The following British Standards apply to this chapter:

1. BS 6072 Method for penetrant flaw detection

2. BS 6443 Method for magnetic particle flaw detection

3. BS 2600 Radiographic examination of fusion welded butt joints in steel

4. BS 2901 Radiographic examination of fusion welded circumferential butt joints in steel pipes

5. BS 709 Methods of destructive testing fusion welded joints and weld metal in steel

6. BS 3923 Methods for ultrasonic examination of welds. Parts 1 and 2

7. BS 3451 Methods of testing fusion welds in aluminium and aluminium alloys

8. BS 4206 Methods of testing fusion welds in copper and copper alloys

9. See also BS 3863 Glossary of terms used in non-destructive testing

During the process of welding, faults of various types may creep in. Some, such as those dealing with the quality and hardness of the weld metal, are subjects for the chemist and research worker, while others may be due to lack of skill and knowledge of the welder. These, of course, can be overcome by correct training (both theoretical and practical) of the operator.

In order that factors such as fatigue may not affect the work of a skilled welder, it is evidently necessary to have means of inspection and testing of welds, so as to indicate the quality, strength and properties of the joint being made.

Visual inspection, both while the weld is in progress and afterwards, will give an excellent idea of the probable strength of the weld, after some experience has been obtained.