Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-68945f75b7-s56hc Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-08-05T17:07:01.045Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

19 - Monitoring of the Newborn and Young Infant Under Anesthesia

from Section 2 - Newborn and Infant Anesthesia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 February 2018

Mary Ellen McCann
Affiliation:
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Christine Greco
Affiliation:
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Kai Matthes
Affiliation:
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Kochanek, PM, Carney, N, Adelson, PD, et al. Guidelines for the acute medical management of severe traumatic brain injury in infants, children, and adolescents: second edition. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012;13(S1):S1–82.Google Scholar
2.Sigl, JC, Chamoun, NG. An introduction to bispectral analysis for the electroencephalogram. J Clin Monit. 1994;10(6):392404.Google Scholar
3.Sadhasivam, S, Ganesh, A, Robison, A, Kaye, R, Watcha, MF. Validation of the bispectral index monitor for measuring depth of sedation in children. Anesth Analg. 2006;102(2):383–8.Google Scholar
4.Denman, WT, Swanson, EL, Rosow, D, et al. Pediatric evaluation of the bispectral index (BIS) monitor and correlation of BIS with end-tidal sevoflurane concentration in infants and children. Anesth Analg. 2000;90(4):872–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Choudhry, DK, Brenn, BR. Bispectral index monitoring: a comparison between normal children and children with quadriplegic cerebral palsy. Anesth Analg. 2002;95(6):1582–5.Google Scholar
6.Malviya, S, Voepel-Lewis, T, Tait, AR, et al. Effect of age and sedative agent on the accuracy of bispectral index in detecting depth of sedation in children. Pediatrics. 2007;120(3):461–70.Google Scholar
7.Myles, PS, Leslie, K, McNeil, J, Forbes, A, Chan, MT. Bispectral index monitoring to prevent awareness during anaesthesia: the B-Aware randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;363(9423):1757–63.Google Scholar
8.Avidan, MS, Zhang, L, Burnside, BA, et al. Anesthesia awareness and the bispectral index. NEJM. 2008;358:1097–108.Google Scholar
9.Avidan, MS, Jacobsohn, E, Glick, D, et al. Prevention of intraoperative awareness in a high-risk surgical population. NEJM. 2011;365:591600.Google Scholar
10.Davidson, AJ, Huang, GH, Czarnecki, C, et al. Awareness during anesthesia in children: a prospective cohort study. Anesth Analg. 2005;100(3):653–61.Google Scholar
11.Tortoriello, TA, Stayer, SA, Mott, AR, et al. A noninvasive estimation of mixed venous oxygen saturation using near-infrared spectroscopy by cerebral oximetry in pediatric cardiac surgery patients. Paediatr Anaesth. 2005;15:495503.Google Scholar
12.Gottlieb, EA, Fraser, CD Jr., Andropoulos, DB, Diaz, LK. Bilateral monitoring of cerebral oxygen saturation results in recognition of aortic cannula malposition during pediatric congenital heart surgery. Paediatr Anaesth. 2006;16(7):787–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Kurth, CD, Steven, JM, Nicolson, SC. Cerebral oxygenation during pediatric cardiac surgery using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Anesthesiology. 1995;82(1):7482.Google Scholar
14.Burrows, FA, Bissonnette, B. Monitoring the adequacy of cerebral perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass in children using transcranial Doppler technology. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 1993;5(3):209–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
15.Kontos, HA. Validity of cerebral arterial blood flow calculations from velocity measurements. Stroke. 1989;20(1):13.Google Scholar
16.O’Brien, JJ, Butterworth, J, Hammon, JW, et al. Cerebral emboli during cardiac surgery in children. Anesthesiology. 1997;87(5):1063–9.Google Scholar
17.Shen, Q, Stuart, J, Venkatesh, B, et al. Inter observer variability of the transcranial Doppler ultrasound technique: impact of lack of practice on the accuracy of measurement. J Clin Monit Comput. 1999;15(3–4):179–84.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18.Nuwer, MR, Dawson, EG, Carlson, LG, Kanim, LE, Sherman, JE. Somatosensory evoked potential spinal cord monitoring reduces neurologic deficits after scoliosis surgery: results of a large multicenter survey. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1995;96(1):611.Google Scholar
19.Hyun, SJ, Rhim, SC, Kang, JK, Hong, SH, Park, BR. Combined motor- and somatosensory-evoked potential monitoring for spine and spinal cord surgery: correlation of clinical and neurophysiological data in 85 consecutive procedures. Spinal Cord. 2009;47(8):616–22.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Meakin, GH. Neuromuscular blocking drugs in infants and children. Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain. 2007;7:143–7.Google Scholar
