Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-qlrfm Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-14T03:57:06.430Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter Seven - Culture Heroes, Inalienable Goods, and Religious Sodalities

Long-Distance Exchange in Eastern North America at European Contact

from Part II - The Role That Specific Institutions And Agents Played in Long-Distance Exchange

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 August 2022

Johan Ling
Affiliation:
University of Gothenburg, Sweden
Richard J. Chacon
Affiliation:
Winhrop University, South Carolina
Get access

Summary

Linking political economy and ritual economy perspectives focuses our attention to the articulation of aristocratic behavior and social hierarchies in chiefly and transegalitarian societies. The emergence, legitimation, and maintenance of aristocracy, heterarchy, and hierarchy is often linked to the widespread circulation, deployment, production, and use of alienable and inalienable goods (Brumfiel and Earle 1987; Earle 1997, 2002; Hayden 1998, 2001, 2011; Mills 2004; Agbe-Davies and Bauer 2010), but while such items may be restricted, they may also be appropriated by rivals and non-elite aggrandizers are threatened. Social institutions based on an emergent political and ritual economy typically involve complex interactions of labor intensification, ritual structures, surplus mobilization, and control over the distribution of highly valued and often exotic goods. Inalienable goods become increasingly restricted as elite aggrandizers institutionalize their authority and exert limitations over exchange nodes and spheres of influence (Earle 2002: 39).

Type
Chapter
Information
Trade before Civilization
Long Distance Exchange and the Rise of Social Complexity
, pp. 142 - 172
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agbe-Davies, A. S., and Bauer, A. A. (2010). Rethinking Trade as a Social Activity: An Introduction. In Bauer, A. A. and Agbe-Davies, A. S., eds., Social Archaeologies of Trade and Exchange: Exploring Relationships among People, Places and Things. New York: Routledge, pp. 1328.Google Scholar
Beck, R. (2013). Chiefdoms, Collapse, and Coalescence in the Early American South. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, R. ed. (2007). Durable House: House Society Models in Archaeology. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.Google Scholar
Beery, D. S. (1998). The Montana Masks: The Implications of Shell Mask Gorgets to Trade between the Plains and the Southeast. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Department of Anthropology, University of Montana, Missoula.Google Scholar
Betts, C. M. (2006). Pots and Pox: The Identification of Protohistoric Epidemics in the Upper Mississippi Valley. American Antiquity 71:2, pp. 233259.Google Scholar
Bissett, T. G., and Claassen, C. P. (2016). Portable X-Ray Fluorescence in Sourcing Prehistoric Whelk Shell Artifacts: A Pilot Study from Eastern North America. North American Archaeologist 37:3, pp. 143169.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blakeslee, D. J. (1975). The Plains Interband Trade System: An Ethnohistoric and Archeological Investigation. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.Google Scholar
Blakeslee, D. J. (1977). The Calumet Ceremony and the Origin of Fur Trade Rituals. Western Canadian Journal of Anthropology 7:2, pp. 7888.Google Scholar
Blakeslee, D. J. (1981). The Origin and Spread of the Calumet Ceremony. American Antiquity 46:4, pp. 759768.Google Scholar
Blanton, R. E., Feinman, G. M., Kowalewski, S. A., and Peregrine, P. N. (1996). A Dual-Processual Theory for the Evolution of Mesoamerican Civilization. Current Anthropology 37:1, pp. 114.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bluhm, E. A., and Liss, A. (1961). The Anker Site. In Bluhm, E. A., ed., Chicago Area Archaeology. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University.Google Scholar
Brain, J. P. (1988). Tunica Archaeology. Vol. 78. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Brain, J. P., and Phillips, P. (1996). Shell Gorgets: Styles of the Late Prehistoric and Protohistoric Southeast. Cambridge, MA: Peabody Museum Press.Google Scholar
