Hostname: page-component-669899f699-tpknm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-04-27T17:35:22.577Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Stellar Winds and Spindown — Observations

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 August 2017

L. Hartmann
L. Hartmann*
Affiliation:
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics 60 Garden Street Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Stars with masses ≲ 1 M⊙ are observed to rotate more slowly as they age. The angular momentum loss is undoubtedly caused by the coupling of the stellar magnetic field to the escaping wind (Schatzman 1962). Chromospheric and coronal radiative losses depend upon rotation (Wilson 1966a, b; Kraft 1967; Skumanich 1972; Hall 1976; Bopp 1980; Walter and Bowyer 1981; Walter 1981; Vaiana et al. 1981). It is therefore likely that both magnetic fields (Skumanich 1972) and the mechanical energy fluxes required to drive mass loss also depend upon rotation as well. This complicated feedback between magnetic fields, winds, and rotation must control the variation of solar-type activity over much of the HR diagram, and may have very important effects on pre-main sequence evolution.

Type
V. Stellar Winds and Spindown in Late — Type Stars
Information
Symposium - International Astronomical Union , Volume 102: Solar and Stellar Magnetic Fields: Origins and Coronal Effects , 1983 , pp. 417 - 438
Copyright
Copyright © Reidel 1983 

References

Alschuler, W.: 1975, Astrophys. J. 195, p. 649.Google Scholar
Altenhoff, W. J., Oster, L., and Wendker, H. J.: 1979, Astron. Astrophys. 73, p. L21.Google Scholar
Ayres, T. R., Linsky, J. L., Basri, G. S., Landsman, W., Henry, R. C., Moos, H. W., and Stencel, R. E.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 256, p. 550.Google Scholar
Baliunas, S. L.: 1982, private communication.Google Scholar
Bally, J. and Lada, C.: 1982, preprint.Google Scholar
Basri, G. S. and Linsky, J. L.: 1979, Astrophys. J. 234, p. 1023.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belcher, J. W.: 1971, Astrophys. J. 168, p. 509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belcher, J. W. and Davis, R. L.: 1971, J. Geophys. Res. 76, p. 3534.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belcher, J. W. and MacGregor, K. B.: 1976, Astrophys. J. 210, p. 498.Google Scholar
Bernat, A. P.: 1977, Astrophys. J. 213, p. 756.Google Scholar
Bopp, B. W.: 1980, Highlights of Astronomy 5, p. 847.Google Scholar
Bowers, P. F. and Kundu, M. R.: 1979, Astron. J. 84, p. 791.Google Scholar
De Campli, W.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 244, p. 124.Google Scholar
Dupree, A. K. and Hartmann, L.: 1980, in IAU Colloq. 51, ed. Gray, D. F. and Linsky, J. L., Springer, Heidelberg, p. 279.Google Scholar
Durney, B. R. and Stenflo, J. O.: 1972, Astrophys. Space Sci. 15, p. 307.Google Scholar
Eggleton, P. P.: 1976, IAU Symposium 73, eds. Eggleton, P., Mitton, S., and Whelan, J., Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 209.Google Scholar
Endal, A. and Sofia, S.: 1979, Astrophys. J. 232, p. 531.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Genzel, R., Reid, M. D., Moran, J. M., and Downes, D.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 244, p. 844.Google Scholar
Goldberg, L.: 1979, Quarterly Journ. Roy. Astron. Soc. 20, p. 361.Google Scholar
Goldberg, L., Hege, E. K., Hubbard, E. N., Strittmatter, P. A., and Cocke, W. J.: 1982, in “Second Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun”, ed. Giampapa, M. S. and Golub, L., SAO Special Report. 392, p. 131.Google Scholar
Gray, D. F.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 251, p. 155.Google Scholar
Gray, D. F.: 1982, Astrophys. J., in press.Google Scholar
Gray, D. F., and Endal, A. S.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 254, p. 162.Google Scholar
Hall, D. S.: 1976, in IAU Colloq. 29, ed. Fitch, W. S., Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 287.Google Scholar
Hagen, W.: 1978, Astrophys. J. Supp. 38, p. 1.Google Scholar
Hartmann, L.: 1982, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 48, p. 109.Google Scholar
Hartmann, L., Dupree, A. K., and Raymond, J. C.: 1980, Astrophys. J. (Letters) 236, p. L143.Google Scholar
