de Threadneedle St. Londres, Pub. of the Huguenot Society of London, 38 (1937), I, 93. The theme of gambling in de Foix's household crops up again shortly afterwards with one Jehan de Seram, Parisian bookseller, imprisoned on letters of another Frenchman ‘à cause qu'il avoit joué quelque argent à la maison de l'embassadeur de France’, ibid. 96.

⁴¹ Michael Erbe, ‘François Bauduin und Georg Cassander: Dokumente einer humanisten Freundschaft’, Humanisme et Renaissance, 40:iii (1978), 551.

⁴² Throckmorton to Elizabeth I, 8 January 1562, TNA, SP 70/34, fo. 30v.

⁴³ Ibid. SP 70/34. fos 30v–31r (26v–37r).

⁴⁴ Randolph to Cecil, 7 December 1561, Bain, J. et al. , Calendar of State Papers Relating to Scotland and Mary, Queen of Scots, 12 vols (Edinburgh and Glasgow, 1898–1952), 573Google Scholar (BL Calig B X, fos 201v–203r).

⁴⁵ No. 102 (1 April 1565).

⁴⁶ Presence at the redaction of customs for Péronne, Charles Bourdot de Richebourg, Nouveau coutumier général (Paris, 1724), II, 645 – unlisted among the prieurs of Lihons between Philippe de la Chambre et Nicolas Pellevé.

⁴⁷ D. Potter, Foreign Intelligence and Information in Elizabethan England: Two English Treatises on the State of France, 1579–84 Camden Society, 5th ser., 25 (Cambridge, 2004), 42.

⁴⁸ Throckmorton to Elizabeth I, 18 March 1561, CSPF, IV, no. 49.

⁴⁹ Throckmorton to Elizabeth I, 14 November 1561, CSPF IV, no. 659; La Quadra to Chantonnay, 23 November 1561, ADE, III, 143.

⁵⁰ Throckmorton to Cecil, 26 November 1561, CSPF, IV, no. 684.

⁵¹ Somers to Throckmorton, 23 November 1561, CSPF, IV, no. 678.

⁵² La Quadra to Margaret of Parma, 27 December 1561, 3 January 1562, Relations politiques des Pays-Bas et de l'Angleterre sous le règne de Philippe II, ed. J.M.B.C. Baron Kervyn de Lettenhove, 11 vols (Brussels, 1882–1900), II, 654, 658.

⁵³ Mary's own report on this encounter is contained in her letter to the duke of Guise in early January, BL Egerton, 1819, fo. 28 (printed Pollen, J.H., Papal Negotiations with Mary, Queen of Scots during her Reign in Scotland (Edinburgh, 1901), 439Google Scholar).

⁵⁴ Randolph, 2 January 1562, TNA, SP 57/2, fo. 2.

⁵⁵ Throckmorton to Elizabeth I, 8 January 1562 TNA, SP 70/34, fos 30v–31r.

⁵⁶ Throckmorton to Cecil and Elizabeth, 24 January 1562, CSPF, IV, nos 883, 884; BnF Clair. 232, p. 2698.

⁵⁷ Throckmorton to Elizabeth, 7 February 1562, TNA, SP 70/35, fo. 16.

⁵⁸ Pierre de Ronsard, Oeuvres complètes, ed. Laumonier, XIII, 156.

⁵⁹ La Quadra to Granvelle, 28 February 1561, Relations politiques, II, 670. De Foix had arrived in London the previous week.

⁶⁰ Diego Guzman da Silva, 25 May 1566, Calendar of State Papers, Spain (Simancas), ed. M.A.S. Hume, 4 vols (London, 1892–1899), I, no. 358. Fuensante del Valle, Rayon, Zabalburu, eds, Correspondencia de Felipe II con sus embajadores en la corte de Inglaterra, II, 324: ‘en lo que toca a ser catolico querria estar mas cierto, en lo demas es persona de ingenio y servicio’, Coleccion de Documentos Ineditos, 89 (1887).

⁶¹ Throckmorton to Cecil, 26 November 1561, TNA, SP 70/32 fo. 58.

⁶² Throckmorton to Elizabeth I, 24 April 1562, TNA, SP 70/36, fos 106v–107r.