Brashler, J. G., and Moxley, R. W. (1990). Late Prehistoric Engraved Shell Gorgets of West Virginia. West Virginia Archeologist 42:1, pp. 110.Google Scholar
Brose, D. S., Cowan, C. W., and Mainfort, R. C. Jr., eds. (2001). Societies in Eclipse: Archaeology of the Eastern Woodlands Indians, 1400–1700. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Brown, I. W. (1980). Salt and the Eastern North American Indian: An Archaeological Study. Lower Mississippi Survey Bulletin 6. Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Brown, I. W. (2006). The Calumet Ceremony in the Southeast as Observed Archaeologically. In Waselkov, G. A., Wood, P. H., and Hatley, T., eds., Powhatan’s Mantle: Indians in the Colonial Southeast. Rev. and expanded ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, pp. 371419.Google Scholar
Brown, J. A. (2001). Human Figures and the Southeastern Ancestor Shrine. In Drooker, P. B., ed., Fleeting Identities: Perishable Material Culture in Archaeological Research. Occasional Paper No. 28. Carbondale: Center for Archaeological Investigations, Southern Illinois University, pp. 7693.Google Scholar
Brown, J. A. (2004). The Cahokian Expression: Creating Court and Cult. In Sharp, R. V., ed., Hero, Hawk, and Open Hand: American Indian Art of the Ancient Midwest and South. New Haven: Yale University Press, pp.104123.Google Scholar
Brown, J. A. (2007a). The Social House in Southeastern Archaeology. In Beck, R. A. Jr., ed., The Durable House: House Society Models in Archaeology. Occasional Paper No. 35. Carbondale: Center for Archaeological Investigations, Southern Illinois University, pp. 227247.Google Scholar
Brown, J. A., Kerber, R. A., and Winters, H. D. (1990). Trade and the Evolution of Exchange Relations at the Beginning of the Mississippian Period. In Smith, B. D., ed., The Mississippian Emergence. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 251280.Google Scholar
Brumfiel, E. M., and Earle, T. K. (1987). Specialization, Exchange, and Complex Societies: An Introduction. In Brumfiel, E. M. and Earle, T. K., eds., Specialization, Exchange, and Complex Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 19.Google Scholar
Carlson, G. F. (1997). A Preliminary Survey of Marine Shell Artifacts from Archaeological Sites in Nebraska. Central Plains Archaeology 5:1, pp. 1147.Google Scholar
Collier, J. F. (1988). Marriage and Inequality in Classless Societies. Stanford: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Collins, J. M. (1995). A Shell Mask Gorget from Allamakee County, Iowa. Plains Anthropologist 40:153, pp. 251260.Google Scholar
Claassen, C. (1998). Shells. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Claassen, C., and Sigmann, S. (1993). Sourcing Busycon Artifacts of the Eastern United States. American Antiquity 58:2, pp. 333347.Google Scholar
Crawford, M. M. (2013). Iconographic, Spatial, and Temporal Patterning in “Rattlesnake” Gorgets from the Southern Appalachian Highlands. Unpublished Senior Thesis, Middle Tennessee State University, Murfreesboro.Google Scholar
Creel, D. (1991). Bison Hides in Late Prehistoric Exchange in the Southern Plains. American Antiquity 56:1, pp. 4049.Google Scholar
DeMarris, E., Castillo, L. J., and Earle, T. K. (1996). Ideology, Materialization, and Power Strategies. Current Anthropology 37:1, pp. 1431.Google Scholar
Dorsey, G. A. (1905). Traditions of the Caddo. Publication No. 41. Washington, DC: Carnegie Institution of Washington.Google Scholar
Dorsey, J. O. (1885). Mourning and War Customs of the Kansas. The American Naturalist 19:7, pp. 670680.Google Scholar
Dorsey, J. O. (1894). A Study of Siouan Cults. Eleventh Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, pp. 361544.Google Scholar
Drooker, P. B. (1995). Asking Old Museum Collections New Questions: Protohistoric Fort Ancient Social Organization and Interregional Interaction. Museum Anthropology 19, pp. 316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drooker, P. B. (1997). The View from Madisonville: Protohistoric Western Fort Ancient Interaction Patterns. Museum of Anthropology, Memoir No. 11. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Drooker, P. B. (2004). Pipes, Leadership, and Interregional Interaction in Protohistoric Midwestern and Northeastern North America. In Rafferty, S. M. and Mann, R., eds., Smoking and Culture: The Archaeology of Tobacco Pipes in Eastern North America. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, pp. 73123.Google Scholar
