Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-7479d7b7d-8zxtt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-11T09:22:28.176Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 8 - Psychiatric Causes of Agitation: Exacerbation of Personality Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2017

Scott L. Zeller
Affiliation:
University of California, Riverside
Kimberly D. Nordstrom
Affiliation:
Denver Health Medical Center, Colorado
Michael P. Wilson
Affiliation:
University of California, San Diego
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2017

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abraham, P. F. and Calabrese, J. R. (2008). Evidenced-based pharmacologic treatment of borderline personality disorder: a shift from SSRIs to anticonvulsants and atypical antipsychotics? J. Affect. Disord. 111, 2130.Google Scholar
Arkowitz, H. (2008). Motivational Interviewing in the Treatment of Psychological Problems. New York: Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Baumann, S. L. (2012). Motivational interviewing for emergency nurses. J. Emerg. Nurs. JEN Off. Publ. Emerg. Dep. Nurses Assoc. 38, 254257.Google Scholar
Bell, A. C. and D’Zurilla, T. J. (2009). Problem-solving therapy for depression: a meta-analysis. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 29, 348353.Google Scholar
Black, D. W. (2015). The natural history of antisocial personality disorder. Can. J. Psychiatry Rev. Can. Psychiatr. 60, 309314.Google Scholar
Bornstein, R. F. (2011). Toward a multidimensional model of personality disorder diagnosis: implications for DSM-5. J. Pers. Assess. 93, 362369.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Borschmann, R., Henderson, C., Hogg, J., et al. (2012). Crisis interventions for people with borderline personality disorder. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 6, CD009353.Google Scholar
Caligor, E., Levy, K. N., and Yeomans, F. E. (2015). Narcissistic personality disorder: diagnostic and clinical challenges. Am. J. Psychiatry 172, 415422.Google Scholar
Chaput, Y. J. A. and Lebel, M.-J. (2007). An examination of the temporal and geographical patterns of psychiatric emergency service use by multiple visit patients as a means for their early detection. BMC Psychiatry 7, 60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coid, J. W. (2002). Personality disorders in prisoners and their motivation for dangerous and disruptive behaviour. Crim. Behav. Ment. Health CBMH 12, 209226.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coid, J., Yang, M., Roberts, A., Ullrich, S., Moran, P., Bebbington, P., Brugha, T., Jenkins, R., Farrell, M., Lewis, G., and Singleton, N. (2006). Violence and psychiatric morbidity in a national household population – a report from the British Household Survey. Am. J. Epidemiol. 164, 11991208.Google Scholar
Cunningham, R. M., Chermack, S. T., Zimmerman, M. A., et al. (2012). Brief motivational interviewing intervention for peer violence and alcohol use in teens: one-year follow-up. Pediatrics 129, 10831090.Google Scholar
Damsa, C., Adam, E., De Gregorio, F., et al. (2007). Intramuscular olanzapine in patients with borderline personality disorder: an observational study in an emergency room. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry 29, 5153.Google Scholar
DSM-5 (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition: DSM-5. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association Publishing.Google Scholar
Ekselius, L., Lindström, E., von Knorring, L., et al. (1993). Personality disorders in DSM-III-R as categorical or dimensional. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 88, 183187.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
ENA (2011). Emergency Department Violence Surveillance (EDVS) Report.Google Scholar
Fazel, S., and Danesh, J. (2002). Serious mental disorder in 23000 prisoners: a systematic review of 62 surveys. Lancet Lond. Engl. 359, 545550.Google Scholar
Feurino, L., and Silk, K. R. (2011). State of the art in the pharmacologic treatment of borderline personality disorder. Curr. Psychiatry Rep. 13, 6975.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fountoulakis, K. N., Leucht, S., and Kaprinis, G. S. (2008). Personality disorders and violence. Curr. Opin. Psychiatry 21, 8492.Google Scholar
Franke, L. J. A., Van Weel-Baumgarten, E. M., Lucassen, P. L. B. J., et al. (2007). Feasibility of training in problem-solving treatment for general practice registrars. Eur. J. Gen. Pract. 13, 243245.Google Scholar
Groves, J. E. (1978). Taking care of the hateful patient. N. Engl. J. Med. 298, 883887.Google Scholar
