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Identification and Utilization of Variation in Herbicide Tolerance in Soybean (Glycine max) Breeding

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Edgar E. Hartwig
Edgar E. Hartwig*
Affiliation:
U.S. Dep. Agric., ARS, in cooperation with the Delta Branch, Miss. Agric. and For. Exp. Stn., Stoneville, MS 38776
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Abstract

Herbicides marketed for selected crops were chosen on the basis that major cultivars of the specific crop were tolerant. Our work with soybeans [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] has demonstrated that variability exists with regard to sensitivity or tolerance to several herbicides. As a part of our breeding program to develop improved soybean cultivars, we have evaluated advanced breeding lines and germplasm for reaction to herbicides on the market as well as experimental herbicides. A breeding line was identified and released for production which showed very little injury from two over-the-top applications of a double rate of 2,4-DB [4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid]. Other strains showed severe injury and depressed seed yield. Variation in reaction to glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] has been observed. Lines tolerant to 0.56 kg ai/ha in one growing season were severely damaged the following season. When 200 germplasm lines from eastern Asia were treated with glyphosate, 6% showed less than 15% injury while 21% showed over 80% injury. The cultivar ‘Tracy′, selected for tolerance to 2,4-DB and a high level of resistance to the soil-borne disease causing phytophthora rot, was found to be sensitive to metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one]. Tracy has two major genes controlling resistance to phytophthora rot caused by Phytophthora megasperma Drechs. f. sp. glycinea Kuan and Erwin. One of these genes is closely linked with a gene controlling reaction to metribuzin. A crossover type was identified. The cultivar ‘Tracy-M’ retains the high level of resistance to phytophthora rot and is tolerant to metribuzin. A small percentage of germplasm lines evaluated were found to be sensitive to bentazon. Reaction to bentazon [3-(1-methylethyl)-(1H)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide] is simply inherited.

Keywords

Herbicide sensitivitysoybean improvementproduction efficiency
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Science , Volume 35 , Issue S1: Genetic Engineering for Herbicide Resistance , 1987 , pp. 4 - 8
Copyright
Copyright © 1987 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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