Drooker, P. B., and Cowan, C. W. (2001). Transformation of the Fort Ancient Cultures in the Central Ohio Valley. In Brose, D. S., Cowan, C. W., and Mainfort, R. C. Jr., eds., Societies in Eclipse: Archaeology of the Eastern Woodlands Indians, A.D. 1400–1700. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 83106.Google Scholar
DuVal, K. (2003). “A Good Relationship, & Commerce”: The Native Political Economy of the Arkansas River Valley. Early American Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 1, pp. 6189.Google Scholar
Dye, D. H. (1995). Feasting with the Enemy: Mississippian Warfare and Prestige-Goods Circulation. In Nassaney, M. S. and Sassaman, K. E., eds., Native American Interactions: Multiscalar Analyses and Interpretations in the Eastern Woodlands. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, pp. 289316.Google Scholar
Dye, D. H. (2002). Warfare in the Protohistoric Southeast: 1500–1700. In Wesson, C. B. and Rees, M. A., eds., Between Contacts and Colonies: Archaeological Perspectives on the Protohistoric Southeast. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, pp. 126141.Google Scholar
Dye, D. H. (2017). Animal Pelt Caps and Mississippian Ritual Sodalities. North American Archaeologist 38:1, 6397.Google Scholar
Dye, D. H. (2022). The Hero Twins in the Lower Mississippi Valley. In C. Diaz-Granados, ed., Explaining the Mississippians: American Indian Ancestors, Their Cosmos, and Iconography. Oxford: Oxbow Books.Google Scholar
Earle, T. (1997). How Chiefs Come to Power: The Political Economy in Prehistory. Stanford: Stanford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Earle, T. (2002). Bronze Age Economics: The Beginnings of Political Economies. Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Earle, T., Ling, J., Uhnér, C., Stos-Gale, Z., and Melheim, L. (2015). The Political Economy and Metal Trade in Bronze Age Europe: Understanding Regional Variability in Terms of Comparative Advantages and Articulations. European Journal of Archaeology 18:4, pp. 633657.Google Scholar
Emerson, T. E. (2003). Materializing Cahokia Shamans. Southeastern Archaeology 22:2, pp. 135154.Google Scholar
Ethridge, R., and Hudson, C., eds. (2002). The Transformation of the Southeastern Indians, 1540–1760. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.Google Scholar
Ethridge, R., and Shuck-Hall, S. M. eds. (2009). Mapping the Mississippian Shatter Zone: The Colonial Indian Slave Trade and Regional Instability in the American South. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferguson, R. B. (1990). Blood of the Leviathan: Western Contact and Warfare in Amazonia. American Ethnologist 17:2, pp. 237257.Google Scholar
Ferguson, R. B., and Whitehead, N. L., eds. (2000). War in the Tribal Zone: Expanding States and Indigenous Warfare. Santa Fe: SAR Press.Google Scholar
Fortune, R. F. (1932). Omaha Secret Societies. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Fosha, M. (1997). Faces of Shell: Two Marine Shell Mask Gorgets from South Dakota. Central Plains Archaeology 5:1, pp. 6975.Google Scholar
Fox, W. A. (2004). The North-South Copper Axis. Southeastern Archaeology 23:1, pp. 8597.Google Scholar
Friedman, J. (1975). Tribes, States, and Transformations. In Bloch, M., ed., Marxist Analyses and Social Anthropology. New York: Tavistock, pp. 161202.Google Scholar
Gillespie, S. D. (2000). Levi-Strauss: Maison and Société à Maisons. In Joyce, R. A. and Gillespie, S. D., eds., Beyond Kinship: Social and Material Reproduction in House Societies. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, pp. 2252.Google Scholar
Goad, S. I. (1978). Exchange Networks in the Prehistoric Southeastern United States. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens.Google Scholar
Golla, Susan M. J. (1975). Skidi Pawnee Religion: A Structural Analysis. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington, DC.Google Scholar
Gunderson, J. N. (1993) Catlinite and the Spread of the Calumet Ceremony. American Antiquity 58:3, pp. 560562.Google Scholar
