Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-jkksz Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T05:27:32.919Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Diverse Rotations and Optimal Cultural Practices Control Wild Oat (Avena fatua)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

K. Neil Harker ,
John T. O'Donovan ,
T. Kelly Turkington ,
Robert E. Blackshaw ,
Newton Z. Lupwayi ,
Elwin G. Smith ,
Eric N. Johnson ,
Denis Pageau ,
Steven J. Shirtliffe  and
Robert H. Gulden
...Show all authors
K. Neil Harker*
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
John T. O'Donovan
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
T. Kelly Turkington
Affiliation:
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (AAFC), Lacombe Research Centre, 6000 C & E Trail, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada T4L 1W1
Robert E. Blackshaw
Affiliation:
AAFC, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
Newton Z. Lupwayi
Affiliation:
AAFC, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
Elwin G. Smith
Affiliation:
AAFC, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada T1J 4B1
Eric N. Johnson
Affiliation:
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A8
Denis Pageau
Affiliation:
AAFC, Normandin, Quebec, Canada G8M 4K3
Steven J. Shirtliffe
Affiliation:
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A8
Robert H. Gulden
Affiliation:
University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N
John Rowsell
Affiliation:
University of Guelph, New Liskeard, Ontario, Canada P0J 1P0
Linda M. Hall
Affiliation:
twelfth author: Professor, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2P5
Christian J. Willenborg
Affiliation:
University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada S7N 5A8
*
Corresponding author's E-Mail: neil.harker@agr.gc.ca
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

In western Canada, more money is spent on wild oat herbicides than on any other weed species, and wild oat resistance to herbicides is the most widespread resistance issue. A direct-seeded field experiment was conducted from 2010 to 2014 at eight Canadian sites to determine crop life cycle, crop species, crop seeding rate, crop usage, and herbicide rate combination effects on wild oat management and canola yield. Combining 2× seeding rates of early-cut barley silage with 2× seeding rates of winter cereals and excluding wild oat herbicides for 3 of 5 yr (2011 to 2013) often led to similar wild oat density, aboveground wild oat biomass, wild oat seed density in the soil, and canola yield as a repeated canola–wheat rotation under a full wild oat herbicide rate regime. Wild oat was similarly well managed after 3 yr of perennial alfalfa without wild oat herbicides. Forgoing wild oat herbicides in only 2 of 5 yr from exclusively summer annual crop rotations resulted in higher wild oat density, biomass, and seed banks. Management systems that effectively combine diverse and optimal cultural practices against weeds, and limit herbicide use, reduce selection pressure for weed resistance to herbicides and prolong the utility of threatened herbicide tools.

Keywords

Wild oat, Avena fatua L.alfalfa, Medicago sativa L.barley, Hordeum vulgare L.canola, Brassica napus L.wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Alternative weed managementcombined practicescrop life cycleherbicide resistanceintegrated weed managementperennial forageselection pressure
Type
Weed Management
Information
Weed Science , Volume 64 , Issue 1 , March 2016 , pp. 170 - 180
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor for this paper: Adam Davis, USDA-ARS.

