Chapter 4 examines how the critical role NGOs played in the development of and advocacy for the Rome Statute helped facilitate future NGO participation once the International Criminal Court was established. Because NGOs helped draft the Rome Statute, and saw the Court as the fruit of their advocacy, their efforts did not end with the Rome Conference but expanded to help set up the Court and support and shape it into their idealized vision. Court officials and member states allowed expanded NGO participatory access and involvement because NGOs had generated goodwill, positive brand recognition, and relationships with key stakeholders.