Hall, J. M. Jr. (2009) Zamumo’s Gifts: Indian-European Exchange in the Colonial Southeast. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hall, R. L. (1987). Calumet Ceremonialism, Mourning Ritual, and Mechanisms of Inter-Tribal Trade. In Ingersoll, D. W. Jr. and Bronitsky, G., eds., Mirror and Metaphor: Material and Social Construction of Reality. Lanham: University Press of America, pp. 2943.Google Scholar
Hall, R. L. (1997) An Archaeology of the Soul: North American Indian Belief and Ritual. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Hally, D. J. (2007). Mississippian Shell Gorgets in Regional Perspective. In King, A., ed., Southeastern Ceremonial Complex: Chronology, Content, Context. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, pp. 185231.Google Scholar
Hathcock, Roy (1988). Ancient Indian Pottery of the Mississippi River Valley. 2nd ed. Marceline: Walsworth.Google Scholar
Hayden, B. (1998). Practical and Prestige Technologies: The Evolution of Material Systems. Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 5, pp. 155.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayden, B. (2001). Rich Man, Poor Man, Beggerman, Chief: The Dynamics of Social Inequality. In Feinman, G. M. and Price, T. D., eds., Archaeology at the Millennium: A Sourcebook. New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum, pp. 231272.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayden, B. (2011). Big Man, Big Heart? The Political Role of Aggrandizers in Egalitarian and Transegalitarian Societies. In Forsyth, D. and Hoyt, C., eds., For the Greater Good of All: Perspectives on Individualism, Society and Leadership, New York: Palgrave Macmillan, pp. 101118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayden, B. (2014). The Power of Feasts: From Prehistory to the Present. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Helms, M. W. (1998). Access to Origins: Affines, Ancestors, and Aristocrats. Austin: University of Texas Press.Google Scholar
Herman, M. W. (1953). The Indian Fur Trade of New France in the Seventeenth Century. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley.Google Scholar
Herman, M. W. (1956). The Social Aspect of Huron Property. American Anthropologist 58:6, pp. 10441058.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoffman, D. S. (1997) From the Southeast to Fort Ancient: A Survey of Shell Gorgets in West Virginia. West Virginia Archaeologist 49:1–2), pp. 140.Google Scholar
Howard, J. H. (1953). The Southern Cult in the Northern Plains. American Antiquity 19:2, pp. 130138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howard, J. H. (1956). The Persistence of Southern Cult Gorgets among the Historic Kansa. American Antiquity 21:3, pp. 301303.Google Scholar
Howard, J. H. (1965). The Ponca Tribe. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 195. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.Google Scholar
Hudson, C. (1997). Knights of Spain, Warriors of the Sun: Hernando de Soto and the South’s Ancient Chiefdoms. Athens: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar
Hudson, C., and Tesser, C., eds. (1994) The Forgotten Centuries: Indians and Europeans in the American South, 1521–1704. Athens: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar
Humphrey, C., and Hugh-Jones, S. (1992). Introduction: Barter, Exchange, and Value. In Humphrey, C. and Hugh-Jones, S., eds., Barter, Exchange, and Value: An Anthropological Approach. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 120.Google Scholar
Jaynes, S. (1997). Marine Shell Mask Gorgets in Montana. Central Plains Archaeology 5:1, pp. 99103.Google Scholar
James, J. (2015). Social Houses at Carson Mounds, 22-CO-518, as Evidenced by Dental Morphological Analysis. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. K. (1994). Prehistoric Exchange in the Southeast. In Baugh, T. G. and Ericson, J. E., eds., Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 99125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, W. (1907). Mortuary Observances and the Adoption Rites of the Algonkin Foxes of Iowa. Proceedings of the 15th International Congress of Americanists 2, pp. 263277.Google Scholar
Jones, W. (1968). Mortuary Observances and the Adoption Rites of the Algonkin Foxes of Iowa. Congrès International des Américanistes XVe session tenue à Québec en 1906. Reprinted from Quebec edition of 1906.Google Scholar
