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Chapter 6 - Healthy aging: exercise and nutrition as medicine for older adults

from Section I - General approach to the care of the elderly

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2016

By
Diane Villanyi ,
Maria A. Fiatarone Singh  and
B. Lynn Beattie
Edited by
Jan Busby-Whitehead ,
Christine Arenson ,
Samuel C. Durso ,
Daniel Swagerty ,
Laura Mosqueda ,
Maria Fiatarone Singh  and
William Reichel
Jan Busby-Whitehead
Affiliation:
University of North Carolina
Christine Arenson
Affiliation:
Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia
Samuel C. Durso
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Daniel Swagerty
Affiliation:
University of Kansas
Laura Mosqueda
Affiliation:
University of Southern California
Maria Fiatarone Singh
Affiliation:
University of Sydney
William Reichel
Affiliation:
Georgetown University, Washington DC
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Summary

Effective exercise and nutrition prescriptions, along with counseling and support of healthy lifestyle choices, are as important as treatment of disease in promoting healthy aging. Exercise prescriptions should consider individual risks and benefits, appropriate modality and dose; possible drug interactions, and use of behavioral techniques to optimize adoption and adherence. The elderly, women, minorities, and those with low income, low educational level, disabilities, or chronic health conditions are at highest risk for low levels of physical activity. They also bear a large burden of diseases amenable to prevention and treatment with exercise but often have the least opportunity for physical activity. Physical activities for older adults have previously focused on improving cardiorespiratory fitness and prolonging life; however, exercise designed to maintain or improve functional independence can also be beneficial. Age-related changes in metabolism, loss of integrity of the oral cavity, social isolation, and chronic illness are among factors putting the elderly at risk of malnutrition syndromes, including anorexia, cachexia, and sarcopenia.
Type
Chapter
Information
Reichel's Care of the Elderly
Clinical Aspects of Aging
 , pp. 69 - 96
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2016

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