⁶³ La Quadra to Philip II, 20 June 1562, CSP Simancas, I, no. 169 (Coleccion de documentos ineditos, 87, 416).

⁶⁴ La Quadra, 17 July 1562, CSP Simancas, I, no. 177. The wording is ambiguous, however. Relations politiques, III, 75–76: ‘el mismo Embaxador … mostrandose doler mucho de que los de Guisa fuessen causa que se metiessen soldados estrangeros en el reyno’.

⁶⁵ D'Assonleville to Granvelle, 17 April 1562, Relations politiques, III, 336.

⁶⁶ Chantonnay to Philip II, Chartres, 27 August 1562: ‘en toutes les occasions que se sont adonnées d'employer gens ès affaires concernans la religion … ladicte Royne a toujours envoyé gens suspectz seulz’. (Mémoires de Condé, II, 64).

⁶⁷ Throckmorton's letters of March–April 1562, e.g. 14 March (CSPF, IV, no. 177); 1 April (no. 973); 10 April (no. 998).

⁶⁸ De Thou, Mémoires, 14–15.

⁶⁹ See Potter, A Knight of Malta, 28–29.

⁷⁰ CSPF Edward VI, no. 219.

⁷¹ No. 104.

⁷² Nos 89, 91.

⁷³ Simonin, M., L'Encre et la lumière: Quarante-sept articles (1976–2000) (Geneva, 2004), 573Google Scholar; Bettoni, Anna, la, ‘Duplessis-Mornay et “famille” de l'ambassade d'Arnaud du Ferrier à Venise’, Albineana: Cahiers d'Aubigné, 18:1 (2006), 381–407CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

⁷⁴ Throckmorton to the Elizabeth I, 7 February 1562, TNA, SP 70/35, fo. 16.

⁷⁵ 1 May 1562 to Morel, Ford, Philip, ‘Carolus Utenhovius (1536–1600): A Tale of Two Cities’, in de Landtsheer, Jeannine and Nellen, Henk J. M., eds, Between Scylla and Charybdis: Learned Letter Writers Navigating the Reefs of Religious and Political Controversy in Early Modern Europe (Leiden 2011), 149–160Google Scholar, at 154 (after Bayerische Staastsbibliothek, Lat. 10383, fo. 263r).

⁷⁶ TNA, SP 70/48, fo. 3 (CSPF, VI, no. 2).

⁷⁷ La Quadra to Granvelle, 11 July 1562, Relations politiques, III, 73.

⁷⁸ Ford, ‘Carolus Utenhovius’, 157; Guzman to Philip II, 13 August 1565, CSP Simancas, I, no. 317.

⁷⁹ Charles Utenhove to Cecil, Cologne, 22 July 1565, TNA, SP 12/36 fo. 184 Relations politiques, IV, 225–228.

⁸⁰ BnF Clair 232, p. 2469, comptes de l'Epargne, 1562: ‘A Florent Adam …’. His identity as the writer of most of de Foix's despatches is confirmed by the signed memorandum, BnF fr.16080, fos 113–116, endorsed ‘Par son secretaire qui a apporté la depesche du xxviije janvier 1570’.

⁸¹ BnF Clair. 232, p. 2452.

⁸² CSPF, VI, no. 1278, 8 October 1563.

⁸³ Guzman to Philip II. 25 May 1566, CSP Simancas, I, no. 358 (Coleccion de Documentos Ineditos, 89, 324): La Forêt's secretary was ‘muy hereje, asi lo era él del que se va’.

⁸⁴ Payments were in a mixture of 400 écus d'or soleil (at 50s a piece, 1000 lt.), 200 Spanish crowns, éc. pistollets (at 48s a piece, 480 lt.), silver testons (300 lt.) and the rest, 20 lt., in small change (douzains). The pistollet was worth 47s 10d t. in 1560 but 48s t. in 1562 (BnF fr.18505, fo. 9).

⁸⁵ No. 35.

⁸⁶ 13 June 1562; BnF Clair. 232, p. 2711.

⁸⁷ No. 99.

⁸⁸ BnF fr.18505, fo. 3v: ‘C'est l’évaluation des monnoyes d'or et d'argent estrangères.’ Thus 1,800 lt. = roughly 450 English angels. With the angel valued at 10s sterling in 1560, this would make 1,800 lt. = £225 sterling per quarter.