Kelly, J. E. (1991). Cahokia and Its Role as a Gateway Center in Interregional Exchange. In Emerson, T. E. and Lewis, R. B., eds., Cahokia and the Hinterlands. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, pp. 6182.Google Scholar
Kelly, K. G. (2010). Arenas of Action: Trade as Power, Trade as Identity. In Bauer, A. A. and Agbe-Davies, A. S., eds., Social Archaeologies of Trade and Exchange: Exploring Relationships among People, Places, and Things. New York: Left Coast Press, pp. 99117.Google Scholar
Keyes, G. (1994). Myth and Social History in the Early Southeast. In Kwachka, P. B., ed., Perspectives on the Southeast: Linguistics, Archaeology, and Ethnohistory. Athens: University of Georgia Press, pp. 106115.Google Scholar
King, A. (2011). Iconography of the Hightower Region of Eastern Tennessee and Northern Georgia. In Lankford, G. E., Reilly, F. K. III, and Garber, J. F., eds., Visualizing the Sacred: Cosmic Visions, Regionalism, and the Art of the Mississippian World. Austin: University of Texas Press, pp. 279293.Google Scholar
King, A., Forst, S., Lewis-Lavin, A., McBurnett, R., Rauch, J., Rosick, D., Swaney, L. and Tompson, J. (2017). Sympathy for the Devil’s Adovocate: An Iconography Exploration of the “Rattlesnake” Gorgets of Eastern Tennessee. Southeastern Archaeology 37:2, pp. 138148.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kneberg, M. D. (1959). Engraved Shell Gorgets and Their Associations. Tennessee Archaeologist 15:1, pp. 139.Google Scholar
Knight, V. J. Jr. (1990). Social Organization and the Evolution of Hierarchy in Southeastern Chiefdoms. Journal of Anthropological Research 46:1), pp. 123.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lafferty, R. H. III (1994). Prehistoric Exchange in the Lower Mississippi Valley. In Baugh, T. G. and Ericson, J. E., eds., Prehistoric Exchange Systems in North America. New York: Plenum Press, pp. 177213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lankford, G. E. ( 2008) Looking for Lost Lore: Studies in Folklore, Ethnology, and Iconography. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Lankford, G. E. (2016). Was There a Moundville Medicine Society? In Steponaitis, V. P. and Scarry, C. M., eds., Rethinking Moundville and Its Hinterland. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, pp. 7498.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lankford, G. E., and Dye, D. H. (2014) Conehead Effigies: A Distinctive Art Form of the Mississippi Valley. Arkansas Archeologist 53:1, pp. 3750.Google Scholar
LeCount, L. J. (1999). Polychrome Pottery and Political Strategies in Late and Terminal Classic Lowland Maya Society. Latin American Antiquity 10:3, pp. 239258.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mainfort, R. C. Jr. (2001). The Late Prehistoric and Protohistoric Periods in the Central Mississippi Valley. In Brose, D. S., Cowan, C. W., and Mainfort, R. C., eds., Societies in Eclipse: Archaeology of the Eastern Woodlands Indians, A.D. 1400–1700. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 173189.Google Scholar
Mainfort, R. C. (2008). Sam Dellinger: Raiders of the Lost Arkansas. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press.Google Scholar
Mallios, S. (2006). The Deadly Politics of Giving: Exchange and Violence at Ajacan, Roanoke, and Jamestown. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Marceaux, S., and Dye, D. H. (2007). Hightower Anthropomorphic Marine Shell Gorgets and Duck River Sword-form Flint Bifaces: Middle Mississippian Ritual Regalia in the Southern Appalachians. In King, A., ed., Southeastern Ceremonial Complex: Chronology, Content, Context. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, pp. 165184.Google Scholar
Marquardt, W. H., and Kozuch, L. (2016) The Lightning Whelk: An Enduring Icon of Southeastern North American Spirituality. Journal of Anthropology Archaeology 42:1, pp. 126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mauss, M. (1985). A Category of the Human Mind: The Notion of Person; The Notion of Self. In Carrithers, M., Collins, S. and Lukes, S., eds., The Category of the Person: Anthropology, Philosophy, History. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 125.Google Scholar