Hagelstam, C., and Häkkänen, H. (2006). Adolescent homicides in Finland: offence and offender characteristics. Forensic Sci. Int. 164, 110115.Google Scholar
Hasin, D., Fenton, M. C., Skodol, A., Krueger, R., Keyes, K., Geier, T., Greenstein, E., Blanco, C., and Grant, B. (2011). Personality disorders and the 3-year course of alcohol, drug, and nicotine use disorders. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 68, 11581167.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hasin, D., and Kilcoyne, B. (2012). Comorbidity of psychiatric and substance use disorders in the United States: current issues and findings from the NESARC. Curr. Opin. Psychiatry 25, 165171.Google Scholar
Hickie, I. B. (2000). An approach to managing depression in general practice. Med. J. Aust. 173, 106110.Google Scholar
Holloman, G. H., and Zeller, S. L. (2012). Overview of Project BETA: Best practices in evaluation and treatment of agitation. West. J. Emerg. Med. 13, 12.Google Scholar
Hopwood, C. J., Malone, J. C., Ansell, E. B., et al. (2011). Personality assessment in DSM-5: empirical support for rating severity, style, and traits. J. Personal. Disord. 25, 305320.Google Scholar
Howard, R. (2015). Personality disorders and violence: what is the link? Borderline Personal. Disord. Emot. Dysregulation 2, 12.Google Scholar
Howard, R. C., Huband, N., Duggan, C., and Mannion, A. (2008). Exploring the link between personality disorder and criminality in a community sample. J. Personal. Disord. 22, 589603.Google Scholar
Kahl, K. G., Negt, P., Wollmer, A., J., et al. (2015). Inhaled loxapine for acute treatment of agitation in patients with borderline personality disorder: a case series. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 35, 741743.Google Scholar
Kisely, S., Ligate, L., Roy, M.-A., and Lavery, T. (2012). Applying motivational interviewing to the initiation of long-acting injectable atypical antipsychotics. Australas. Psychiatry 20, 138142.Google Scholar
Linehan, M. M. (1993). Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder. New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Linehan, M. M. (1997). Validation and psychotherapy. In Empathy Reconsidered: New Directions in Psychotherapy, Bohart, A. C. and Greenberg, L. S. (Eds.). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, pp. 353392.Google Scholar
Linehan, M. M. (2014). DBT® Skills Training Manual, Second Edition. New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Lynch, T. R., Trost, W. T., Salsman, N., and Linehan, M. M. (2007). Dialectical behavior therapy for borderline personality disorder. Annu. Rev. Clin. Psychol. 3, 181205.Google Scholar
Miller, W. R., and Rollnick, S. (2009). Ten things that motivational interviewing is not. Behav. Cogn. Psychother. 37, 129140.Google Scholar
Miller, W. R., and Rollnick, S. (2012). Motivational Interviewing: Helping People Change, 3rd Edition. New York: The Guilford Press.Google Scholar
Mynors-Wallis, L. (2001). Problem-solving treatment in general psychiatric practice. Adv Psych Treat 7, 417425.Google Scholar
Mynors-Wallis, L. (2002). Does problem-solving treatment work through resolving problems? Psychol. Med. 32, 13151319.Google Scholar
Mynors-Wallis, L. (2005). Problem-Solving Treatment for Anxiety and Depression: A Practical Guide. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mynors-Wallis, L. M., Gath, D. H., Day, A., and Baker, F. (2000). Randomised controlled trial of problem solving treatment, antidepressant medication, and combined treatment for major depression in primary care. BMJ 320, 2630.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nestor, P. G. (2002). Mental disorder and violence: personality dimensions and clinical features. Am. J. Psychiatry 159, 19731978.Google Scholar
Nordstrom, K., Zun, L. S., Wilson, M. P., et al. (2012). Medical evaluation and triage of the agitated patient: consensus statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project Beta Medical Evaluation Workgroup. West. J. Emerg. Med. 13, 310.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pascual, J. C., Madre, M., Soler, J., et al. (2006). Injectable atypical antipsychotics for agitation in borderline personality disorder. Pharmacopsychiatry 39, 117118.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pasic, J., Russo, J., and Roy-Byrne, P. (2005). High utilizers of psychiatric emergency services. Psychiatr. Serv. Wash. DC 56, 678684.Google Scholar
