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Chapter 1 - The Normal Electrocardiogram

A Brief Review

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 June 2018

Steven R. Lowenstein
Affiliation:
University of Colorado School of Medicine
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Critical Cases in Electrocardiography
An Annotated Atlas of Don't-Miss ECGs for Emergency Medicine and Critical Care
, pp. 1 - 39
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2018

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References

Gorgels, A. P. M., Engelen, D. J. M., Wellens, H. J. J. Lead aVR, a mostly ignored but very valuable lead in clinical electrocardiography. J Am Col Cardiol. 2001; 38:13551356.Google Scholar
Hancock, E. W., Deal, B. J., Mirvis, D. M. et al. AHA/ACCF/HRS Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram. Part V: Electrocardiogram changes associated with cardiac chamber hypertrophy. A scientific statement from the American heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009; 53:9921002.Google Scholar
Harrigan, R. A., Chan, T. C., Brady, W. J. Electrocardiographic electrode misplacement, misconnection and artifact. J Emerg Med. 2012. 43:10381044.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kligfield, P., Gettes, L. S., Bailey, J. J. et al. Recommendations for the standardization and interpretation of the electrocardiogram. Part I: The electrocardiogram and its technology. A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Electrocardiography and Arrhythmias Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology; the American College of Cardiology Foundation; and the Heart Rhythm Society. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007; 491109491127.Google Scholar
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Rosen, A. V., Koppikar, S., Shaw, C., Baranchuk, A. Common ECG lead placement errors. Part 1: Limb lead reversals. In J Med Students. 2014; 2:9298. Part 2: Precordial misplacements. Limb lead reversals. In J Med Students. 2014; 2:99–103.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Surawicz, B., Knilans, T. K. Chou’s electrocardiography in clinical practice. Sixth edition. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2008.Google Scholar
Thygesen, K., Alpert, J. S., Jaffe, A. S. et al. Third universal definition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012;60:15811598.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
University of Minnesota. Atlas of human cardiac anatomy. Conduction system tutorial. 2014. www.vhlab.umn.edu/atlas/conduction-system-tutorial/overview-of-cardiac-conduction.shtml. Accessed May 24, 2016.Google Scholar
Wagner, G. S., Strauss, D. G. Marriott’s Practical Electrocardiography. Twelfth edition. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2014.Google Scholar
Wellens, H. J. J., Conover, M. The ECG in emergency decision-making. Second edition. St Louis, MO: Elsevier, Inc., 2008.Google Scholar

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