Mauss, M. (1990). The Gift. Halls, W. D., trans. New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Mazrim, R., and Esarey, D. (2007). Rethinking the Dawn of History: The Schedule, Signature, and Agency of European Goods in Protohistoric Illinois. Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology 32:2, pp. 145200.Google Scholar
Meyers, M. S. (2002). The Mississippian Frontier in Southwestern Virginia. Southeastern Archaeology 21:2, pp. 178191.Google Scholar
Mills, B. J. (2004). The Establishment and Defeat of Hierarchy: Inalienable Possessions and the History of Collective Prestige Structures in the Pueblo Southwest. American Anthropologist 106:2, pp. 238251.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mills, B. J. (2015). Unpacking the House: Ritual Practice and Social Networks at Chaco. In Heitman, C. C. and Plog, S., eds., Chaco Revisited: New Research on the Prehistory of Chaco Canyon. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, pp. 249271.Google Scholar
Moore, C. B. (1910). Antiquities of the St. Francis, White, and Black Rivers, Arkansas. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 14, pp. 253364.Google Scholar
Moore, A., ed. (1988). Nairne’s Muskhogean Journals: The 1708 Expedition to the Mississippi River. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.Google Scholar
Morse, D. F. (1992). The Seventeenth-Century Michigamea Village Location in Arkansas. In Walthall, J. A. and Emerson, T. E., eds., Calumet and Fleur-De-Lys: Archaeology of Indian and French Contact in the Midcontinent. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 5574.Google Scholar
Muller, J. (1987). Salt, Chert, and Shell: Mississippian Exchange and Economy. In Brumfiel, E. M. and Earle, T. K., eds., Specialization, Exchange, and Complex Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1021.Google Scholar
Muller, J. (1995). Regional Interaction in the Later Southeast. In Nassaney, M. S. and Sassaman, K. E., eds., Native American Interactions: Multiscalar Analyses and Interpretations in the Eastern Woodlands. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, pp. 317340.Google Scholar
Muller, J. (1997). Mississippian Political Economy. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murie, J. (1914). Pawnee Indian Societies. In Wissler, C., ed., Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History: Societies of the Plains Indians. Vol. 11. New York: American Museum of Natural History, pp. 513542.Google Scholar
O’Brien, G. (2002). Choctaws in a Revolutionary Age, 1750–1830. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.Google Scholar
Ottesen, A. I. (1979). A Preliminary Study of Acquisition of Exotic Raw Materials by Late Woodland and Mississippian Groups. Unpublished PhD dissertation, New York University, New York.Google Scholar
Parry, J. (1986). The Gift, the Indian Gift and the “Indian Gift.” Man 21:3, 453473.Google Scholar
Pluckhahn, T. J., and Ethridge, R. eds. (2006). Light on the Path: The Anthropology and History of the Southeastern Indians. Knoxville: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Pollack, D., Henderson, A. G., and Begley, C. T. (2002). Fort Ancient/Mississippian Interaction of the Northeastern Periphery. Southeastern Archaeology 21:2, pp. 206220.Google Scholar
Price, C. R., and Price, J. E. (1980). An Inventory and Assessment of the Leo Anderson Collection of Archaeological and Historical Specimens. Report on file. Center for Archaeological Research, Southwest Missouri State University, Springfield.Google Scholar
Radin, P. (1945). The Road of Life and Death. Bollingen Foundation Series No. 5. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Radin, P. (1949). The Basic Myth of the North American Indians. Eranos-Jahrbuch 17, pp. 359419.Google Scholar
Ramsey, W. L. (2008). The Yamasee War: A Study of Culture, Economy, and Conflict in the Colonial South. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodning, C. B. (2014) Cherokee Towns and Calumet Ceremonialism in Eastern North America. American Antiquity 79:3, pp. 425443.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renfrew, C. A. (1975). Trade as Action at a Distance: Questions of Integration and Communication. In Sabloff, J. A. and Lamberg-Karlovsky, C. C., eds., Ancient Civilization and Trade. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, pp. 360.Google Scholar
