Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-26T03:34:19.038Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Growth and Development of Silverleaf Nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

John W. Boyd  and
Don S. Murray
John W. Boyd
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078
Don S. Murray
Affiliation:
Dep. Agron., Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, OK 74078
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Controlled – environment studies were conducted to determine the influence of temperature, light, seed weight, depth of planting, substrate pH, and salinity on the germination and emergence of silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.). The effects of planting date, top removal, and root-cutting length on establishment were studied in the field. Fluctuating temperatures of 20 to 30C produced 57% germination. Maximum germination, 59%, occurred between pH 6 and 7. NaCl concentrations greater than 2500 ppmw caused germination to decrease 85% or more compared to the control. Light was not important for germination. Mean seedling emergence was 46% from depths of 1.0 to 2.5 cm. Silverleaf nightshade seedling emergence from a 2-cm depth was 31% greater in a sandy soil than a loam. Delayed seeding caused a decline in dry-weight accumulation of above-ground parts. Fifteen percent of seedlings clipped 15 days after emergence were capable of regrowth, and after 30 days or more, 90% of the clipped plants regrew.

Keywords

Planting datetop removalroot lengthplanting depthsalinity
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 30 , Issue 3 , May 1982 , pp. 238 - 243
Copyright
Copyright © 1982 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Abernathy, J. R. 1979. Silverleaf nightshade control in cotton with glyphosate. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 32:380.Google Scholar
2. Bellue, M. K. 1946. Weed seed handbook. Calif. Dep. Agric. Bull. 35:15–16.Google Scholar
3. Cooley, A. W. and Smith, D. T. 1973. Migration of four perennial weeds. Pages 9–11 in Weed and Herbicide Research in West Texas. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Prog. Rep. 3197–3209.Google Scholar
4. Cooley, A. W. and Smith, D. T. 1973. Silverleaf nightshade (white-weed) establishment from seed and clipped seedlings. Pages 6–8 in Weed and Herbicide Research in West Texas. Texas Agric. Exp. Stn. Prog. Rep. 3197–3209.Google Scholar
5. Cuthbertson, E. G. 1976. Silverleaf nightshade – a potential threat to agriculture. Agric. Gaz. N.S.W. 87:11–13.Google Scholar
6. Evetts, L. L. and Burnside, O. C. 1972. Germination and seedling development of common milkweed and other species. Weed Sci. 20:371–378.Google Scholar
7. Fernandez, O. A. and Brevedan, R. E. 1972. Regeneracion de Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. a partir de fragmentos de sus raices. Darwiniana. 17:433–442.Google Scholar
8. Ilnicki, R. D. and Fertig, S. N. 1962. Life history studies as related to weed control in the northeast. 3. Horsenettle. R. I. Agric. Exp. Stn. Bull. 368. Kingston. 54 pp.Google Scholar
9. Keeley, P. E. and Thullen, R. J. 1979. Influence of planting date on the growth of johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) from seed. Weed Sci. 27:554–558.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
10. Lolas, P. C. and Coble, H. D. 1980. Johnsongrass growth characteristics as related to rhizome length. Weed Res. 20:205–210.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
11. Molnar, V. M. and McKenzie, D. N. 1976. Progress report on silverleaf nightshade research. Pamphlet No. 61. Vermin and Noxious Weeds Destruction Board. Dept. of Crown Lands and Survey, Victoria Australia. 12 pp.Google Scholar
12. Rutherford, P. A. 1978. Effect of time of immersion in running and still water on the germination of silverleaf nightshade. Proc. of 1st Conf. of the Australian Weed Sci. Soc. 1:372–378.Google Scholar
13. Shreve, F. S. and Wiggins, I. L. 1964. Vegetation and Flora of the Sonoran Desert. 2:1326. Stanford Univ. Press.Google Scholar
14. Steinbauer, G. P. and Grigsby, B. 1957. Interaction of light, temperature, and moistening agent in the germination of weed seeds. Weeds. 5:175–183.Google Scholar
15. Uhvits, R. 1946. Effect of osmoic pressure on water absorption and germination of alfalfa seeds. Am. J. Bot. 33:279–285.Google Scholar
16. Vengris, J. 1963. The effect of time of seeding on the growth and development of rough pigweed and yellow foxtail. Weed Sci. 11:48–50.Google Scholar
17. Wilson, R. G. 1979. Germination and seedling development of Canada thistle. Weed Sci. 27:146–151.Google Scholar