References

Literature Cited

Anderson, RL (2005) A multi-tactic approach to manage weed population dynamics in crop rotations. Agron J 97:1579–1583 Google Scholar
Atwood, WM (1914) A physiological study of the germination of Avena fatua . Bot Gaz 57:386–414 Google Scholar
Banting, JD (1974) Growth habit and control of wild oats. Canada Department of Agriculture Publ No 1531. p 34 Google Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Francis, A, Hall, LM (2012) The biology of Canadian weeds. 27. Avena fatua L. (updated). Can J Plant Sci 92:1329–1357 Google Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Gulden, RH, Shaikh, N, Johnson, EN, Willenborg, CJ, Brenzil, CA, Shirriff, SW, Lozinski, C, Ford, G (2015) Glyphosate-resistant kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.) in Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Can J Plant Sci 95:345–349 Google Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Johnson, EN, Leeson, JY, Shirriff, SW, Kapiniak, A (2014) Selection and evolution of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC)-inhibitor resistance in wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in a long-term alternative cropping systems study. Can J Plant Sci 94:727–731 Google Scholar
Beckie, HJ, Thomas, AG, Legere, A, Kelner, DJ, Van Acker, RC, Meers, S (1999) Nature, occurrence, and cost of herbicide-resistant wild oat (Avena fatua) in small-grain production areas. Weed Technol 13:612–625 Google Scholar
Beres, BL, Harker, KN, Clayton, GW, Bremer, E, Blackshaw, RE, Graf, RJ (2010) Weed competitive ability of spring and winter cereals in the Northern Great Plains. Weed Technol 24:108–116 Google Scholar
Blackshaw, RE (1994) Rotation affects downy brome (Bromus tectorum) in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Weed Technol 8:728–732 Google Scholar
Blackshaw, RE, Harker, KN, O'Donovan, JT, Beckie, HJ, Smith, EG (2008) Ongoing development of integrated weed management systems on the Canadian Prairies. Weed Sci 56:146–150 Google Scholar
Blackshaw, RE, Moyer, JR, Harker, KN, Clayton, GW (2005) Integration of agronomic practices and herbicides for sustainable weed management in zero-till barley field pea rotation. Weed Technol 19:190–196 Google Scholar
Brown, DA (1953) Wild oats—progress in cultural control. Weeds 2:295–299 Google Scholar
Carmer, SG, Walker, WM (1988) Significance from a statistician's viewpoint. J Prod Agric 1:27–33 Google Scholar
Davis, AS, Hill, JD, Chase, CA, Johanns, AM, Liebman, M (2012) Increasing cropping system diversity balances productivity, profitability and environmental health. PLoS ONE 7:e47149 Google Scholar
Dekker, J (2013) Soil–weed seed communication systems. Univ J Plant Sci 1:9–20 Google Scholar
Duke, SO (2012) Why have no new herbicide modes of action appeared in recent years? Pest Manag Sci 68:505–512 Google Scholar
Entz, MH, Bullied, WJ, Katepa-Mupondwa, F (1995) Rotational benefits of forage crops in Canadian Prairie cropping systems. J Prod Agric 8:521–529 Google Scholar
Ervin, DE, Frisvold, D (2015) Toward a Community-Based Approach for Weed Management. http://wssa.net/meeting/2015-annual-meeting/. Accessed April 28, 2015Google Scholar
Green, JM (2009) Evolution of glyphosate-resistant crop technology. Weed Sci 57:108–117 Google Scholar
Harker, KN, Kirkland, KJ, Baron, VS, Clayton, GW (2003) Early-harvest barley (Hordeum vulgare) silage reduces wild oat (Avena fatua) densities under zero tillage. Weed Technol 17:102–110 Google Scholar
Harker, KN, O'Donovan, JT (2013) Recent weed control, weed management and integrated weed management. Weed Technol 27:1–11 Google Scholar
Harker, KN, O'Donovan, JT, Blackshaw, RE, Beckie, HJ, Mallory-Smith, C, Maxwell, BD (2012) Our view. Weed Sci 60:143–144 Google Scholar
Harker, KN, O'Donovan, JT, Irvine, RB, Turkington, TK, Clayton, GW (2009) Integrating cropping systems with cultural techniques augments wild oat (Avena fatua) management in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Weed Sci 57:326–337 Google Scholar
Harker, KN, O'Donovan, JT, Turkington, TK, Blackshaw, RE, Lupwayi, NZ, Smith, EG, Johnson, EN, Gan, Y, Kutcher, HR, Dosdall, LM, Peng, G (2015) Canola rotation frequency impacts canola yield and associated pest species. Can J Plant Sci 95:9–20 Google Scholar
Heap, IM (2015) The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. http://www.weedscience.org. Accessed July 10, 2015Google Scholar
