Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T18:31:51.608Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

HUNTING GWENDOLEN: ANIMETAPHOR IN DANIEL DERONDA

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 March 2012

Chase Pielak*
Affiliation:
Claremont Graduate University

Extract

In George Eliot'sDanielDeronda, animal vitality figures prominently in shaping the human shell, to use an opening animal metaphor. Approaching the significance of the animal leads to a reading of Gwendolen Grandcourt's character as a responsible creature. Gwendolen is Eliot's heroine, one half of the pair of protagonists around whom the novel revolves. Eliot's fantastic character takes shape in three movements, each punctuated by its own animal metaphor: Gwendolen morphs from Lamia to mastered-animal to white doe. Animal imagery appears at the edge of the human, the point at which humanity gains and loses subjectivity, and Gwendolen's novel is fundamentally one of finding her place in the world, her singularity, her responsibility. Images of animals stand in the linguistic gaps – in the places words fail – to figure the subject.1 Animals appear at the end of the ability of language to mean. Nevertheless, this analysis is not intended to encompass the complex range of animal representations in George's Eliot's oeuvre, or even to catalog every example in Daniel Deronda. Instead, it suggests the possibility of using animal metaphor as a map for reading a Victorian heroine.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

WORKS CITED

Agamben, Giorgio. The Open: Man and Animal. Trans. Attell, Kevin. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2004.Google Scholar
Baker, Steve. Picturing the Beast: Animals, Identity, and Representation. Chicago: U of Illinois P, 2001.Google Scholar
Benson, James. “‘Sympathetic’ Criticism: George Eliot's Response to Contemporary Reviewing.” Nineteenth-Century Fiction 29 (1975): 428–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Calarco, Matthew. Zoographies: The Question of the Animal from Heidegger to Derrida. New York: Columbia UP, 2008.Google Scholar
Carroll, D. R.“The Unity of Daniel Deronda.” Essays in Criticism 9.4 (1959): 369–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chase, Cynthia. Decomposing Figures: Rhetorical Readings in the Romantic Tradition. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins UP, 1986.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danahay, Martin. “Nature Red in Hoof and Paw.” Ed. Morse and Danahay. 97–119.Google Scholar
De Man, Paul. The Rhetoric of Romanticism. New York: Columbia UP, 1984.Google Scholar
Derrida, Jacques. The Animal That Therefore I Am. Trans. Wills, David. New York: Fordham UP, 2008.Google Scholar
Derrida, Jacques. The Beast and the Sovereign. Trans. Bennington, Geoffrey. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2009.Google Scholar
D'Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine. The Fairy Tales of Madame D'Aulnoy. Trans. Thackeray Ritchie, Anne. Honolulu: UP of the Pacific, 2003.Google Scholar
Eliot, George. Daniel Deronda. New York: Barnes and Noble, 2005.Google Scholar
Gigante, Denise. “The Monster in the Rainbow: Keats and the Science of Life.” PMLA 117 (2002): 433–48.Google Scholar
Hardy, Barbara. “Imagery in George Eliot's Last Novels.” The Modern Language Review 50 (1955): 614.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kearney, John. “Time and Beauty in Daniel Deronda: ‘Was She Beautiful or Not Beautiful?’” Nineteenth-Century Fiction 26 (1971): 286306.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keats, John. Complete Poems and Selected Letters of John Keats. New York: Modern Library, 2001.Google Scholar
Kreilkamp, Ivan. “Dying Like a Dog in Great Expectations.” Ed. Morse and Danahay. 81–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuzniar, Alice. Melancholia's Dog: Reflections on our Animal Kinship. Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2006.Google Scholar
Levine, George. “George Eliot's Hypothesis of Reality.” Nineteenth-Century Fiction 35 (1980): 128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lippit, Akira Mizuta. Electric Animal: Toward a Rhetoric of Wildlife. Minneapolis: U of Minnesota P, 2000.Google Scholar
Lippit, Akira Mizuta. “Magnetic Animal: Derrida, Wildlife, Animetaphor.” MLN 113 (1998): 1111–25.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mangum, Teresa. “Animal Angst: Victorians Memorialize their Pets.” Ed. Morse and Danahay. 15–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mangum, Teresa. “Dog Years, Human Fears.” Representing Animals. Ed. Rothfels, Nigel. Indianapolis: Indiana UP, 2002. 3547.Google Scholar
Mann, Karen. “George Eliot's Language of Nature: Production and Consumption.” ELH 48 (1981): 190216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Michie, Elsie. “Horses and Sexual/Social Dominance.” Ed. Morse and Danahay. 145–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morse, Deborah Denenholz, and Danahay, Martin. “Introduction.” Ed. Morse and Danahay. 1–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morse, Deborah Denenholz, and Danahay, Martin, eds. Victorian Animal Dreams: Representations of Animals in Victorian Literature and Culture. Burlington: Ashgate, 2007.Google Scholar
Norris, Margot. “Kafka's Josefine: The Animal as the Negative Site of Narration.” MLN 98 (1983): 366383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Penner, Louise. “‘Unmapped Country’: Uncovering Hidden Wounds in Daniel Deronda.” Victorian Literature and Culture 30.1 (2002): 7797.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Redfield, Marc. Phantom Formations: Aesthetic Ideology and the Bildungsroman. New York: Cornell UP, 1996.Google Scholar
Ritvo, Harriet. “Pride and Pedigree: The Evolution of the Victorian Dog Fancy.” Victorian Studies 29 (1986): 227–53.Google Scholar
Schmitt, Cannon. “Victorian Beetlemania.” Ed. Morse and Danahay. 35–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wordsworth, William. Wordsworth's Poetical Works. Ed. Hutchinson, Thomas. New York: Oxford UP, 1987.Google Scholar