21.Goudzousian, NG. Maturation of neuromuscular transmission in the infant. Br J Anaesth. 1980;52:205–14.Google Scholar
22.Goudzousian, NG, Crone, RK, Todres, ID. Recovery from pancuronium blockade in the neonatal intensive care unit. Br J Anaesth. 1981;53:1303–9.Google Scholar
23.Gwinnutt, CL, Meakin, G. Use of the post-tetanic count to monitor recovery from intense neuromuscular blockade in children. Br J Anaesth. 1988;61:547–50.Google Scholar
24.Kliegman, RM, Stanton, B, St. Geme, J, Schor, N, Behrman, R. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 19th edn. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011.Google Scholar
25.Manecke, GR Jr., Nemirov, MA, Bicker, AA, Adsumelli, RN, Poppers, PJ. The effect of halothane on the amplitude and frequency characteristics of heart sounds in children. Anesth Analg. 1999;88(2):263–7.Google Scholar
26.Nezfati, MH, Soltani, G, Kahrom, M. Esophageal stethoscope: an old tool with a new role, detection of residual flow during video-assisted thoracoscopic patent ductus arteriosus closure. J Pediatr Surg. 2010;45(11):2141–5.Google Scholar
27.Doniger, SJ, Sharieff, GQ. Pediatric dysrhythmias. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2006;53(1):85105.Google Scholar
28.Karvonen, MJ, Telivuo, LJ, Jaervinen, EJ. Sphygmomanometer cuff size and the accuracy of indirect measurement of blood pressure. Am J Cardiol. 1964;13:688–93.Google Scholar
29.Arafat, M, Mattoo, TK. Measurement of blood pressure in children: recommendations and perceptions on cuff selection. Pediatrics. 1999;104:e30.Google Scholar
30.Ganesh, A, Kaye, R, Cahill, AM, et al. Evaluation of ultrasound-guided radial artery cannulation in children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2009;10(1):45–8.Google Scholar
31.Ishii, S, Shime, N, Shibasaki, M, Sawa, T. Ultrasound-guided radial artery catheterization in infants and small children. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2013;14(5):471–3.Google Scholar
32.Schwemmer, U, Arzet, HA, Trautner, H, et al. Ultrasound-guided arterial cannulation in infants improves success rate. Eur J Anaesth. 2006;23(6):476–80.Google Scholar
33.Lo, RN, Leung, MP, Lau, KC, Yeung, CY. Abnormal radial artery in Down’s syndrome. Arch Dis Child. 1986;61(9):885–90.Google Scholar
34.Schindler, E, Kowald, B, Suess, H, et al. Catheterization of the radial or brachial artery in neonates and infants. Paediatr Anaesth. 2005;15(8):677–82.Google Scholar
35.Green, C, Yohannan, MD. Umbilical arterial and venous catheters: placement, use, and complications. Neonatal Netw. 1998;17(6):23–8.Google Scholar
36.Furfaro, S, Gauthier, M, Lacroix, J, et al. Arterial catheter-related infections in children: a 1-year cohort analysis. Am J Dis Child. 1991;145(9):1037–43.Google Scholar
37.Ducharme, FM, Gauthier, M, Lacroix, J, Lafleur, L. Incidence of infection related to arterial catheterization in children: a prospective study. Crit Care Med. 1988;16(3):272–6.Google Scholar
38.Band, JD, Maki, DG. Infections caused by arterial catheters used for hemodynamic monitoring. Am J Med. 1979;67(5):735–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
39.Miyasaka, K, Edmonds, JF, Conn, AW. Complications of radial artery lines in the paediatric patient. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1976;23(1):914.Google Scholar
40.Verghese, ST, McGill, WA, Patel, RI, et al. Ultrasound-guided internal jugular venous cannulation in infants: a prospective comparison with the traditional palpation method. Anesthesiology. 1999;91(1):71–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
41.Chuan, WX, Wei, W, Yu, L. A randomized-controlled study of ultrasound prelocation vs anatomical landmark-guided cannulation of the internal jugular vein in infants and children. Paediatr Anaesth. 2005;15(9):733–8.Google Scholar
42.Shefler, A, Gillis, J, Lam, A, et al. Inferior vena cava thrombosis as a complication of femoral vein catheterization. Arch Dis Child. 1995;72(4):343–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
43.Marik, PE, Baram, M, Vahid, B. Does central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? A systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares. Chest. 2008;134(1):172–8.Google Scholar
44.Damen, J, Wever, JE. The use of balloon-tipped pulmonary artery catheters in children undergoing cardiac surgery. Intensive Care Med. 1987;13(4):266–72.Google Scholar
45.Perkin, RM, Anas, N. Pulmonary artery catheters. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2011;12(Suppl. 4):S12–20.Google Scholar
