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Distribution of Urophora affinis and U. quadrifasciata, Two Flies Introduced for Biological Control of Spotted Knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) in Montana

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Jim M. Story ,
Robert M. Nowierski  and
Keith W. Boggs
Jim M. Story
Affiliation:
Western Agric. Res. Ctr., Corvallis, MT 59828
Robert M. Nowierski
Affiliation:
Dep. Entomol., Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59717
Keith W. Boggs
Affiliation:
Western Agric. Res. Ctr., Corvallis, MT 59828
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Abstract

A survey was conducted at 88 sites in Montana in 1984 and 1985 to determine the distribution of Urophora affinis Frauenfeld and U. quadrifasciata (Meigen), two seed head flies released on spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa Lam. # CENMA) in North America. U. affinis, released in Montana during 1973 to 1977, was found at 40 of the 88 sites. The fly was concentrated within a short radius (about 5 to 8 km) of release sites, even at sites having well-established populations. U. quadrifasciata, released in British Columbia in 1972, but not in the United States, was found at 84 sites. The data suggest that the fly entered the state in the northwest corner and dispersed in a southeasterly direction. There was a strong positive relationship between mean number of galls per seed head and percent infestation for both fly species.

Keywords

SurveygallsDipteraTephritidaeseed headsCENMA
Type
Weed Biology and Ecology
Information
Weed Science , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , March 1987 , pp. 145 - 148
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

Literature Cited

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