Paton, C., Crawford, M. J., Bhatti, S. F., Patel, M. X., and Barnes, T. R. E. (2015). The use of psychotropic medication in patients with emotionally unstable personality disorder under the care of UK mental health services. J. Clin. Psychiatry 76, e512e518.Google Scholar
Putkonen, H., Komulainen, E. J., Virkkunen, M., Eronen, M., and Lönnqvist, J. (2003). Risk of repeat offending among violent female offenders with psychotic and personality disorders. Am. J. Psychiatry 160, 947951.Google Scholar
Richard-Lepouriel, H., et al. (2015). Predictors of recurrent use of psychiatric emergency services. Psychiatr Serv. 2015 66(5), 521526.Google Scholar
Richmond, J. S., Berlin, J. S., Fishkind, A. B., et al. (2012). Verbal de-escalation of the agitated patient: consensus Statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project BETA De-escalation Workgroup. West. J. Emerg. Med. 13, 1725.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rubak, S., Sandbaek, A., Lauritzen, T., and Christensen, B. (2005). Motivational interviewing: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br. J. Gen. Pract. J. R. Coll. Gen. Pract. 55, 305312.Google Scholar
Saftlas, A. F., Harland, K. K., Wallis, A. B., et al. (2014). Motivational interviewing and intimate partner violence: a randomized trial. Ann. Epidemiol. 24, 144150.Google Scholar
Saunders, E. F. H., and Silk, K. R. (2009). Personality trait dimensions and the pharmacological treatment of borderline personality disorder. J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 29, 461467.Google Scholar
Seekles, W., Van Straten, A., Beekman, A., van Marwijk, H., and Cuijpers, P. (2011). Effectiveness of guided self-help for depression and anxiety disorders in primary care: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Psychiatry Res. 187, 113120.Google Scholar
Silk, K. R. (2015). Management and effectiveness of psychopharmacology in emotionally unstable and borderline personality disorder. J. Clin. Psychiatry 76, e524e525.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sinha, B. K. and Watson, D. C. (2001). Personality disorder in university students: a multitrait-multimethod matrix study. J. Personal. Disord. 15, 235244.Google Scholar
Skodol, A. E., Bender, D. S., Oldham, J. M., et al. (2011b). Proposed changes in personality and personality disorder assessment and diagnosis for DSM-5 Part II: Clinical application. Personal. Disord. 2, 2340.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Skodol, A. E., Clark, L. A., Bender, D. S., et al. (2011a). Proposed changes in personality and personality disorder assessment and diagnosis for DSM-5 Part I: Description and rationale. Personal. Disord. 2, 422.Google Scholar
Skodol, A. E., Morey, L. C., Bender, D. S., and Oldham, J. M. (2015). The alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders: a clinical application. Am. J. Psychiatry 172, 606613.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sneed, J. R., Balestri, M., and Belfi, B. J. (2003). The use of dialectical behavior therapy strategies in the psychiatric emergency room. Psychother. Theory Res. Pract. Train. 40, 265277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Soomro, G. M., and Kakhi, S. (2015). Deliberate self-harm (and attempted suicide). BMJ Clin. Evid. Available from: http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com/x/systematic-review/1012/overview.html. 2015 May. Accessed March 4, 2016.Google Scholar
Tadić, A., Wagner, S., Hoch, J., et al. (2009). Gender differences in axis I and axis II comorbidity in patients with borderline personality disorder. Psychopathology 42, 257263.Google Scholar
Trull, T. J., Jahng, S., Tomko, R. L., Wood, P. K., and Sher, K. J. (2010). Revised NESARC personality disorder diagnoses: gender, prevalence, and comorbidity with substance dependence disorders. J. Personal. Disord. 24, 412426.Google Scholar
Waterhouse, J., and Platt, S. (1990). General hospital admission in the management of parasuicide. A randomised controlled trial. Br. J. Psychiatry J. Ment. Sci. 156, 236242.Google Scholar
Wilson, M. P., Pepper, D., Currier, G. W., Holloman, G. H., and Feifel, D. (2012). The psychopharmacology of agitation: consensus statement of the American Association for Emergency Psychiatry Project Beta Psychopharmacology Workgroup. West. J. Emerg. Med. 13, 2634.Google Scholar
Yu, R., Geddes, J. R., and Fazel, S. (2012). Personality disorders, violence, and antisocial behavior: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. J. Personal. Disord. 26, 775792.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure coreplatform@cambridge.org is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×