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3 - The Origins of the Medieval Principalities

(Tenth-Fourteenth Centuries)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 March 2023

Guy Vanthemsche
Affiliation:
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Roger De Peuter
Affiliation:
Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Emeritus
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Summary

After centuries of state formation, fourteenth-century “Belgium” consisted of three duchies (Brabant, Limburg, and Luxemburg), three counties (Flanders, Hainaut, and Namur), a prince-bishopric (Liège) and some smaller territories. The names and, in some measure, also the territories of the present-day Belgian provinces refer to these historical principalities. The dukes, counts, and prince-bishops were vassals of the French king or the German king-emperor (medieval German kings often bore the title of Holy Roman Emperor; for simplicity’s sake we only use the title of (Holy Roman) Emperor in this and the following chapters). The counts of Flanders and Hainaut were vassals of both the French king and the emperor. The power of counts and dukes very much depended on the monarch’s (in)ability to check their ambitions (see Map 3.1).

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

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