Critiques of the movement against the US youth sex trade have emerged from both inside the movement as well as from journalists, academics, and activists on the left. Some critics argue that movement advocates and the media have created a “moral panic” by exaggerating and sensationalizing the issue through narratives of victimization that obscure the heterogeneity of youth experiencing prostitution. As a result, they argue, this framing ignores the needs of many youth and undermines their agency and empowerment. Other critics argue that the movement has advanced a “carceral feminism” that has led to increased state power to surveille, regulate and control the behavior and sexuality of youth through a growing anti-trafficking bureaucracy. They also argue that trafficking policies have expanded law enforcement funding and powers, resulting in the targeting of communities of color and contributing to the build-up of the prison industrial complex. Finally, critics argue that the movement against domestic minor sex trafficking has put in place policies and practices that endanger adult sex workers and that act as a Trojan horse for an attack on the sex industry and sexuality more generally.