Renfrew, C. A. (1986). Introduction: Peer-Polity Interaction and Socio-Political Change. In Renfrew, C. and Cherry, J. F., eds., Peer-Polity Interaction and Socio-Political Change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 118.Google Scholar
Rowlands, M., and Ling, J. (2013). Boundaries, Flows and Connectivities: Mobility and Stasis in the Bronze Age. In Bergerbrant, S. and Sabatini, S., eds., Counterpoint: Essays in Archaeology and Heritage Studies in Honour of Professor Kristian Kristiansen. Oxford: Archaeopress, pp. 517529.Google Scholar
Sabo, G. III (1995). Rituals of Encounter: Interpreting Native American Views of European Explorers. In Whayne, J., compiler, Cultural Encounters in the Early South: Indians and Europeans in Arkansas. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, pp. 7687.Google Scholar
Salter, A. H. (1977). Catlinite Calumets: Artifactual Clues to Late Prehistoric and Historic Interactions in Eastern North America. Unpublished BA Honors thesis, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge.Google Scholar
Schortman, E. M., and Urban, P. A. eds. (1992). Resources, Power, and Interaction. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, M. T. (1987). Archaeology of Aboriginal Cultural Change in the Interior Southeast: Depopulation during the Early Historic Period. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.Google Scholar
Smith, M. T. (1997). Shell from the Plains: A Southeastern Perspective. Central Plains Archaeology 5, pp. 105107.Google Scholar
Smith, M. T. (2017). Marine Shell Trade in the Post-Mississippian Southeast. In Waselkov, G. A. and Smith, M. T., eds., Forging Southeastern Identities: Social Archaeology and Ethnohistory of the Mississippian to Early Historic South. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, pp. 8598.Google Scholar
Smith, M. T., and Hally, D. J. (1992). Chiefly Behavior: Evidence from Sixteenth Century Spanish Accounts. In Barker, A. W. and Pauketat, T. R., eds., Lords of the Southeast: Social Inequality and the Native Elites of Southeastern North America. Archaeological Papers No. 3. Washington, DC: American Anthropological Association, pp. 99109.Google Scholar
Smith, M. T., and Smith, J. B. (1989). Engraved Shell Masks in North America. Southeastern Archaeology 8:1, pp. 918.Google Scholar
Speck, F. G. (1907). Notes on Chickasaw Ethnology and Folk-Lore. Journal of American Folk-Lore 20:76, pp. 5058.Google Scholar
Spielmann, K. A. (2002). Feasting, Craft Specialization, and the Ritual Mode of Production in Small-Scale Societies. American Anthropologist 104:1, pp. 195207.Google Scholar
Springer, J. W. (1981). An Ethnohistoric Study of the Smoking Complex in Eastern North America. Ethnohistory 28:3, pp. 217235.Google Scholar
Sullivan, L. P. (2007). Shell Gorgets, Time, and the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex in Southeastern Tennessee. In King, A., ed., Southeastern Ceremonial Complex: Chronology, Content, Context. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, pp. 88106.Google Scholar
Sullivan, L. P. (2016). Reconfiguring the Chickamauga Basin. In Dye, D. H., ed., New Deal Archaeology in Tennessee: Intellectual, Methodological, and Theoretical Contributions. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, pp. 138170.Google Scholar
Sumner, M. L. (1951). Lodge-Boy and Thrown-Away: An Analytic Study of an American Indian Folktale. Unpublished Master’s thesis, Department of Anthropology, Stanford University, Stanford.Google Scholar
Swanton, J. R. (1911). Indian Tribes of the Lower Mississippi Valley and Adjacent Coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin No. 43. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.Google Scholar
Swanton, J. R. (1928). Social and Religious Beliefs and Usages of the Chickasaw Indians. 44th Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology for the Years 1926–1927. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C, pp. 169–273.Google Scholar
Swanton, J. R. (1931). Source Material for the Social and Ceremonial Life of the Choctaw Indians. Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin 132. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution.Google Scholar
