Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T12:59:18.938Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Depression in Mentally Handicapped Patients: Diagnostic and Neuroendocrine Evaluation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 January 2018

Lester Sireling*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, St George's Hospital, Blackshaw Road, London SW17 0QT

Abstract

The dexamethasone suppression test was administered to 12 mentally handicapped depressed patients. One of the four patients with major depressive disorder, but none of those with other diagnoses, failed to suppress Cortisol production. The International Classification of Diseases and the Newcastle Diagnostic Index were found to be unreliable for use with severely mentally handicapped patients. Modifications are proposed which would allow the Research Diagnostic Criteria and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression to be applied to patients with any degree of mental handicap.

Type
Papers
Copyright
Copyright © 1986 The Royal College of Psychiatrists 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ballinger, B. R., Armstrong, J., Presley, A. S. & Reid, A. H. (1975) Use of a standardised psychiatric interview in mentally handicapped patients. British Journal of Psychiatry. 127, 540544.Google Scholar
Carney, M. W. P., Roth, M. & Garside, R. F. (1965) The diagnosis of depressive syndromes and the prediction of ECT response. British Journal of Psychiatry, 111, 659674.Google Scholar
Carroll, B. J., Feinberg, M., Greden, J. F., Tarika, J., Albala, A. A., Haskett, R. F., James, N. M., Kronfol, Z., Lohr, N., Steiner, M., de Vigne, J. P. & Young, E. (1981) A specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of melancholia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 1522.Google Scholar
Carroll, B. J., (1982) The dexamethasone suppression test for melancholia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 292304.Google Scholar
Coppen, A., Abou-Saleh, M., Milln, P., Metcalfe, M., Harwood, J. & Bailey, J. (1983) Dexamethasone suppression test in depression and other psychiatric illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 498504.Google Scholar
Hamilton, M. (1967) Development of a rating scale for primary depressive illness. British Journal of Clinical and Social Psychology, 6, 278296.Google Scholar
Heaton-Ward, A. (1977) Psychosis in mental handicap. British Journal of Psychiatry, 130, 525533.Google Scholar
Kazdin, A. E. Matson, J. L. & Senatore, V. (1983) Assessment of depression in mentally retarded adults. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 10401043.Google Scholar
Matson, J. L. (1982) The treatment of behavioural characteristics of depression in the mentally retarded. Behavior Therapy, 13, 209218.Google Scholar
Poznanski, E. O. Carroll, B. J., Banegas, M. C., Cook, S. C. & Grossman, J. A. (1982) The dexamethasone suppression test in prepubertal depressed children. American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 321324.Google Scholar
Privitera, M. R., Greden, J. F., Gardner, R. W., Ritchie, J. C. & Carroll, B. J. (1982) Interference by carbamazepine with the dexamethasone suppression test. Biological Psychiatry, 17, 611620.Google Scholar
Reid, A. H. (1972) Psychosis in adult mental defectives: I. Manic depressive psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry, 120, 205212.Google Scholar
Russell, A. P. & Tanguay, P. E. (1981) Mental illness and mental retardation. Cause or coincidence? American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 83, 570574.Google Scholar
Schlesser, M. A., Winokur, G. & Sherman, B. M. (1980) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity in depressive illness. Archives of General Psychiatry. 37, 737743.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sireling, L. I., Freeling, P., Paykel, E. S. & Rao, B. M. (1985) Depression in general practice: clinical features and comparison with out-patients. British Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 119126.Google Scholar
Sovner, R. & Hurley, A. D. (1983) Do the mentally retarded suffer from affective illness? Archives of General Psychiatry, 40, 6167.Google Scholar
Spar, J. E. & Gerner, R. (1982) Does the dexamethasone suppression test distinguish dementia from depression? American Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 238240.Google Scholar
Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J. & Robins, E. (1978) Research diagnostic criteria: rationale and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 35, 773782.Google Scholar
World Health Organisation (1978) Mental disorders: glossary and guide to their classification in accordance with the ninth revision of the International Classification of Diseases. Geneva: World Health Organisation.Google Scholar
Wright, E. C. (1982) The presentation of mental illness in mentally retarded adults. British Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 496502.Google Scholar
Submit a response

eLetters

No eLetters have been published for this article.