Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-mkpzs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T06:36:15.400Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Comparative study of structural and morphological properties of nanostructured CuIn2n+1S3n+2 (n = 0, 1 and 2) thin films produced by oblique angle deposition

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 November 2013

Azza Sinaoui*
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semiconducteurs - ENIT - Université Tunis ElManar, BP 37, Le belvédère 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
Naoufel Khemiri
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semiconducteurs - ENIT - Université Tunis ElManar, BP 37, Le belvédère 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
Ferid Chaffar-Akkari
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semiconducteurs - ENIT - Université Tunis ElManar, BP 37, Le belvédère 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
Bruno Gallas
Affiliation:
Institut des NanoSciences de Paris-CNRS-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 140 rue de Lourmel, 75015 Paris, France
Mounir Kanzari
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Photovoltaïque et Matériaux Semiconducteurs - ENIT - Université Tunis ElManar, BP 37, Le belvédère 1002 Tunis, Tunisia
Get access

Abstract

CuInS2, CuIn3S5 and CuIn5S8 films were grown by thermal evaporation using oblique angle deposition technique. During the deposition, the substrate temperature was maintained at Ts = 150 °C and the deposition angle was fixed at α = 0° and 85°. The powders and thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). From the XRD data of powders, we calculated the lattice parameters of the structure for the different compounds. XRD patterns of thin films revealed that all samples deposited at α = 0° were polycrystalline. Indeed, CuInS2 and CuIn3S5 films had a chalcopyrite structure with preferred orientation along (1 1 2) while CuIn5S8 films exhibit a spinel structure with preferred orientation along (3 1 1). However, CuIn2n+1S3n+2 with n = 0, 1 and 2 films deposited at α = 85° were amorphous in nature. The surface and cross-section of the films were observed by AFM and SEM. The oblique angle deposition films showed an inclined columnar structure, with columns tilting in the direction of the incident flux. The surface roughness of the different films deposited, respectively, at α = 0° and 85° was determined by two methods (AFM and spectrophotometric analysis). The obtained values show an increase of the surface roughness by increasing the deposition angle α.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© EDP Sciences, 2013

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Robbie, K., Brett, M.J., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 15, 1460 (1997)CrossRef
Szmajaa, W., Koziowskia, W., Balcerskia, J., Kowalczyka, P.J., Grobelnyb, J., J. Alloys Compd. 506, 526 (2010)CrossRef
Dick, B., Brett, M.J., Smy, T., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B 21, 23 (2003)CrossRef
Robbie, K., Brett, M.J., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 13, 2991 (1995)CrossRef
Lintymer, J., Martin, N., Chappe, J.M., Delobelle, P., Takadoum, J., Surf. Coat. Technol. 180–181, 26 (2004)CrossRef
Thornton, J.A., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 11, 666 (1974)CrossRef
Hodgkinson, I.J., Horowitz, F., Macleod, H.A., Sikkens, M., Wharton, J.J., J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 2, 1693 (1985)CrossRef
Qi, H.J., Shao, J.D., Zhang, D.P., Yi, K., Fan, Z.X., Appl. Surf. Sci. 253, 3004 (2007)CrossRef
Hawkeye, M.M., Brett, M.J., J. Appl. Phys. 100, 044322 (2006)CrossRef
Yu, D., Wang, C., Cheng, X., Zhang, F., Appl. Surf. Sci. 255, 1865 (2008)CrossRef
Kiema, G.K., Colgan, M.J, Brett, M.J., Sol. Energy Matter. Sol. Cells 85, 321 (2005)CrossRef
Ertekin, E., Lakhtakia, A., Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 5, 45 (1999)CrossRef
Siemer, K., Klaer, J., Luck, I., Bruns, J., Klenk, R., Braunig, D., Sol. Energy Matter. Sol. Cells 67, 159 (2001)CrossRef
Scheer, R., Walter, T., Schock, H.W., Fearheiley, M.L., Lewerenz, H.J., Appl. Phys. Lett. 63, 3294 (1993)CrossRef
Malar, P., Savitha Pillai, S., Kasiviswanathan, S., Mater. Chem. Phys. 101, 118 (2007)CrossRef
Zhang, S.B., Wei, S.H., Zunger, A., Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 4059 (1997)CrossRef
Py, F., Olivier-Fourcade, J., Jumas, J.C., J. Solid State Chem. 99, 319 (1992)CrossRef
Sharma, R., Ghule, A., Taur, V., Joshi, R., Mane, R., Vyas, J.C., Cai, G., Ganesh, T., Min, S., Lee, W., Han, S.H., Appl. Surf. Sci. 255, 8158 (2009)CrossRef
Py, F., Olivier-Fourcade, J., Jumas, J.C., J. Solid State Chem. 99, 319 (1992)CrossRef
Py, F., Womesa, M., Durandc, J.M., Olivier-Fourcade, J., Jumas, J.C., Esteva, J.M., Karnatak, R.C., J. Alloys Compd. 178, 297 (1992)CrossRef
Khemiri, N., Abdelkader, D., Khalfallah, B., Kanzari, M., Open Journal of Synthesis Theory and Applications 2, 33 (2013)CrossRef
Cullity, B.D., Elements of X-Ray Diffraction (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Boston, 1956)Google Scholar
Bodnar, I.V., Inorg. Mater. 36, 660 (2000)CrossRef
Qasrawi, A.F., Gasanly, N.M., Cryst. Res. Technol. 36, 1399 (2001)3.0.CO;2-O>CrossRef
Shetty, A.R., Karimi, A., Cantoni, M., Thin Solid Films 519, 4262 (2011)CrossRef
Wang, S., Fu, X., Xia, G., Wang, J., Shao, J., Fan, Z., Appl. Surf. Sci. 252, 8734 (2006)CrossRef
Warren, B.E., X-ray Diffraction (Dover, New York, 1990)Google Scholar
Vick, D., Friedrich, L.J., Dew, S.K., Brett, M.J., Robbie, K., Steo, M., Smy, T., Thin Solid Films 339, 88 (1999)CrossRef
Wuhrer, R., Yeung, W.Y., J. Mater. Sci. 37, 1993 (2002)CrossRef
Nieuwenhizen, J.M., Haanstra, H.B., Philips Tech. Rev. 27, 87 (1996)
Tait, R.N., Smy, T., Brett, M.J., Thin Solid Films 226, 196 (1993)CrossRef
Kanzari, M., Rezig, B., Semicond. Sci. Technol. 15, 335 (2000)CrossRef
Savadogo, O., Manda, K.C., Sol. Energy Matter. Sol. Cells 26, 117 (1992)CrossRef
Djessas, K., Masse, G., Ibannaim, M., J. Electrochem. Soc. 147, 1235 (2000)CrossRef
Chan, A.C.K., Wang, H., Chan, M.J., IEEE Electron Device Lett. 22, 384 (2001)CrossRef
Poortmans, J., Arkhipov, V., Thin Film Solar Cells: Fabrication, Characterization and Applications (John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2006)CrossRefGoogle Scholar