¹ Quoted in Rosenberg, Hans, Grosse Depression und Bismarckzeit: Wirtschaftsablauf, Geselhchaft und Politik in Mitteleuropa (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1967)CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 1970 (translation by the present author).

² Strange, , “The Management of Surplus Capacity: Or How Does Theory Stand up to Protectionism 1970s Style?” International Organization 33 (Summer 1979), 303–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

³ Gerschenkron, , Bread and Democracy in Germany (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1943).Google Scholar

⁴ Ashley, Percy, Modern Tariff History: Germany, United States, France (London: John Murray, 1920)Google Scholar; Condliffe, J. B., The Commerce of Nations (New York: W. W. Norton, 1950).Google Scholar

⁵ March, James G., “The Power of Power,” in Easton, David, ed., Varieties of Political Behavior (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1966).Google Scholar

⁶ Orr, Dale, “The Determinants of Entry: A Study of the Canadian Manufacturing Industries,” Review of Economics and Statistics 56 (February 1974), 58–66CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Deutsch, Larry L., “Structure, Performance, and the Net Rate of Entry into Manufacturing Industries,” Southern Economic Journal 41 (January 1975), 450–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

⁷ Hirschman, Albert O., Exit, Voice and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and States (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1970).Google Scholar

⁸ Joseph Monson, R. Jr, and Downs, Anthony, “A Theory of Large Managerial Firms,” in Russett, Bruce, ed., Economic Theories of International Politics (Chicago: Markham, 1968).Google Scholar

⁹ Cyert, Richard M. and March, James G., A Behavioral Theory of the Firm (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1963).Google Scholar

¹⁰ Treatments of satisficing theories by economists have generally concentrated on demonstrating that such a convergence occurs. See Day, Richard H., “Profits, Learning, and the Convergence of Satisficing to Marginalism,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 71 (May 1967), 302–11CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Winter, Sidney G., “Satisficing, Selection, and the Innovating Remnant,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 85 (May 1971), 237–61.CrossRefGoogle Scholar For a fuller discussion of satisficing theories, see McKeown, Timothy J., “The Rise and Decline of the Open Trading Regime of the Nineteenth Century,” Ph.D. diss. (Stanford University, 1982).Google Scholar

¹¹ Bromiley, Philip, “A Behavioral Investigation of Corporate Capital Investment,” Ph.D. diss. (Carnegie-Mellon University, 1981).Google Scholar

¹² Williamson, , “A Dynamic Model of Inter-Firm Behavior,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 79 (November 1965), 579–607CrossRefGoogle Scholar, presents a set of simultaneous differential equations that model relations between cooperation, communication, environmental conditions, and the level of collective performance. The theory is attractive because it depicts changes in the level of cooperation as being in part endogenously determined, and as reversible.

¹³ See Russett (fn. 8); Waltz, Kenneth N., Theory of International Politics (Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1979)Google Scholar; Keohane, Robert O., “The Demand for International Regimes,” International Organization 36 (Spring 1982), 325–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

¹⁴ Williamson (fn. 12), 583.

¹⁵ Simon, Herbert A., “A Behavioral Model of Rational Choice,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 69 (February 1955), 99–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

¹⁶ Moore, Geoffrey H., “Tested Knowledge of Business Cycles,” in Gordon, Robert A. and Klein, Lawrence R., eds., Readings in Business Cycles (Homewood, Ill.: Richard D. Irwin, 1965).Google Scholar

¹⁷ The difference between the expected utility of the preferred policy and the nonpreferred policy can be interpreted as an indicator of the amount of effort allotted by the firm to achieving the preferred policy (abstracting from the “free rider” problem). This amount will vary continuously as the p values vary continuously.

¹⁸ Axelrod, Robert, “The Emergence of Cooperation among Egoists,” American Political Science Review 75 (June 1981), 306–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

¹⁹ Kahneman, Daniel and Tversky, Amos, “Prospect Theory: An Analysis of Decision inder Risk,” Econometrica 47 (March 1979), 263–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

²⁰ McKeown (fn. 10).

²¹ By “second image,” Waltz refers to theories that explain international outcomes in terms of the domestic sources of state behavior. “Third image” refers to explanations in terms of properties of the international environment. See Waltz, , Man, the State, and War (New York: Columbia University Press, 1959).Google Scholar