⁸⁹ L. Stone, Crisis of the Aristocracy, 1558–1641 (Oxford, 1965), 760 and 762; the mean landed income of the nobility in 1559, £2,140.

⁹⁰ Bell, G.M., A Handlist of British Diplomatic Representatives, 1509–1688 (London: RHS, 1990), 83–85Google Scholar. Pickering was paid £1,100 p.a. in 1551–1553, Throckmorton and Thomas Smith at 66s 8d (£1,216 p.a.) in 1559–1566.

⁹¹ The French courier service is discussed by Allen, E.J.B., Post and Courier Service in the Diplomacy of Early Modern Europe (The Hague, 1972), 74CrossRefGoogle Scholar. This says relatively little on England, though draws on de Foix's correspondence in Rome extensively.

⁹² e.g. to Florent Adam, 200 lt. ‘pour estre venu en diligence et chevaulx de poste de Londres jusques au chasteau de Vincennes apportant lettres dud. sr de la part dud. sr de Foix, comprins son retour en pareille dilligence avec responce’, quittance signed by Claude de L'Aubespine, 26 July 1562. For other couriers mentioned in de Foix's later correspondence as ambassador at Venice and Rome, see BnF Clair. 232, pp. 2452, 2507, 2549, 2567, 2574, 2614, 2632, 2653, 2665.

⁹³ BnF Clair. 232, p. 2574.

⁹⁴ No. 10.

⁹⁵ No. 102.

⁹⁶ No. 14.

⁹⁷ Nos 57, 59.

⁹⁸ See in particular No. 79 as an example.

⁹⁹ No. 21.

¹⁰⁰ No. 7: ‘considerant combien il est malaisé de descouvrir les volontez et intentions et actions de personnes qui ne cherchent rien que cachetes et couvertures et emploient tout ce qu'ilz peuvent’.

¹⁰¹ No. 14: ‘Mais j'ay tousiours bien pensé que l'office d'un ambassadeur estoit de ne vous riens mander qui ne fust ou certain ou appuyé de tresbonnes et grandes coniectures.’ See also No. 11.

¹⁰² No. 7.

¹⁰³ No. 11.

¹⁰⁴ No. 7.

¹⁰⁵ No. 7.

¹⁰⁶ No. 12.

¹⁰⁷ No. 12.

¹⁰⁸ No. 14.

¹⁰⁹ No. 14.

¹¹⁰ No. 31. Vieilleville in August also underlined the ‘treslong discours’ to which Elizabeth was given when she desired to obfuscate an issue (No. 32).

¹¹¹ Marchand, C., Le Maréchal François de Scépeaux de Vieilleville et ses mémoires (Paris, 1893), 205–216Google Scholar.

¹¹² No. 33.

¹¹³ No. 36.

¹¹⁴ Nos 37, 38, 41.

¹¹⁵ Saint-Sulpice seems to have been equally forthright in his letters to Catherine de Medici from Spain.

¹¹⁶ Nos 12, 14.

¹¹⁷ No. 28.

¹¹⁸ Ronsard, Pierre de, Oeuvres complètes ed. Laumonier, P., XIII (Paris, 1948), 150Google Scholar. ‘Elegie à Monsieur de Foyx ambassadeur du Roy en Angleterre’. Jean Morel, Utenhove's employer, was also a patron of Ronsard and the Montaigne connection is evidenced from Montaigne's letter to de Foix as preface to his edition of the poems of their mutual friend Étienne de La Boétie, Vers françois de feu Estienne De la Boëtie Conseiller du Roy en sa Cour de Parlement à Bordeaux (A Paris: Par Frederic Morel Imprimeur du Roy, 1572) and Michel de Montaigne, Essais, ed. J.-V. Leclerc, IV (Paris, 1844), 77; 314–318, Lettre VII.

¹¹⁹ No. 107. For Mauvissière's praises of Elizabeth, see Mémoires de Messire Michel de Castelnau, Seigneur de Mauvissière, ed. Jean Le Laboureur, 3 vols (Brussels, 1731), I, Book III, ch.1.

