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Limiting Green and Yellow Foxtail (Setaria viridis and S. glauca) Seed Production Following Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) Harvest

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

George O. Kegode ,
Frank Forcella  and
Beverly R. Durgan
George O. Kegode*
Affiliation:
West Central Experiment Station and Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, Morris, MN 56267
Frank Forcella
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS, North Central Soil Conservation Laboratory, Morris, MN 56267
Beverly R. Durgan
Affiliation:
Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108
*
Corresponding author's E-mail: gkegode@mail.mrsars.usda.gov.
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Abstract

Green and yellow foxtail seed production following harvest of spring wheat is a concern of producers in the northern Great Plains of the United States and the Prairie Provinces of Canada. Experiments were conducted in 1996 and 1997 in three tillage systems, no till (NT), chisel plow (CP), and moldboard plow (MP), at the University of Minnesota West Central Experiment Station, Morris, MN, to determine whether time of glyphosate application or tillage after spring wheat harvest could reduce postharvest foxtail seed production. In both years, hard red spring wheat was planted in late April and a packaged mixture of fenoxaprop and 2,4-D ester and MCPA ester was applied at a rate of 53 g and 81 g and 246 g ai/ha for grass and broadleaf weed control. Following spring wheat harvest, each main plot was subdivided into seven subplots, including an untreated control. One subplot was disked twice at 4 to 6 d after harvest (DAH) of spring wheat, and five other subplots had glyphosate (0.25 kg ai/ ha) applied on different days (1 to 31 DAH). Foxtail seeds were collected from the soil surface following first frost, and the number of green and yellow foxtail seeds were determined. Tillage immediately after spring wheat harvest eliminated foxtail plants, and no new foxtail seedlings emerged in either tilled or glyphosate-treated plots despite ideal postharvest conditions for foxtail germination and emergence in 1997. Most viable green foxtail seeds were consistently obtained in NT plots, whereas yellow foxtail seed production varied among tillage systems. Either tillage soon after spring wheat harvest or glyphosate application within 16 DAH reduced green and yellow foxtail seed production by greater than 70%.

Keywords

Fenoxaprop, (±)-2-[4-[(6-chloro-2- benzoxazolyl)oxy]phenoxy]propanoic acidglyphosate, N- (phosphonomethyl)glycineMCPA, (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acidgreen foxtail, Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. # SETVIyellow foxtail, Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv. # SETLUwheat, Triticum aestivum L. ‘Sharpe.’Herbicide application timingSETLUSETVICP, chisel plow tillage systemDAH, days after spring wheat harvestGDD, growing degree daysMP, moldboard plow tillage systemNT, no-till tillage system
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , March 1999 , pp. 43 - 47
Copyright
Copyright © 1999 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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References

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