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Nitrogen Carrier and Surfactant Increase Foliar Herbicide Injury in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2017

Phillip W. Stahlman ,
Randall S. Currie  and
Mosad A. El-Hamid
Phillip W. Stahlman
Affiliation:
Kansas State Univ. Agric. Res. Ctr.-Hays, 1232 240th Ave., Hays, KS 67601
Randall S. Currie
Affiliation:
Kansas State Univ. Southwest Res. & Ext. Ctr., 4500 E. Mary, Garden City, KS 67846
Mosad A. El-Hamid
Affiliation:
Kansas State Univ. Agric. Res. Ctr.-Hays, Sakha Res. Sta., Weed Cont. Dep., Kafr EL-Sheikh, Egypt
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Abstract

A three-year field study in west-central Kansas investigated the effects of combinations of spray carrier, nonionic surfactant (NIS), triasulfuron, and/or 2,4-D on winter wheat foliar injury and grain yield. Herbicides applied in water without NIS caused little or no foliar injury in two of three years. Urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) at 112 L/ha (40 kg N/ha) alone or as a carrier for herbicides caused moderate to severe foliar injury in all three years. Adding NIS to UAN spray solutions increased foliar injury, especially with the tank mixture of triasulfuron + 2,4-D. Effects of triasulfuron + NIS or 2,4-D applied in UAN were additive. Foliar injury was related inversely to temperature following application. Foliar injury was most evident 4 to 7 d after application and disappeared within 2 to 3 wk. Diluting UAN 50% with water lessened foliar injury in two of three years, especially in the presence of NIS, regardless of whether herbicides were in the spray solution. Treatments did not reduce wheat grain yield in any year despite estimates of up to 53% foliar injury one year.

Keywords

Triasulfuron, 2-(2-chloroethoxy)-N-[[4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide2,4-D, (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acidwinter wheat, Triticum aestivum L., ‘Eagle,’ ‘2163.’Fertilizersulfonylureatriasulfuron2,4-DUANurea-ammonium nitrate
Type
Research
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 11 , Issue 1 , March 1997 , pp. 7 - 12
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 by the Weed Science Society of America 

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