46.Bettex, DA, Schmidlin, D, Bernath, MA, et al. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in pediatric congenital cardiac surgery: a two-center observational study. Anesth Analg. 2003;97(5):1275–82.Google ScholarPubMed
47.Cote, CJ, Zaslavsky, A, Downes, JJ, et al. Postoperative apnea in former preterm infants after inguinal herniorrhaphy: a combined analysis. Anesthesiology. 1995;82(4):809–22.Google Scholar
48.Cote, CJ, Goldstein, EA, Cote, MA, Hoaglin, DC, Ryan, JF. A single-blind study of pulse oximetry in children. Anesthesiology. 1988;68(2):184–8.Google Scholar
49.Cote, CJ, Rolf, N, Liu, LM, et al. A single-blind study of combined pulse oximetry and capnography in children. Anesthesiology. 1991;74(6):980–7.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
50.Ralston, AC, Webb, RK, Runciman, WB. Potential errors in pulse oximetry: III. Effects of interferences, dyes, dyshaemoglobins and other pigments. Anaesthesia. 1991;46(4):291–5.Google Scholar
51.Cote, CJ, Goldstein, EA, Fuchsman, WH, Hoaglin, DC. The effect of nail polish on pulse oximetry. Anesth Analg. 1988;67(7):683–6.Google ScholarPubMed
52.van Oostrom, JH, Mahla, ME, Gravenstein, D. The Stealth Station Image Guidance System may interfere with pulse oximetry. Can J Anaesth. 2005;52(4):379–82.Google Scholar
53.Annabi, EH, Barker, SJ. Severe methemoglobinemia detected by pulse oximetry. Anesth Analg. 2009;108(3):898–9.Google Scholar
54.Suner, S, Partridge, R, Sucov, A, et al. Non-invasive pulse CO-oximetry screening in the emergency department identifies occult carbon monoxide toxicity. J Emerg Med. 2008;34(4):441–50.Google Scholar
55.Webb, RK, Ralston, AC, Runciman, WB. Potential errors in pulse oximetry: II. Effects of changes in saturation and signal quality. Anaesthesia. 1991;46(3):207–12.Google Scholar
56.Rüegger, C, Bucher, HU, Mieth, RA. Pulse oximetry in the newborn: is the left hand pre- or post-ductal? BMC Pediatr. 2010;10:35.Google Scholar
57.Mason, KP, Burrows, PE, Dorsey, MM, Zurakowski, D, Krauss, B. Accuracy of capnography with a 30 foot nasal cannula for monitoring respiratory rate and end-tidal CO2 in children. J Clin Monit. 2000;16:259–62.Google Scholar
58.Williamson, JA, Webb, RK, Cockings, J, Morgan, C. The Australian Incident Monitoring Study: the capnograph – applications and limitations. An analysis of 2000 incident reports. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1993;21(5):551–7.Google Scholar
59.Westhorpe, RN, Ludbrook, GL, Helps, SC. Crisis management during anaesthesia: bronchospasm. Qual Saf Health Care. 2005;14:e7.Google Scholar
60.Baudendistel, L, Goudsouzian, N, Cote, C, Strafford, M. End-tidal CO2 monitoring: its use in the diagnosis and management of malignant hyperthermia. Anaesthesia. 1984;39(10):1000–3.Google Scholar
61.Cote, CJ, Liu, LM, Szyfelbein, SK, et al. Intraoperative events diagnosed by expired carbon dioxide monitoring in children. Can Anaesth Soc J. 1986;33(3 Pt 1):315–20.Google Scholar
62.Badgwell, JM, McLeod, ME, Lerman, J, Creighton, RE. End-tidal PCO2 measurements sampled at the distal and proximal ends of the endotracheal tube in infants and children. Anesth Analg. 1987;66(10):959–64.Google Scholar
63.Matjasko, J, Petrozza, P, Mackenzie, CF. Sensitivity of end-tidal nitrogen in venous air embolism detection in dogs. Anesthesiology. 1985;63(4):418–23.Google Scholar
64.Nilsson, K. Maintenance and monitoring of body temperature in infants and children. Paediatr Anaesth. 1991;1:1320.Google Scholar
65.Burgess, GE 3rd, Cooper, JR, Marino, RJ, Peuler, MJ. Continuous monitoring of skin temperature using a liquid-crystal thermometer during anesthesia. South Med J. 1978;71:516–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
66.Cork, RC, Vaughan, RW, Humphrey, LS. Precision and accuracy of intraoperative temperature monitoring. Anesth Analg. 1983;62:211–14.Google Scholar
67.Bissonnette, B, Sessler, DI, LaFlamme, P. Intraoperative temperature monitoring sites in infants and children and the effect of inspired gas warming on esophageal temperature. Anesth Analg. 1989;69:192–6.Google Scholar
68.Jay, O, Molgat-Seon, Y, Chou, S, Murto, K. Skin temperature over the carotid artery provides an accurate noninvasive estimation of core temperature in infants and young children during general anesthesia. Pediatr Anesth. 2013;23(12):1109–16.Google Scholar
69.Moorthy, SS, Winn, BA, Jallard, MS, et al. Monitoring urinary bladder temperature. Heart Lung. 1985:14:90–3.Google Scholar
70.Benzinger, TH. Heat regulation: homeostasis of central temperature in man. Physiol Rev. 1969;49:671759.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×