Johnston, AM, Kutcher, HR, Bailey, KL (2005) Impact of crop sequence decisions in the Saskatchewan Parkland. Can J Plant Sci 85:95–102 Google Scholar
Leeson, JY, Thomas, AG, O'Donovan, J (2006) Economic impact of alien weeds on wheat, barley and canola production. Available at http://weedscience.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2009_charlottetown.pdf. Accessed November 11, 2015Google Scholar
Liebman, M, Gallandt, ER (1997) Many little hammers: ecological management of crop-weed interactions. Pages 291–343 in Jackson, LE, ed. Ecology in Agriculture. San Diego, CA Academic Google Scholar
Littell, RC, Milliken, GA, Stroup, WW, Wolfinger, RD (2006) SAS® System for Mixed Models. 2nd edn. Cary, NC SAS Institute, 814 pGoogle Scholar
Maxwell, BD (1999) My view. Weed Sci 47:129 Google Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, Ward, SM, Shaw, DR, Llewellyn, RS, Nichols, RL, Webster, TM, Bradley, KW, Frisvold, G, Powles, SB, Burgos, NR, Witt, WW, Barrett, M (2012) Reducing the risks of herbicide resistance: best management practices and recommendations. Weed Sci 60(Issue sp1):31–62 Google Scholar
O'Donovan, JT, Blackshaw, RE, Harker, KN, Clayton, GW, Moyer, JR, Dosdall, LM, Maurice, DC, Turkington, TK (2007) Integrated approaches to managing weeds in spring-sown crops in western Canada. Crop Protect 26:390–398 Google Scholar
O'Donovan, JT, Grant, CA, Blackshaw, RE, Harker, KN, Johnson, EN, Gan, Y, Lafond, GP, May, WE, Turkington, TK, Lupwayi, NZ, Stevenson, FC, McLaren, DL, Khakbazan, M, Smith, EG (2014) Rotational effects of legumes and non-legumes on hybrid canola and malting barley. Agron J 106:1921–1932 Google Scholar
O'Donovan, JT, Harker, KN, Clayton, GW, Blackshaw, RE (2006) Comparison of a glyphosate-resistant canola (Brassica napus L.) system with traditional herbicide regimes. Weed Technol 20:494–501 Google Scholar
O'Donovan, JT, Harker, KN, Clayton, GW, Hall, LM (2000) Wild oat (Avena fatua) interference in barley (Hordeum vulgare) is influenced by barley variety and seeding rate. Weed Technol 14:624–629 Google Scholar
O'Donovan, JT, Harker, KN., Turkington, TK, Clayton, GW (2013) Combining cultural practices with herbicides reduces wild oat seed in the soil seed bank and improves barley yield. Weed Sci 61:328–333 Google Scholar
O'Donovan, JT, Newman, JC, Harker, KN, Blackshaw, RE, McAndrew, DW (1999) Effect of barley plant density on wild oat interference, shoot biomass and seed yield under zero tillage. Can J Plant Sci 79:655–662 Google Scholar
Ominski, PD, Entz, MH, Kenkel, N (1999) Weed suppression by Medicago sativa in subsequent cereal crops: a comparative survey. Weed Sci 47:282–290 Google Scholar
Owen, MD (2015) Approaches to Holistic Weed Management in Order to Manage Herbicide-Resistant Weeds. http://wssa.net/meeting/2015-annual-meeting/. Accessed April 28, 2015Google Scholar
Owen, MDK, Beckie, HJ, Leeson, JY, Norsworthy, JK, Steckel, LE (2015) Integrated pest management and weed management in the United States and Canada. Pest Manag Sci 71:357–376 Google Scholar
Powles, SB, Yu, Q (2010) Evolution in action: plant resistance to herbicides. Ann Rev Plant Biol 61:317–347 Google Scholar
SAS Institute (2013) SAS/STAT® 13.1 User's Guide. Cary, NC SAS Institute. 9480 pGoogle Scholar
Sharma, MP, McBeath, DK, Vanden Born, WH (1976) Studies on the biology of wild oats. I. Dormancy, germination and emergence. Can J Plant Sci 56:611–618 Google Scholar
Thurston, JM (1962a) An international experiment on the effect of age and storage conditions on viability and dormancy of Avena fatua seeds. Weed Res 2:122–129 Google Scholar
Thurston, JM (1962b) The effect of competition from cereal crops on the germination and growth of Avena fatua in a naturally-infested field. Weed Res 2:192–207 Google Scholar
Trewavas, AJ (1987) Timing and memory processes in seed embryo—a conceptual paradigm for plant development questions. BioEssays 6:87–92 Google Scholar
Wilson, RS, Hooker, N, Tucker, M, LeJeune, J, Doohan, D (2009) Targeting the farmer decision making process: a pathway to increased adoption of integrated weed management. Crop Prot 28:756–764 Google Scholar
Yang, RC (2010) Towards understanding and use of mixed model analysis of agricultural experiments. Can J Plant Sci 90:605–627 Google Scholar
Zadoks, JC, Chang, TT, Konzak, CF (1974) A decimal code for the growth stage of cereals. Weed Res 14:415–421 Google Scholar