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Field Efficacy of Dactylaria higginsii as a Bioherbicide for the Control of Purple Nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 January 2017

Jugah B. Kadir ,
R. Charudattan ,
William M. Stall  and
Barry J. Brecke
Jugah B. Kadir
Affiliation:
Plant Pathology Department, 1453 Fifield Hall
R. Charudattan*
Affiliation:
Plant Pathology Department, 1453 Fifield Hall
William M. Stall
Affiliation:
Horticultural Sciences Department, P.O. Box 110680, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
Barry J. Brecke
Affiliation:
West Florida Research and Education Center, 4253 Experiment Drive, Jay, FL 32565-9524
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: rc@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu.
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Abstract

An isolate of the fungus Dactylaria higginsii obtained from purple nutsedge in Florida was highly pathogenic to Cyperus spp. The potential of this isolate as a bioherbicide was field tested in natural populations of purple nutsedge in Gainesville and Jay, FL. The fungus was applied in 0.5% Metamucil® as a carrier, and the treatments were: carrier only, 105 conidia/ml + carrier, and 106 conidia/ml + carrier. Treatments were applied as single, double, or triple postemergence (POST) sprays at biweekly intervals. The disease and secondary infections developed in about 5 and 15 d after inoculation, respectively, killing most of the infected leaves. All weed growth parameters and disease progress rates were affected by inoculum dosage and inoculation frequencies. Three inoculations, each at 106 conidia/ml, provided effective control of purple nutsedge compared to a single inoculation, as measured by shoot dry weight, tuber numbers, and tuber dry weight. Higher rates of disease progress and disease levels, defined by the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), occurred with three inoculations at 106 conidia/ml. Disease progress was slower and the level of weed control was lower at 105 conidia/ml compared to the higher inoculum level. Three applications of 106 conidia/ml provided >90% nutsedge control. Dactylaria higginsii appears to be an effective bioherbicide candidate deserving further development for commercial use.

Keywords

Purple nutsedgeCyperus rotundus L.# CYPRODactylariaD. higginsii (Luttrell) M. B. EllisMycoherbicidebiological control of weedsfungal pathogenAUDPC, area under the disease progress curvePDA, potato dextrose agarPOST, postemergencerG, disease progress
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 14 , Issue 1 , March 2000 , pp. 1 - 6
Copyright
Copyright © Weed Science Society of America 

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Footnotes

Current address: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

References

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