Hostname: page-component-5c6d5d7d68-thh2z Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-09T03:19:04.586Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Control of Yellow Rocket and White Cockle in Established Alfalfa

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

R. E. Hastings
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Cyril A. Kust
Affiliation:
University of Wisconsin, Madison

Abstract

Yellow rocket (Barbarea vulgaris R. Br.) was effectively controlled in established alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by September 15 applications of 2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine (simazine), 2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine (atrazine), 3-tert-butyl-5-chloro-6-methyluracil (terbacil), and 2-sec-butylamino-4-ethylamino-6-methoxy-s-triazine (hereinafter referred to as GS 14254). White cockle (Lychnis alba Mill.) was more difficult to control, but simazine was the most effective herbicide. Herbicide applications in early October reduced reserve nonstructural carbohydrate accumulations in roots of yellow rocket by November 15 but not in white cockle. Alfalfa yields were not reduced by two consecutive autumn applications of the herbicides at rates that provided adequate control of yellow rocket and white cockle.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 1970 Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Aldous, A. E. 1930. Relation of organic food reserves to the growth of some Kansas pasture plants. Agron. J. 22:385392.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2. Arny, A. C. 1932. Variations in the organic reserves in underground parts of five perennial weeds from late April to November. Minnesota Agr. Exp. Sta. Tech. Bull. 84. 28 p.Google Scholar
3. Bakke, A. L., Goessler, W. G. and Loomis, W. E. 1939. Relation of food reserves to control of European bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis L.). Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Bull. 254. pp. 113144.Google Scholar
4. Dexter, S. T. 1933. Effect of several environmental factors on the hardening of plants. Plant Physiol. 8:123139.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5. Dexter, S. T. 1937. The winterhardiness of weeds. J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 29:512517.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
6. Fertig, S. N. 1968. Broadleaf weed problems of the Northeast Weed Control Conference. Proc. North East Weed Contr. Conf. 22:1926.Google Scholar
7. Graber, L. F., Nelson, N. T., Luekel, W. A. and Albert, W. B. 1927. Organic food reserves in relation to growth of alfalfa and other perennial herbaceous plants. Wisconsin Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Bull. 80. 128 p.Google Scholar
8. Grandfield, C. O. 1943. Food reserves and their translocations to the crown buds as related to cold and drought resistance in alfalfa. J. Agr. Res. 67:3347.Google Scholar
9. Hastings, R. E. and Kust, Cyril A. 1970. Reserve carbohydrate storage and utilization by yellow rocket, white cockle, and hoary alyssum. Weed Sci. 18:140148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Heinze, P. H. and Murneek, A. E. 1940. Comparative accuracy and efficiency in determination of carbohydrates in plant material. Missouri Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Bull. 314. 23 p.Google Scholar
11. Jung, G. A. and Smith, Dale. 1960. Influence of extended storage at constant low temperature on cold resistance and carbohydrate reserves of alfalfa and medium red clover. Plant Physiol. 35:123125.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12. Kust, C. A. 1969. Selective control of hoary alyssum in alfalfa. Weed Sci. 17:99101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
13. Lindahl, I., Davis, R. E. and Shepherd, W. O. 1949. The application of the total available carbohydrate method to the study of carbohydrate reserves of switch cane (Arundinaria tecta . Plant Physiol. 24:285294.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14. Mark, J. J. 1936. The relation of reserves to cold resistance in alfalfa. Iowa Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Bull. 208. 335 p.Google Scholar
15. Peters, R. A. and O'Leary, R. M. 1967. Herbicidal response of white cockle (Lychnis alba) and other winter weeds associated with alfalfa. Proc. North East Weed Contr. Conf. 21:299302.Google Scholar
16. Slife, F. W., Buchholz, K. P. and Kommedahl, Thor. 1960. Weeds of the North Central States. Univ. of Illinois Agr. Exp. Sta. Cir. 718. 262 p.Google Scholar
17. Smith, Dale. 1969. Removing and analyzing total nonstructural carbohydrates from plant tissue. Wisconsin Agr. Exp. Sta. Res. Rept. 41. 11 p.Google Scholar
18. Tysdal, H. M. 1933. Influence of light, temperature, and soil moisture on the hardening process in alfalfa. J. Agr. Res. 46:483515.Google Scholar
19. Weed Society of America. 1967. Herbicide Handbook of the Weed Society of America. W. F. Humphrey Press, Inc., Geneva, N. Y. 293 p.Google Scholar
20. Weinmann, H. 1947. Determination of total available carbohydrates in plants. Plant Physiol. 22:279290.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21. Welton, F. A., Morris, V. H. and Hartzler, A. J. 1929. Organic food reserves in relation to eradication of Canada thistle. Ohio Agr. Exp. Sta. Bull. 411. 25 p.Google Scholar