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Influence of Application Variables on Efficacy of Glyphosate

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

David L. Jordan ,
Alan C. York ,
James L. Griffin ,
Patrick A. Clay ,
P. Roy Vidrine  and
Daniel B. Reynolds
David L. Jordan
Affiliation:
Northeast Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, P.O. Box 438, St. Joseph, LA 71366
Alan C. York
Affiliation:
Crop Science Department, Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27695
James L. Griffin
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
Patrick A. Clay
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Baton Rouge, LA 70803
P. Roy Vidrine
Affiliation:
Dean Lee Research Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 8105 East Campus Drive, Alexandria, LA 71302
Daniel B. Reynolds
Affiliation:
Northeast Research Station, St. Joseph, LA
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Abstract

Field experiments were conducted from 1993 to 1995 to compare weed control by the isopropylamine salt of glyphosate at 0.21, 0.42, 0.63, and 0.84 kg ae/ha applied at three stages of weed growth. Weed control by glyphosate applied at these rates alone or with ammonium sulfate at 2.8 kg/ha was also evaluated. In other experiments, potential interactions between glyphosate and acifluorfen, chlorimuron, and 2,4-DB were evaluated. Velvetleaf, prickly sida, sicklepod, pitted morningglory, entireleaf morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, and hemp sesbania were controlled more easily when weeds had one to three leaves compared with control when weeds had four or more leaves. Glyphosate controlled redroot pigweed, velvetleaf, prickly sida, sicklepod, and barnyardgrass more effectively than pitted morningglory, entireleaf morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, or hemp sesbania. Increasing the rate of glyphosate increased control, especially when glyphosate was applied to larger weeds. Greater variation in control was noted for pitted morningglory, palmleaf morningglory, prickly sida, and velvetleaf than for redroot pigweed, sicklepod, entireleaf morningglory, or hemp sesbania. Ammonium sulfate increased prickly sida and entireleaf morningglory control but did not influence sicklepod, hemp sesbania, or barnyardgrass control. Acifluorfen applied 3 d before glyphosate or in a mixture with glyphosate reduced barnyardgrass control compared with glyphosate applied alone. Chlorimuron did not reduce efficacy. Mixtures of glyphosate and 2,4-DB controlled sicklepod, entireleaf morningglory, and barnyardgrass similar to glyphosate alone.

Keywords

Acifluorfen, 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoic acidglyphosate, N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine2,4-DB, 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acidbarnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. # ECHCGpalmleaf morningglory, Ipomoea wrightii Gray # IPOWRpitted morningglory, Ipomoea lacunosa L. # IPOLAprickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSPredroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L. # AMAREsicklepod, Senna obtusifolia (L.) Irwin and Barneby # CASOBvelvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medikus # ABUTHAmmonium sulfateantagonismapplication timingherbicide interactionacifluorfenchlorimuron2,4-DBAbutilon theophrastiAmaranthus hybridusEchinochloa crus-galliIpomoea hederacea var. integriusculaIpomoea lacunosaIpomoea wrightiiSenna obtusifoliaSesbania exaltataSida spinosaABUTHAMARECASOBECHCGIPOHGIPOLAIPOWRSEBEXSIDSPEPOST, early POSTMPOST, mid POSTLPOST, late POSTWAT, weeks after treatment
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 11 , Issue 2 , June 1997 , pp. 354 - 362
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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