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5 - Oscar Wilde and Henry James: aestheticizing ethics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 September 2009

Jil Larson
Affiliation:
Western Michigan University
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Summary

Like the painting of a sorrow,

A face without a heart.

William Shakespeare

The proximity of the other is the face's meaning, and it means from the very start in a way that goes beyond those plastic forms which forever try to cover the face like a mask of their presence to perception. But always the face shows through these forms. Prior to any particular expression and beneath all particular expressions, which cover over and protect with an immediately adopted face or countenance, there is the nakedness and destitution of the expression as such, that is to say, extreme exposure, defencelessness, vulnerability itself.

Emmanuel Levinas

Besides sharing a strong aestheticizing impulse, Oscar Wilde and Henry James both lampooned Victorian morality to make way for what Wilde called a New Ethics. The quintessential fin-de-siècle aesthete, Wilde asserts in the preface to The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891) that “there is no such thing as a moral or an immoral book.” The novel that follows this preface unfolds in the form of a fairy tale of sorts and raises moral questions on nearly every page, and yet established boundaries between the moral and the immoral do indeed blur and shift. Thus this strange late-century, proto-postmodern work ventures an experiment in aestheticizing morality, in transforming Victorian deontology into an ethics that provides more scope for beauty and unorthodox choice.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2001

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