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Multiple herbicide–resistant Lolium spp. is prevalent in wheat production in Texas Blacklands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 February 2020

Vijay Singh Open the ORCID record for Vijay Singh [Opens in a new window] ,
Aniruddha Maity ,
Seth Abugho ,
James Swart ,
David Drake  and
Muthukumar Bagavathiannan Open the ORCID record for Muthukumar Bagavathiannan [Opens in a new window]
Vijay Singh
Affiliation:
Assistant Research Scientist, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
Aniruddha Maity
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
Seth Abugho
Affiliation:
Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
James Swart
Affiliation:
Executive Director, Cereal Crops Research Inc., Dallas, TX, USA
David Drake
Affiliation:
Integrated Pest Management Agent, Commerce, TX, USA
Muthukumar Bagavathiannan*
Affiliation:
Associate Professor, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Muthukumar Bagavathiannan, Associate Professor, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Boulevard, College Station, TX 77843. (Email: muthu@tamu.edu)
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Abstract

Field surveys were conducted across the Blacklands region of Texas during 2016 and 2017 to document the distribution of herbicide-resistant Lolium spp. infesting winter wheat production fields in the region. A total of 68 populations (64 Italian ryegrass, four perennial ryegrass) were evaluated in a greenhouse for sensitivity to herbicides of three different modes of action: an acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor (mesosulfuron-methyl), two acetyl-coenzyme-A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors (diclofop-methyl and pinoxaden), and a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitor (glyphosate). Herbicides were applied at twice the label-recommended rates for mesosulfuron-methyl (29 g ai ha−1), diclofop-methyl (750 g ai ha−1), and pinoxaden (118 g ai ha−1); and at the recommended rate for glyphosate (868 g ae ha−1). The herbicide screenings were followed by dose-response assays of the most-resistant ryegrass population for each herbicide at eight rates (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64×), compared with a susceptible population at six rates (0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2×). The initial screening and dose-response experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with three replications and two experimental runs. Survivors (<80% injury) were characterized as highly resistant (0% to 20% injury) or moderately resistant (21% to 79%). Results showed that 97%, 92%, 39%, and 3% of the Italian ryegrass populations had survivors to diclofop-methyl, mesosulfuron-methyl, pinoxaden, and glyphosate treatments, respectively. Of the four perennial ryegrass populations, three were resistant to diclofop-methyl and mesosulfuron-methyl, and one was resistant to pinoxaden as well. Perennial ryegrass populations did not exhibit any resistance to glyphosate. Dose-response assays revealed 37-, 196-, and 23-fold resistance in Italian ryegrass to mesosulfuron-methyl, diclofop-methyl, and pinoxaden, respectively, compared with a susceptible standard. One Italian ryegrass population exhibited three-way multiple resistance to ACCase-, ALS-, and EPSPS-inhibitors. The proliferation of multiple herbicide–resistant ryegrass is a challenge to sustainable wheat production in Texas Blacklands and warrants diversified management strategies.

Keywords

Diclofop-methylglyphosatemesosulfuron-methylpinoxadenItalian ryegrass, Lolium perenne spp. multiflorum (Lam.) Husnotperennial ryegrass, Lolium perenne L.winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.Dose-responsemultiple herbicide resistanceresistance spreadsemistratified samplingweed resistance survey
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 5 , October 2020 , pp. 652 - 660
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

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Footnotes

Associate Editor: Jason Bond, Mississippi State University

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