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The prospective association between meat intake and prostate cancer risk in UK Biobank

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 October 2018

A. Perez-Cornago ,
R.C. Travis  and
T.J. Key
A. Perez-Cornago
Affiliation:
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF
R.C. Travis
Affiliation:
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF
T.J. Key
Affiliation:
Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7LF
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Abstract

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Abstract
Information
Proceedings of the Nutrition Society , Volume 77 , Issue OCE4: Summer Meeting, 10–12 July 2018, Getting energy balance right , 2018 , E129
Copyright
Copyright © The Authors 2018 

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in males in the UK, with around 47,100 cases diagnosed in 2015(1). There is relatively high variation in incidence rates worldwide(Reference Ferlay, Soerjomataram and Dikshit2), suggesting that differences in exposure to environmental factors, such as diet, may play a role in prostate cancer development. Therefore, the aim of this study was to study the association between meat intake and prostate cancer risk in UK Biobank.

We studied 215,000 men from the UK Biobank study who were aged 40–69 years and free from cancer at baseline. Participants provided their frequency of consumption of processed meat, red meat and poultry via a touch screen questionnaire at the assessment centre(Reference Sudlow, Gallacher and Allen3). Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs)(Reference Perez-Cornago, Key and Allen4).

During a median of 5·6 years of follow-up, 4,562 participants were diagnosed with prostate cancer. Compared with men who reported consumption of red meat less than once a week, those who consumed red meat 3 or more times per week had a significantly higher prostate cancer risk (HR = 1·23; 95 % CI = 1·07–1·43). No associations were observed between total meat, processed meat or poultry intake and prostate cancer risk (table 1).

Table 1. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95 % CI) for total prostate cancer in UK Biobank (2006–2014)

1 HR are stratified by region and age at recruitment and adjusted for age (underlying time variable), Townsend deprivation score, ethnicity, living with a wife or partner, body mass index, smoking, physical activity, diabetes, enlarged prostate, family history of prostate cancer, and prostate-specific antigen test.

In these preliminary analyses from UK Biobank total meat consumption was not associated with risk of prostate cancer, but there was some evidence that higher consumption of red meat was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. Future research will examine associations by tumour characteristics.

References

1.CRUK Prostate Cancer Statistics (2018). www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/prostate-cancer (Last accessed: April 2018).Google Scholar
2.Ferlay, J, Soerjomataram, I, Dikshit, R et al. (2015) Int J Cancer 136, E359–386.Google Scholar
3.Sudlow, C, Gallacher, J, Allen, N et al. (2015) PLoS Med 12, e1001779.Google Scholar
4.Perez-Cornago, A, Key, TJ, Allen, NE et al. (2017) Br J Cancer 117, 1562–1571.Google Scholar
Figure 0

Table 1. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95 % CI) for total prostate cancer in UK Biobank (2006–2014)