¹²⁰ No. 4.

¹²¹ Nos 103, 109.

¹²² No. 2.

¹²³ No. 31.

¹²⁴ No. 31.

¹²⁵ No. 36.

¹²⁶ Charles IX to Elizabeth I, 2 October 1562, TNA, SP 70/42, fo. 45.

¹²⁷ In a list of complaints of September 1564, de Foix refers to ‘le premier septembre 1562 et la guerre encommencee’, No. 76.

¹²⁸ No. 46.

¹²⁹ No. 47.

¹³⁰ ‘yet shall not be amisse also that yow do advertise … how the French ambassador doth find meanes contynally from tyme to tyme to make his dispatches hither by the way of Flaunders, which me thinks being well laid for might be either empeached or intercepted’, TNA, SP 70/67, fo. 182v, to Smith, 2 December 1563. By February 1564, Throckmorton was passing on de Foix's packets to L'Aubespine, CSPF VII, no. 146.

¹³¹ Nos 65, 58, 59.

¹³² No. 59.

¹³³ Mauvissière does not refer to his presence in England in late 1563/early 1564 in his Mémoires, ed. J. Le Laboureur, Vol. I (Paris, 1659). No doubt he was on a special mission carrying despatches, see TNA, SP 70/ 66 fo. 84; TNA, SP 70/66, fo. 269. He left shortly after 18 December and was back from England on 9 January.

¹³⁴ Cecil to Smith, 1 January ‘1563’, BL Lansdowne 102, fo. 52.

¹³⁵ TNA, SP 70/66, fo. 219.

¹³⁶ Procès-verbal of 30 December 1563, TNA, SP 70/66, fo. 219.

¹³⁷ BL, Lansdowne 102, fo. 52.

¹³⁸ No. 2.

¹³⁹ The best study of the marriage negotiations can be found in Doran, Monarchy and Matrimony, which argues that the French marriage were kept alive by the need to obtain better terms from the Habsburgs as well as to avoid Franco-Habsburg rapprochement at the looming Bayonne meeting. What de Foix's correspondence reveals is the degree of effort put into the negotiations by the French. On the imperatives behind Franco-Spanish negotiations, see Haan, Bertrand, L'Amitié entre princes: Une alliance franco-espagnole au temps des guerres de Religion (1560–1570) (Paris, 2011), 91–123CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

¹⁴⁰ No. 101, meeting of 24 March.

¹⁴¹ No. 91. The date of this can be established from No. 156, which mentions an earlier despatch of de Foix on the subject dated 11 December.

¹⁴² No. 95.

¹⁴³ ‘L. de Crussol’ to Elizabeth I, 29 February ‘1555’ [recte 1565], TNA, SP 70/76, fo. 147. Lambin, Rosine A., Femmes de paix: La Coexistence religieuse et les dames de la noblesse en France, 1520–1630 (Paris, 2003), 409–410Google Scholar, 381–386.

¹⁴⁴ No. 98. M.A.S. Hume in his old study of The Courtships of Queen Elizabeth (London, 1896) gave a narrative of this audience based on his reading of the ‘dépêches de Monsieur de Foix’ in the BN.

¹⁴⁵ No. 98, audience of 13 February.

¹⁴⁶ CSP Simancas, I, no. 288.

¹⁴⁷ See above, p. 000.

¹⁴⁸ Nos 12 and 21.

¹⁴⁹ No. 21.

¹⁵⁰ No. 41.

¹⁵¹ No. 94.

¹⁵² No. 103.

¹⁵³ No. 104.

¹⁵⁴ No. 109.

¹⁵⁵ No. 146.

¹⁵⁶ No. 163.

¹⁵⁷ His surviving despatches to the French court during this embassy are in BnF fr.16080, March 1569–September 1570 and BnF fr 16081.

¹⁵⁸ See CSPF, IX, nos 1632, 1732; BL Harl 260, fo. 86.

¹⁵⁹ Letters of credence 1 August 1571, CSPF, IX, nos 1898, 1899; TNA, SP 12/81, fo. 18. Cobham to Burghley, 5 September 1571.

¹⁶⁰ Summary of the negotiations with the English privy councillors, June 1572, BnF fr.17973 and later copy, fr.15888, fos 315–322.

