Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-r5fsc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-21T23:31:09.607Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ammonium Sulfate Effects on the Activity of Herbicides for Selective Grass Control

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

K. Neil Harker
K. Neil Harker*
Affiliation:
Agric. Canada Res. Stn., Bag Service 5000, Lacombe, AB, Canada T0C 1S0
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted from 1987 to 1990 at the Lacombe Research Station to determine the influence of ammonium sulfate (AS) on various grass control herbicides. In field studies, AS had slight or no effects on the phytotoxicity of aryloxyphenoxypropanoate (APP) herbicides (fenoxaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, and quizalofop). The largest AS-mediated increase in APP herbicide phytotoxicity was 19% (based on fresh weight reduction) for wild oat with haloxyfop at 50 g/ha. AS consistently mediated increases in cyclohexanedione (CHD) herbicide phytotoxicity. With added AS, barley fresh weight was reduced 75% (1988) with BAS 517 at 50 g/ha, and 100% (1990) with clethodim at 25 g/ha. Greenhouse studies confirmed field studies, but differences were less substantial and consistent. It is suggested that APP herbicides are either less susceptible to UV degradation than CHD herbicides, and/or that APP herbicides may penetrate plant cuticles quickly enough to nullify any protection from UV degradation that AS might provide via rapid absorption.

Keywords

BAS 517, 2-[1-(ethoxyimino)butyl]-3-hydroxy-5-(2H-tetrahydrothiopyran-3-yl)-2-cyclohexen-1-oneclethodim, (E,E)-(±)-2-[1-[[(3-chloro-2-propenyl)oxy]imino]propyl]-5-[2-(ethylthio)-propyl]-3-hydroxy-2-cyclohexen-1-onefenoxaprop, (±)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-benzoxazolyl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acidfluazifop, (±)-2-[4-[[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy] propanoic acidhaloxyfop, 2-[4-[[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acidquizalofop, (±)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-2-quinoxalinyl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acidwild oat, Avena fatua L. # AVEFAbarley, Hordeum vulgare L.AdjuvantsaryloxyphenoxypropanoatecyclohexanedionegraminicideAvena fatuaHordeum vulgareAVEFA
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 9 , Issue 2 , June 1995 , pp. 260 - 266
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 by the Weed Science Society of America 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Literature Cited

1. Blair, A. M. 1975. The addition of ammonium salts or a phophate ester to herbicides to control Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Weed Res. 15:101–105.Google Scholar
2. Bridges, D. C., Falb, L. N., and Smith, A. E. 1992. Stability and activity of clethodim as influenced by pH, UV light, and adjuvant. p. 215–223 (Chapter 18) in Foy, C. L., ed. Adjuvants for Agrichemicals. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
3. Chow, P.N.P., and MacGregor, A. W. 1983. Effect of ammonium sulphate and surfactants on activity of the herbicide sethoxydim. J. Pestic. Sci. 8:519–527.Google Scholar
4. Crafts, A. S. and Reiber, M. G. 1945. Studies on the activation of herbicides. Hilgardia 16:487–500.Google Scholar
5. Harker, K. N., and O'Sullivan, P. A. 1988. Ammonium sulphate enhances control of annual grass weeds in canola (Brassica campestris) with sethoxydim. Can. J. Plant Sci. 68:1087–1093.Google Scholar
6. Harker, K. N. 1992. Effects of various adjuvants on sethoxydim activity. Weed Technol. 6:865–870.Google Scholar
7. Harris, L. C. and Hyslop, G. R. 1942. Selective sprays for weed control in crops. Bull. Oregon Agric. Exp. Stn. 403.Google Scholar
8. Harrison, S. K. and Wax, L. M. 1985. The effect of adjuvants and oil carriers on photodecomposition of 2,4-D, bentazon, and haloxyfop. Weed Sci. 34:81–87.Google Scholar
9. Hazen, J. L. and Krebs, P. J. 1992. Photodegradation and absorption of sethoxydim as adjuvant-influenced surface effects. p. 195–203 (Chapter 16) in Foy, C. L., ed. Adjuvants for Agrichemicals. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
10. Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., and Corbin, F. T. 1989. Effect of ammonium sulfate and bentazon on sethoxydim absorption. Weed Technol. 3:674–677.Google Scholar
11. Kent, L. M., Wills, G. D., and Shaw, D. R. 1991. Effect of ammonium sulfate, imazapyr, and environment on the phytotoxicity of imazethapyr. Weed Technol. 5:202–205.Google Scholar
12. McInnes, D., Harker, K. N., Blackshaw, R. E., and Vanden Born, W. H. 1992. The influence of ultraviolet light on the phytotoxicity of sethoxydim tankmixtures with various adjuvants. p. 205–213 (Chapter 17) in Foy, C. L., ed. Adjuvants for Agrichemicals. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.Google Scholar
13. Merck Index, 10th ed. 1983. Windholz, M., ed. p. 37–38.Google Scholar
14. O'Sullivan, P. A., O'Donovan, J. T., and Hamman, W. M. 1981. Influence of non-ionic surfactants, ammonium sulphate, water quality and spray volume on the phytotoxicity of glyphosate. Can. J. Plant Sci. 61:391–400.Google Scholar
15. Sexsmith, J. J. 1953. Nutrient element additions to 2,4-D sprays. Res. Rep., 10th North Cent. Weed Control Conf., p. 57–58.Google Scholar
16. Smith, A. M. and Vanden Born, W. H. 1992. Ammonium sulfate increases efficacy of sethoxydim through increased absorption and translocation. Weed Sci. 40:351–358.Google Scholar
17. Suwunnamek, U. and Parker, C. 1975. Control of Cyperus rotundus with glyphosate: the influence of ammonium sulphate and other additives. Weed Res. 15:13–19.Google Scholar
18. Taylor, J. S., Harker, K. N., and Robertson, J. M. 1993. Seaweed extract and alginates as adjuvants with sethoxydim. Weed Technol. 7:916–919.Google Scholar
19. Tischler, N., Quimba, G. P., and Bejuki, W. M. 1951. Activators which considerably increase the defoliant and phytotoxic properties of endothal. Proc. 5th Northeast. Weed Control Conf., p. 35–44.Google Scholar
20. Turner, D. J. and Loader, M.P.C. 1972. Some increases in efficacy of foliage-applied herbicidal salts due to addition of ammonium ions. Proc. 11th Br. Weed Control Conf., p. 654–660.Google Scholar
21. Turner, D. J. and Loader, M.P.C. 1975. Further studies with additives: Effects of phosphate esters and ammonium salts on the activity of leaf-applied herbicides. Pestic. Sci. 6:1–10.Google Scholar
22. Turner, D. J. and Loader, M.P.C. 1980. Effect of ammonium sulphate and other additives on the phytotoxicity of glyphosate to Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Weed Res. 20:139–146.Google Scholar
23. Turner, D. J. and Loader, M.P.C. 1984. Effect of ammonium sulphate and related salts on the phytotoxicity of dichlorprop and other herbicides used for broadleaved weed control in cereals. Weed Res. 24:67–77.Google Scholar
24. Wilson, B.J. and Nishimoto, R. K. 1975. Ammonium sulphate enhancement of picloram activity and absorption. Weed Sci. 23:289–296.Google Scholar
25. York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., and Wilcut, J. W. 1990. Effects of (NH4)2SO4 and BCH 81508 S on efficacy of sethoxydim. Weed Technol. 4:76–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar