Cindy Jones1 has lived and worked in and around the criminal courts in a rural East Tennessee county for decades. What she told me epitomizes what happens when three phenomena – bias, reliance on punishment systems for care, and incredibly resource-poor environments – collide. Cindy has been a jail administrator, a treatment coordinator, and a probation officer, among other jobs. I originally got her name from the local public defender who is assigned to her courthouse. When I explained my project he said that he was happy to talk to me but that the person I really had to talk to was Cindy. She was his go-to person to get help for his clients and she, more than anyone else in his community, knows how to get people treatment. So my research assistant and I got in the car and drove out to meet her.