Hartmann, L., Dupree, A. K., and Raymond, J. C.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 246, p. 193.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartmann, L., Dupree, A. K., and Raymond, J. C.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 252, p. 214.Google Scholar
Hartmann, L., Edwards, S., and Avrett, E. H.: 1982, Astrophys. J., in press.Google Scholar
Hartmann, L. and MacGregor, K. B.: 1980, Astrophys. J. 242, p. 260.Google Scholar
Hartmann, L. and MacGregor, K. B.: 1982, Astrophys. J., in press.Google Scholar
Hartmann, L., MacGregor, K. B., and Avrett, E. A.: 1982, in preparation.Google Scholar
Hollweg, J. V.: 1973, Astrophys. J. 181, p. 547.Google Scholar
Huang, S.-S.: 1966, Ann. d'astrophys. 29, p. 331.Google Scholar
Iben, I.: 1965, Astrophys. J. 142, p. 1447.Google Scholar
Jacques, S. A.: 1978, Astrophys. J. 226, p. 632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kraft, R. P.: 1967, Astrophys. J. 150, p. 551.Google Scholar
Kraft, R. P.: 1970, in “Spectroscopic Astrophysics”, ed. Herbig, G. H., Univ. of California, Berkeley, p. 385.Google Scholar
Linsky, J. L. and Haisch, B. M.: 1979, Astrophys. J. (Letters) 229, p. L27.Google Scholar
Middelkoop, F.: 1982, Astron. Astrophys., in press.Google Scholar
Munro, R. H. and Jackson, B. V.: 1977, Astrophys. J. 213, p. 874.Google Scholar
Newell, R. T. and Hjellming, R. M.: 1982, Astrophys. J. (Letters), in press.Google Scholar
Okamoto, I. and Sato, K.: 1970, Pub. Astron. Soc. Japan 22, p. 317.Google Scholar
Pallavicini, R., Golub, L., Rosner, R., Vaiana, G. S., Ayres, T., and Linsky, J. L.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 248, p. 279.Google Scholar
Reimers, D.: 1977, Astron. Astrophys. 57, p. 395.Google Scholar
Schatzman, E.: 1962, Ann. d'astrophys. 25, p. 18.Google Scholar
Simon, T., Linsky, J. L., and Stencel, R. E.: 1982, Astrophys. J., in press.Google Scholar
Skumanich, A.: 1972, Astrophys. J. 171, p. 565.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Skumanich, A. and Eddy, J. A.: 1981, in “Solar Phenomena in Stars and Stellar Systems”, ed. Bonnet, R. M. and Dupree, A. K., Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 368.Google Scholar
Smith, M. A.: 1979, Pub. Astron. Soc. Pacific 91, p. 737.Google Scholar
Soderblom, D. S.: 1980, Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Calif.-Santa Cruz.Google Scholar
Stencel, R. E., Linsky, J. L., Brown, A., Jordan, C., Carpenter, K. G., Wing, R. F., and Czyzak, S.: 1981, Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. 196, 47P.Google Scholar
Stencel, R. E. and Mullan, D. J.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 238, p. 221.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stern, R. A., Zolcinski, M.-C., Antiochos, S. K., and Underwood, J. H.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 249, p. 647.Google Scholar
Vaiana, G. S. et al.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 245, p. 163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van't Veer, F.: 1979, Astron. Astrophys. 80, p. 287.Google Scholar
Vaughan, A. H., Baliunas, S. L., Middelkoop, F., Hartmann, L., Mihalas, D., Noyes, R. W., and Preston, G. W.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 250, p. 276.Google Scholar
Vaughan, A. H. and Preston, G. W.: 1980, Pub. Astron. Soc. Pacific 92, p. 385.Google Scholar
Verbunt, F. and Zwaan, C.: 1981, Astron. Astrophys. 100, p. L7.Google Scholar
Vilhu, O.: 1982, Astron. Astrophys., in press.Google Scholar
Vogel, S. N. and Kuhi, L. V.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 245, p. 960.Google Scholar
Walter, F. M. and Bowyer, S.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 245, p. 671.Google Scholar
Walter, F. M.: 1981, Astrophys. J. 245, p. 677.Google Scholar
Weber, E. J. and Davis, L. Jr.: 1967, Astrophys. J. 148, p. 217.Google Scholar
White, N. M., Kreidl, T. J., and Goldberg, L.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 254, p. 670.Google Scholar
Wilson, O. C.: 1966a, Astrophys. J. 144, p. 695.Google Scholar
Wilson, O. C.: 1966b, Science 151, p. 1487.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, O. C.: 1970, Astrophys. J. 160, p. 225.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Withbroe, G. L. and Noyes, R. W.: 1977, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 15, p. 363.Google Scholar
Wolff, S. C., Edwards, S., and Preston, G. W.: 1982, Astrophys. J. 252, p. 322.Google Scholar