The Oxford Handbook of Memory, edited by Endel Tulving and Fergus Craik, was published in the year 2000. It is the first such book to be devoted to the science of memory. It is perhaps the single most authoritative and exhaustive guide as to those concepts and theories of memory that are currently regarded as being most vital. It is instructive, with that in mind, to browse the exceptionally comprehensive subject index of this handbook for the most commonly used terms. Excluding those that name phenomena, patient groups, parts of the brain, or commonly used experimental procedures, by far the most commonly used terms are encoding and retrieval processes. Terms for different kinds of memory also feature prominently, as one would expect. Among the most frequently used are short-term and long-term memory; explicit and implicit memory; working memory; episodic and semantic memory; verbal, visual and procedural memory.