Tanner, H. H. (2006). The Land and Water Communication Systems of the Southeastern Indians. In Waselkov, G. A., Wood, P H., and Hatley, T., eds., Powhatan’s Mantle: Indians in the Colonial Southeast. Rev. and expanded ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, pp. 2742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, N. (1991). Entangled Objects: Exchange, Material Culture, and Colonialism in the Pacific. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Thwaites, R. G. (1900). Of the First Voyage Made by Father Marquette toward New Mexico. Jesuit Relations 59, pp. 86163.Google Scholar
Turnbaugh, W. A. (1979). Calumet Ceremonialism as a Nativistic Response. American Antiquity 44:4, pp. 685691.Google Scholar
Urban, G. (1994). The Social Organization of the Southeast. In DeMallie, R. J. and Ortiz, A., eds., North American Indian Anthropology: Essays on Society and Culture. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, pp. 172193.Google Scholar
Van Horne, W. W. (1993). The Warclub: Weapon and Symbol in Southeastern Indian Societies. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Georgia, Athens.Google Scholar
Vankilde, H. (2014). Cultural Perspectives on the Beginnings of the Nordic Bronze Age. Offa 67/68, pp. 5177.Google Scholar
Vankilde, H. (2016). Bronzization: The Bronze Age as Pre-Modern Globalization. Praehistorische Zeltschrift 91:1, pp. 103123.Google Scholar
Wallace, A. F. C. (1966). Religion: An Anthropological View. New York: Random House.Google Scholar
Waselkov, G. A. (1989). Seventeenth-Century Trade in the Colonial Southeast. Southeastern Archaeology 8:2, pp. 117133.Google Scholar
Waselkov, G. A., and Sheldon, C. T. Jr. (1987). Cataloguing and Documenting the Historic Creek Archaeological Collections of the Alabama Department of Archives and History: A Final Report to the National Science Foundation. Montgomery: Auburn University and the Alabama Department of Archives and History.Google Scholar
Waselkov, G. A., and Smith., M. T., eds. (2017). Forging Southeastern Identities: Social Archaeology and Ethnohistory of the Mississippian to Early Historic South. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Weeks, W. R. Jr. (2009). Antiquity of the Midewiwin: An Examination of Early Documents, Origin Stories, Archaeological Remains, and Rock Paintings from the Northern Woodlands of North America. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Arizona State University, Tempe.Google Scholar
Weiner, A. (1985). Inalienable Wealth. American Ethnologist 12:2), pp. 210227.Google Scholar
Weiner, A. (1992). Inalienable Possessions: The Paradox of Keeping-while-Giving. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Welch, P. D. (1991). Moundville’s Economy. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Wells, E. C. (2006). Recent Trends in Theorizing Prehispanic Mesoamerican Economies. Journal of Archaeological Research 14:4, pp. 265312.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williams, S. (1980). Armorel: A Very Late Phase in the Lower Mississippi Valley. Southeastern Archaeological Conference 22, pp. 105110.Google Scholar
Wilson, G. D. (2001). Crafting Control and the Control of Crafting: Rethinking the Moundville Greenstone Industry. Southeastern Archaeology 20:2, pp. 118128.Google Scholar
Wissler, C. (1916). Societies and Ceremonial Associations in the Oglala Division of the Teton-Dakota. In Wissler, C., ed., Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History: Societies of the Plains Indians. Vol. 11. New York: American Museum of Natural History, pp. 1100.Google Scholar
Wolf, E. R. (1999). Envisioning Power: Ideologies of Dominance and Crises. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Worth, J. E. (2002). Spanish Missions and the Persistence of Chiefly Power. In Ethridge, R. F. and Hudson, C. M., eds., The Transformation of the Southeastern Indians, 1540–1760. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, pp. 3964.Google Scholar
Wright, G. A. (1967). Some Aspects of Early and Mid-Seventeenth Century Exchange Networks in the Western Great Lakes. Michigan Archaeologist 13:4, pp. 181197.Google Scholar
Wright, G. A. (1968). A Further Note on Trade Friendships and Gift Giving: The Western Great Lakes. Michigan Archaeologist 14:3–4), pp. 165166.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×