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Review: Role of tubal environment in preimplantation embryogenesis: application to co-culture assays

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2010

Pierre Guérin  and
Yves Ménézo
Pierre Guérin*
Affiliation:
VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy l'Etoile cedex, France.
Yves Ménézo
Affiliation:
UNILABs, 12 Place Cornavin, Genève, Switzerland and Laboratoire d'Eylau, 55 Rue St Didier, 75116 Paris, France.
*
All correspondence to Pierre Guérin. VetAgro Sup, 69280 Marcy l'Etoile cedex, France. Tel: +33 4 78 87 26 08. Fax: +33 4 78 87 67 88. e-mail: p.guerin@vet-lyon.fr
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Summary

The culture of early preimplantation stage embryo is still delicate and the metabolic pathways of embryos are not completely understood. Embryo needs are evolutionary during the preimplantation development, consequently it is difficult to meet embryo needs in vitro. Culture conditions have to respect several physical and chemical equilibria: such as redox potential, pH, osmotic pressure, metabolic flux of energetic compounds, endogenous pools of amino acids and transcripts, etc. Embryo culture media are generally supplemented with amino acids, glucose, other energetic metabolites and antioxidant compounds, vitamin, and growth factors etc. Furthermore autocrine and paracrine regulation of embryo development probably exist. In fact embryo culture conditions have to be as non-toxic as possible. Various types of co-culture systems have been devised to overcome these problems. Complex interrelations exist between embryos and co-cultured cells. The beneficial effects of co-cultured cells may be due to continuous modifications of the culture medium, i.e. the elimination of toxic compounds and/or the supply of embryotrophic factors.

Keywords

Co-cultureCulture mediumEmbryoOviductal fluid
Type
Research Article
Information
Zygote , Volume 19 , Issue 1 , February 2011 , pp. 47 - 54
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2010

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