This chapter investigates how de facto international prosecutors attempted to extend the reaches of international criminal law to senior members of the Syrian government, as and while the alleged crimes were continuing. Unlike Garcés and Guengueng, in this case study, de facto international prosecutors started collecting material, which links suspected senior leaders to underlying crimes, during a period when the alleged crimes were being perpetrated. The chapter starts with the Chief Investigator for Syria (hereafter Chief Investigator 1),1 a Syrian lawyer from the southern governorate of Dara’a.2 Chief Investigator 1 would later become one of the founding members of the Commission for International Justice and Accountability (CIJA). Before the Arab Spring, Chief Investigator 1 had relocated abroad working in civil law. But after large-scale protests erupted all across Syria in March 2011, in response to the arrest and torture of schoolchildren from Dera’a, he returned to his home state.