¹⁶¹ TNA, SP 70/129A, fo. 147.

¹⁶² His original despatches in this period are in BnF fr.16044.

¹⁶³ Degert, Antoine, Le Cardinal d'Ossat, evêque de Rennes et de Bayeux (1537–1604) (Paris, 1894), 21Google Scholar. Lettres du cardinal d'Ossat, avec des notes historiques et politiques de Mr Amelot de La Houssaye, 5 vols (Amsterdam, 1704) I, 96.

¹⁶⁴ Les Lettres de messire Paul de Foix, archevesque de Tolose, & ambassadeur pour le roi auprès du pape Grégoire XIII, escrites au roi Henry III (Paris: Charles Chappelain, 1628).

¹⁶⁵ Forts, Philippe Des, Le Château de Villebon (Paris, 1914)Google Scholar.

¹⁶⁶ I visited these archives in 1973 and was allowed by M. Pierre de La Raudière to make many copies from his archives. The minutes of Claude de L'Aubespine for 1550 I subsequently published as ‘Documents Concerning the negotiation of the Anglo-French Treaty of March 1550’, Camden Miscellany, 4th ser., 29 (1984), 58–180.

¹⁶⁷ Catalogue de manuscrits et documents originaux en grand e partie, autographes et inédits relatifs à l'histoire de France et d'Angleterre retrouvés dans un vieux château de province … dont la vente aura lieu le 9 juin 1835 et jours suivans … par le ministère de Me Commandeur (Paris: Techener, 1835). Items no. 155 (de Foix's minute of a letter to Mary Stuart 1562), 244 (de Foix's correspondence of 1562); 245bis (affaires d'Angleterre); 254 (affaires d'Angleterre, 1563); 260 (affaires diverses, including a letter of de Foix, 1565); 263 (affaires d'Angleterre and despatches of de Foix in 1565, Mary Stuart to de Foix).

¹⁶⁸ Paris, L., Négociations lettres et pièces diverses relatives au règne de François II tirées du portefeuille de Sébastien de L'Aubespine (Paris, 1841)Google Scholar.

¹⁶⁹ BnF fr. 6612, 6613. 6612 contains the documents from no. 244 of the 1835 sale prefaced by some documents from earlier sale items from the late 1550s and early 1560s.

¹⁷⁰ Catalogue de vieux livres et de nombreux manuscrits et autographes … de la bibliothèque de feu M. Reboul dont la vente se fera le lundi 11 décembre 1843 … par le ministère de Me Lenormand de Villeneuve (Paris, 1843). Items 1401–1443 of this sale overlap with the items 46–48 and others of the 1835 sale, and consist of very similar material (i.e. letters that would have been received by Claude de L'Aubespine), but in most cases represent a further tranche of the archive. Item 244 of 1835 (de Foix's protest on 10 November 1562) is the same as item 1501 of Reboul.

¹⁷¹ BnF, fr. 15888, fo. 264r.

¹⁷² Cardinal Charles de Bourbon to M. de Gonnor, Abbeville, 13 September 1562, BnF CC Colbert, 24, fo. 173: ‘n'estoyt certain advis qui nous a faict la nuict passee un courier venant de la part de l'ambassadeur du Roy en Angleterre, qui asseure le Millor Grec [Lord Grey de Wilton] est embarqué de vendredy avec mil hommes pour secourir ceulx du Havre de Grace, et que dans troys jours s'embarquoyt le frere du Millor Robert avec six mil et plusieurs gentilzhommes francoys; que l'on avoyt assemblé allentour de Londre charroy pour mener vivres et munitions, qu'il avoyt veu tyrer grande quantité de pouldre de lad. Tour dud. Londres, qu'il estoyt passé tant beufz, bieres et autres vivres, qui n'est pas signe la Royne d'Angleterre se veulle contenter de l'aize en laquelle elle est’.

¹⁷³ Nicola Sutherland underlines the interchange between the departments of L'Aubespine and Bourdin, French Secretaries of State in the Age of Catherine de Medici (London, 1962), 32.

¹⁷⁴ Barbiche, B., L’Édition des textes anciens, XVIe–XVIIIe siècle (Paris, 1990)Google Scholar.